G3007 λείπω (leípō)

λείπω; [2 aor. subj. 3 pers. sing. Airy, Tit. iii. 13 TWH mrg.; pres. pass. λείπομαι; fr. Hom. down]; 1. trans. to leave, leave behind, forsake; pass. to be left behind (prop. by one’s rival in a race, hence), a. to lag, be inferior: ἐν μηδενί, Jas. i. 4 (Hdt. 7, 8, 1); [al. associate this ex. with the two under b.]. b. to be destitute of, to lack: with gen. of the thing, Jas. i. 5; ii. 15, (Soph., Plat., al.). 2. intrans. to be wanting ΟἹ absent, to fail: λείπει τί τινι, LK. xviii. 22; Tit. iii. 13, (Polyb. 10, 18, 8; al.); τὰ λείποντα, the things that remain [so Justin Mart. apol. 1, 52, ef. 32; but al. are wanting], Tit. i. 5. [Comp.: ἀπο-, δια-, éx-, ἐπι-, κατα-, ἐν-κατα-, Tept-, ὑπο-λείπω.]

λείπω leipō 6x

trans. to leave, forsake; pass. to be left, deserted; by impl. to be destitute of, deficient in, Jas. 1:4, 5; 2:15; intrans. to fail, be wanting, be deficient, Lk. 18:22; Tit. 1:5; 3:13*

λείπω,

[in LXX: Jb 4:11, Pr 19:1 (4) (פּרד), al.;]

trans., to leave, leave behind; pass., to be left behind, to lack seq. prep. (as more usual in cl.), ἐν, Ja 1:4; c. gen. rei, Ja 1:5 2:15.

Intrans., to be gone, to be wanting: c. dat. pers., Lk 18:22, Tit 3:13; τὰ λείποντα, Tit 1:5 (cf. ἀπο-, δια-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, ἐν-κατα-, περι-, ὑπο-λείπω).†

λείπω. P Amh IT. 3613 (c, B.c. 135) λείπω τε τὴν ὑπερβολήν, “1 do not exaggerate” (Edd.), Pretsigke 276 τάδ᾽ ἔλυπον ᾿Ατταλάχοις Ἡρακλῆ. As showing that the distinction between the active and the middle of the verb was carefully preserved, it may be noted that “‘ the invariable expression in Anatolian epigraphy, even of the humblest class expressed in the worst Greek, is λείπειν βίον, not λείπεσθαι" (W. M. Ramsay Exp VII. vi. p. 548f.). For the act. in the intrans. sense of “am lacking,” as in Lk 182%, we may cite Epict. ii. 14. 19 τί σοι λείπει ; and for the middle construed with ἐν, as in Jas 14, cf. Prezsigke 620° (B.C. 97-96) where a temple that has received other honours is declared to be wanting in the right of asylum—Actrrec Oar δὲ ἐν τῷ μὴ εἶναι ἄσυλον. The verb is a λέγε. techn. in accounts to denote a deficiency, e.g. P Par 5911 (B.c. 160) (= Witkowski®, p. 76) λ(είπεται) (δραχμαὶ) pvé. Examples of λείπομαι with a gen. of the thing wanting, as in Jas 1°, 21, are to be found only in very late writers, such as Libanius: cf. Field Woses, p- 235. The pass. c. dat. is seen in P Tor I. 1vi-95 (B.c. 116) λελεῖφθαι τῇ κρίσει, ‘ causa cecidisse” (Ed.), P Giss I. 69% (A.D. 118-119) κρειθῇ λειπόμεθα. The Tonic form -λιμπάνω is found in Attic popular speech in the second half of iv/B.c. (Meisterhans Gy. p. 176): cf. P Petr I. 14® (a will—s.c. 237) καταλιμπάνω τὰ ὑπ[άρχοντα, similarly 26. 1517, and the late P Grenf I. 604% (A.D. 581) κληρονόμοις κατ]αλιμπάνειν. See also the Alexandrian Erotic Fragment 26. I. 13 (ii/B.c.) pe κατεφίλει ἐπιβούλως μέλλων με καταλιμπάνειν, and OG/S 519120 (c, A.D. 245) παραλιμπάνοντες. . . καταλιμπάνοντες. The form occurs sporadically in composition in the LXX (Thackeray Gr. i. p. 227), but in the NT only in I Pet 274, unless we add three occurrences in the ‘* Western ” text, Ac 874 D, 171° D, and 2 Cor 49 FG. On the variations in MSS. between ἔλειπον and ἔλιπον, see Moulton G7. ii. § 95. MGr XAclrro, ‘‘ fail,” ‘‘am wanting,” ‘‘am absent.

λείπω (leipō) — to lack. λείπω, imperfect ἔλειπον [Refs 8th c.BC+]: future λείψω [Refs]aorist 1 ἔλειψα, participle λείψας [Refs 5th c.BC+]; uncompounded, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; also in later Poets, [Refs 3rd c.AD+], etc.: but correct writers normally use aorist 2 ἔλῐπον [Refs 8th c.BC+], etc.: perfect λέλοιπα [Refs 8th c.BC+]pluperfect ἐλελοίπειν (Attic dialect -η) [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, in properly sense chiefly in compounds: aorist 2 ἐλιπόμην [Refs 8th c.BC+]:—passive, future middle in passive sense λείψομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also λειφθήσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: aorist ἐλείφθην, λείφθην [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἔλειφθεν [Refs]: perfect λέλειμμαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐλελείμμην [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect λέλειπτο [Refs]: Epic dialect aorist also ἔλειπτο [Refs 3rd c.BC+]

1. leave, quit, Ἑλλάδα, δώματα, etc., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; χερσὶν ὕπο Τρώων λείψειν φάος ἠελίοιο, i.e. die, be killed, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. βίον, βίοτον, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

1. b conversely, τὸν δ᾽ ἔλιπε ψυχή [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ψυχὴ δὲ λέλοιπεν (i.e. ὀστέα) [Refs 8th c.BC+]; in these two last passages some take it intransitive, is gone, see below [Refs]

2. leave behind, leave at home, παιδὶ τὸν ἐν μεγάροισιν ἔλειπες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially of dying men, leave (as a legacy), Ἀτρεὺς δὲ θνῄσκων ἔλιπεν πολύαρνι Θυέστῃ [τὸσκῆπτρον[Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. ἄρρενας, θυγατέρας, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—also in middle, leave behind one (as a memorial to posterity), μνημόσυνον λιπέσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]

2. b leave standing, leave remaining, spare, οἰκίαν οὐδεμίαν [Refs 5th c.BC+]

3. leave, forsake, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὴν αὑτοῦ φύσιν λ.[Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. ἐράνους fail in paying.., [Refs 4th c.BC+]; λ. δασμόν, φοράν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λ. μαρτυρίαν, ὅρκον, fail in.., [Refs 4th c.BC+] allow it to go by default, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; λοιβὰς.. οὐ λίπε neglected them not, [Refs]

3. b conversely, λίπον ἰοὶ ἄνακτα they failed him, [Refs 8th c.BC+]

4. in Mathematics texts, lose or drop something, i.e. have something subtracted from it, τὸ KP λιπὸν τὸ BO the area KP minus the area BO, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]

II. intransitive, to be gone, depart, [Refs]; see above 1.1b.

II.2. to be wanting or missing, οὔ τί πω ἔλιπεν ἐκ τοῦδ᾽ οἴκου.. αἰκία [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λείπουσιν αἱ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς [τρίχες] [NT+4th c.BC+]; τί λείπει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων αὐταῖ; [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; τί γάρ σοι λείπε; [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; [εἰς τὴν προκειμένην πραγματείαν] τὸ ὑφ᾽ οὗ γίνεται.. μὴ ῥηθὲν οὐ λείπει is not needed, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]infinitive, λείπει μὲν οὐδ᾽ ἃ πρόσθεν ἤδεμεν τὸ μὴ οὐ βαρύστον᾽ εἶναι nihil absunt quin.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρότασις τῆς προειρημένης λείπουσα ὑποθέσει a proposition containing less in the hypothesis than that aforesaid, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ λεῖπον what is lacking, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; esp. Grammars, to be incomplete, of a phrase, λειπούσης τῆς φράσεως [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; to be wanting, omitted, λείποντος τοῦ καί [Refs]

II.2. b of the moon, to be invisible (compare λειψιφαής), [Refs 3rd c.AD+]

II.2. c λείποντα εἴδη, in Algebra, ={λείψεις}, negative terms, [Refs 3rd c.AD+] __B passive, to be left, left behind, ἄλοχος Φυλάκῃ ἐλέλειπτο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also ὀπίσσω, μετόπισθε, κατόπισθε λ., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; παῖδες.. μετόπισθε λελειμμένοι left behind in Troy, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ λειπόμενον βίου (variant{βιοτᾶς}) [Refs 4th c.BC+] __B.b in Mathematics texts, to be subtracted: τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΦ λειφθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΑ ποιεῖ.., the square on ΔΦ subtracted from the square on ΔΑ gives.., [Refs 1st c.BC+] __B.2 remain, remain over and above, τριτάτη δ᾽ ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται [Refs 8th c.BC+] it remains, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: c.accusative et infinitive, πεπληρῶσθαί με [Refs] __B.3 remain alive, πολλοὶ δὲ λίποντο [Refs 8th c.BC+] __B.II with genitive, __B.II.1 to be left without, to be forsaken of, κτεάνων λειφθεὶς καὶ φίλων [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but στρατὸν λελειμμένον δορός which has been left by the spear, i.e. not slain, [Refs 4th c.BC+] __B.II.2 to be left behind in a race, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λελειμμένος οἰῶν lingering behind the sheep, [Refs]; λείπετ᾽.. Μενελάου δουρὸς ἐρωήν he was left a spear's throw behind Menelaus, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο he had been left behind as much as a quoit's throw,[Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοῦ κήρυκος μὴ λείπεσθαι not to lag behind the herald, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but ἀπό τινος to be left behind by one, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; λ. βασιλέος or ἀπὸ βασιλέος by the king, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λείπεσθαι τοῦ καιροῦ to be behind time, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but, λείπου μηδὲ σύ, παρθέν᾽, ἀπ᾽ οἴκων fail not [to come] from the house, i.e. follow us, uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+]: absolutely, to be left behind, be absent, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.II.3 come short of, be inferior to, τινος, like{ἐλαττοῦσθαι, ἡττᾶσθαι, ὑστερεῖσθαί τινος}, because the Verb has a comparative sense, [Refs]; οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὁποίας λείπεται τόδ᾽ ἡδονῆς falls short of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λείπεσθαί τινος ἔς τι or ἔν τινι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οὐδ᾽ ἔτι θηρὸς ἐλείπετο δερκομένοισιν, i.e. resembled.., Epic.in [Refs 5th c.BC+] the inscribed figure falls short of the circumscribed by less than.., [Refs 4th c.BC+]: with participle, οὐδὲν ἐμοῦ λείπει γιγνώσκων [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λέλειψαι τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων you come short of, understand not my plans, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: absolutely, to be defeated, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; λείπεσθαι ἐν [τῇ ἀγορανομίᾳ], Latin repulsam ferre, [Refs 1st c.AD+]participle, ἄνδρας λελειμμένους inferior men, [Refs 4th c.BC+]the poor, [Refs] __B.II.4 to be wanting or lacking in a thing, fail of or in, with genitive, ὀδυρμάτων ἐλείπετ᾽ οὐδέν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; λελ. λόγου failing to heed my word, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; μῆνας ἓξ.. λειπόμενος (i.e. τῶν εἴκοσι ἐτῶν) [Refs]; also, λ. ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι μηδ᾽ ὁρᾶν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.II.5 to be in need of, τῆς σῆς βοηθείας [Refs 5th c.BC+] leiq[uglide]-, cf. Latin li-n-quo, Sanskrit ric-, present 3rd.pers. singular ri-ṇa-k-ti 'leaves', etc.)