Ezekiel 42:4 — Word Study
WLCוְלִפְנֵ֨י הַלְּשָׁכ֜וֹת מַהֲלַךְ֩ עֶ֨שֶׂר אַמּ֥וֹת רֹ֙חַב֙ אֶל־ הַפְּנִימִ֔ית דֶּ֖רֶךְ אַמָּ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת וּפִתְחֵיהֶ֖ם לַצָּפֽוֹן׃
BSAIn frontpânîym [before, towards the presence] of the chamberslishkâh [rooms, inner spaces] [was] an inner walkwaymahălâk [interior, internal, path, passage] tenʻeser [a decade, a unit of ten] cubitsʼammâh [a measurement of length, about the length of a forearm] widerôchab and a [hundred]ʼechâd [a large quantity, numerous] cubitsʼammâh longderek [extending, stretching] Their doorspethach [entrances, openings] were on the northtsâphôwn [Zaphon, the northern direction, towards the unknown]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְלִפְנֵ֨י | and [was] before | Conjunction, preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| הַלְּשָׁכ֜וֹת | the rooms | Particle, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| מַהֲלַךְ֩ | a passage of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| עֶ֨שֶׂר | ten | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| אַמּ֥וֹת | cubits | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| רֹ֙חַב֙ | breadth | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| אֶל־ | to | Preposition |
| הַפְּנִימִ֔ית | the inner [court] | Particle |
| דֶּ֖רֶךְ | a way of | Noun common, both singular construct |
| אַמָּ֣ה | a cubit | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| אֶחָ֑ת | one | Adj |
| וּפִתְחֵיהֶ֖ם | and entrances their | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| לַצָּפֽוֹן׃ | [were] to the north | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | In front of the chambers was an inner walkway ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long. Their doors were on the north. |
| KJV | And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors toward the north. |
| ASV | And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits’ breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors were toward the north. |
| YLT | And at the front of the chambers [is] a walk of ten cubits in breadth unto the inner part, a way of one cubit, and their openings [are] at the north. |
| WEB | Before the rooms was a walk of ten cubits’ width inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors were toward the north. |
| BBE | And in front of the rooms was a walk, ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long; and their doors were facing north. |
Translations agree on the term used for the walkway, recognizing its role in the temple's design.
The sentence contains a main clause describing the walkway, with additional phrases detailing its dimensions and the location of the doors.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectמַהֲלָךְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezekiel 42:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Vision of the Templegenerated
Ezekiel 42:4 describes an inner walkway in front of the chambers of the temple, emphasizing its width and length. This passage is part of a larger vision where Ezekiel details the structure and layout of the temple complex, providing insight into its design and function. The measurements given reflect the careful planning and significance of each area within the temple, which serves as a place for worship and the presence of God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Matthew 7:14 | But small is the gate and narrow the way that leads to life, and only a few find it. |
| 2 | Luke 13:24 | “Make every effort to enter through the narrow door. For many, I tell you, will try to enter and will not be able. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מַהֲלַךְ, ma.ha.laKhgenerated
The word מַהֲלַךְ (*mahalak*) denotes a passage or walk, indicating a pathway within a structure. It is a noun that conveys the idea of movement and access, derived from the root meaning 'to walk.' In this context, it refers to the inner walkway that connects different areas of the temple, highlighting the importance of movement within sacred spaces.
This term is used in various contexts, often related to physical journeys or paths. Here, it emphasizes the design of the temple, which facilitates movement and access for worshippers, reflecting the overall purpose of the temple as a place of divine encounter.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In the Berean Standard Bible, the term used is walkway, which is consistent across translations such as the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause of the verse describes the walkway, with several noun phrases detailing its dimensions and characteristics. The structure emphasizes the walkway's function and its relation to the chambers.
The finite verb is implicit in the description, indicating the existence of the walkway. The Hebrew word order places the walkway at the forefront, underscoring its significance in the temple's layout.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מַהֲלַךְ as περίπατος, which also means a passage or walk. This choice suggests a focus on the function of the space as a pathway, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but potentially broadening its application to include a sense of movement and transition.
The Greek term carries connotations of walking and movement, which may reflect the intended use of the walkway in facilitating access within the temple.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezekiel 42:4 describes an inner walkway in front of the chambers of the temple, measuring ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long. The doors to these chambers are located to the north, indicating the layout and design of the temple complex.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The inner walkway serves as a passage that connects different chambers of the temple, facilitating movement and access for worshippers.
This verse is part of a detailed architectural description that emphasizes the careful planning and significance of the temple's layout.
Cubits are a unit of measurement used in the Bible, approximately the length of a forearm, providing a standard for describing dimensions in the construction of the temple.
The northern orientation of the doors may have symbolic significance, as well as practical implications for the layout of the temple complex.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the design of the temple tell us about the importance of worship and access to God?
- How can understanding the measurements and layout of the temple enhance our appreciation of its significance?
- In what ways can we apply the concept of pathways in our spiritual lives, seeking to draw closer to God?
- How does the orientation of spaces in the temple reflect the relationship between the sacred and the everyday?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 42:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits' breadth inward,.... That is, within side, or between the two rows of chambers, there was a walk of this breadth, for those that lodged in the
Read John Gill on Ezekiel 42 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryOver against the twenty cubits which were for the inner court, and over against the pavement which was for the utter court, was gallery against gallery in three stories. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 42 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThis row of chambers had on the south side, or inward, a walk of ten cubits broad, which my between the wall on which these chambers were built, and the twenty cubits’ space; possibly it might be some cloister, running along the wall on the inside. Before the galleries, probably, was a ledge of one cubit broad, running the whole length from east to west, called here a way, though not designed for any to walk on it: such ledges we see in many great houses. Every chamber door opened to the north; and so the entrance into these chambers was through the gallery, which looked to the pavement of the outer court.
Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 42 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzekiel 42:4 And before the chambers [was] a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors toward the north.Ver. 4. A way of one cubit.] A narrow way, but such as led them into spacious walks of ten cubits’ breadth inward. "Strait is the gate, and narrow the way, that leadeth unto life eternal"; but they that hit it, hold it, shall once walk arm in arm with angels. "Through many tribulations we must enter into God’ s kingdom"; but there God shall set our feet in a large room. We shall walk at liberty on the everlasting mountains. Let it be remembered that this narrow way is but short, it is but of one cubit, &c.
Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 42 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) A walk of ten cubits breadth inward.—The meaning of this clause depends upon that of the next, “a way of one cubit.” There is every reason to suppose here an error of the text, and that one cubit should be one hundred, as it reads in the Greek. The change requires only a transposition of the first letters in one word, and a consequent alteration of one letter in the other. Exactly the same transposition has occurred in Ezekiel 42:16, where it is corrected in the margin of the Hebrew, and properly translated “five hundred” instead of “five cubits.” One cannot conceive of a walk or an entrance of one cubit (twenty inches) serving any useful purpose. Assuming this change, the meaning will…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 42 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. A walk of ten cubits' breadth inward] This seems to have been a sort of parapet.
Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 42 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. inward] i. e. between the two wings (Fig. 3, O). Or possibly: (leading) into the inner court. a way of one cubit] A mere error of transcription for: a length of 100 cubits. So LXX., Syr. In Ezekiel 42:16 “cubit” and “hundred” (both having the same three letters) have again been confused. The doors of the chambers were to the N., i.e. opened upon this passage of 10 cubits, between the wings.
Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 42 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleOr, In the front “of the chambers” was a gangway “of ten cubits” breadth (leading) “inward,” a path “of one cubit, and their doors toward the north.” The “gangway” had stairs to the upper stories,
Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 42 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
In front of the chambers was an inner walkway ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long. Their doors were on the north.
Before the rooms was a walk of ten cubits’ width inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors were toward the north.
In front of the chambers was an inner walkway ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long. Their doors were on the north.
In front of the chambers was a walkway on the inner side, 17½ feet wide at a distance of 1¾ feet, and their entrances were on the north.
Tyndale line
And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors toward the north.
And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits’ breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors were toward the north.
And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors were toward the north.
And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors towards the north.
And before the chambers was a gallery of ten cubites wide, and within was a way of one cubite, and their doores towarde the North.
Strictly literal
and before the cells was a walk of ten cubits in breadth, [and] a way of a hundred cubits inward; and their entries were toward the north.
And at the front of the chambers [is] a walk of ten cubits in breadth unto the inner part, a way of one cubit, and their openings [are] at the north.
And at the front of the chambers [is] a walk of ten cubits in breadth to the inner part, a way of one cubit, and their openings [are] at the north.
And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits in breadth toward the inner house, a way of one cubit [in width]; and their doors were toward the north.
A passage ten cubits in width and one hundred cubits in length ran in front of the rooms. The rooms' doors were toward the north.
From the Latin
And before the chambers was a walk ten cubits broad, looking to the inner parts of a way of one cubit. And their doors were toward the north.
Simplified
In front of the rooms was an inside walkway ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long. Their doors opened to the north.
And in front of the rooms was a walk, ten cubits wide and a hundred cubits long; and their doors were facing north.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree on the wording of this verse, with 11 out of 13 words matched. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of the temple's structure and the significance of the walkway.
וְלִפְנֵ֨י הַלְּשָׁכ֜וֹת מַהֲלַךְ֩ עֶ֨שֶׂר אַמּ֥וֹת רֹ֙חַב֙ אֶל־ הַפְּנִימִ֔ית דֶּ֖רֶךְ אַמָּ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת וּפִתְחֵיהֶ֖ם לַצָּפֽוֹן׃
11 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 42:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
Conj | Prep | N-cp — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHC/R/Ncmpc
be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).
לִשְׁכָּה (lishkah) refers to a room or chamber within a building, which can serve various purposes such as storage, eating, or lodging. The word is derived from an unused root of uncertain meaning and is synonymous with terms for hall or cell. It appears in contexts related to physical spaces.
לִשְׁכָּה n.f. room, chamber, hall, cell, lishka
base
H3957 לִשְׁכָּה
3957 lishkah lish-kaw'
from an unused root of uncertain meaning; a room in a
building (whether for storage, eating, or lodging):--chamber,
parlour. Compare 5393.
see HEBREW for 05393
לִשְׁכָּה (lish.kah) — chamber.
room, chamber, hall, cell
Art | N-fp — Particle · noun common feminine plural absoluteHTd/Ncfpa
מַהֲלָךְ (mahalak) refers to a walk or journey, encompassing the concepts of walking, going, and free access. It is derived from the root meaning 'to walk' and is used in contexts such as dimensions in Ezekiel's temple and journeys from Babylon to Jerusalem. The entries suggest a focus on both physical movement and the broader idea of pathways.
[מַהֲלָךְ] n.m. walk, journey, going (late)
walk ‘of 10 cubits’ breadth before the chambers’ in Ezekiel’s temple
journey fr. Bab. to Jerusalem; of dimensions of Nineveh, a journey of three days
pl. goings, i.e. free access
base
H4109 מַהֲלָךְ, מַהְלֵךְ
4109 mahalak mah-hal-awk'
from 1980; a walk, i.e. a passage or a distance:--journey,
walk.
see HEBREW for 01980
מַהֲלָךְ (ma.ha.lakh) — journey.
1) walk, journey, going, place to walk
1a) walk
1b) journey
1c) goings, free access
Also means: mah.lekh (מַהְלֵךְ "path" H4108)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עֶשֶׂר (eser) means 'ten' in Hebrew. It is a masculine noun derived from the root related to counting, specifically indicating the number ten and its use in combination with other numbers. The Aramaic equivalent is עֲשַׂר (asar), also meaning 'ten.'
עֶשֶׂר, עֲשָׂרָה 176 n.m. and f. ten
base
H6235 עֶשֶׂר, עֲשָׂרָה ten
6235 `eser eh'ser
masculine of term aasarah {as-aw-raw'}; from 6237; ten (as an
accumulation to the extent of the digits):--ten, (fif-,
seven-)teen.
see HEBREW for 06237
עֶשֶׂר (e.ser) — ten.
1) ten
1a) ten
1b) with other numbers
Aramaic equivalent: a.sar (עֲשַׂר "ten" H6236)
Adj — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
אַמָּה (ammah) primarily means 'cubit,' a unit of measure roughly equivalent to 18 inches or 0.5 meters, derived from the word for 'mother' or 'forearm.' It can also refer to a foundation or base, as noted in Isaiah 6:4. The lexicons mention different types of cubits used in the Old Testament, including the common cubit and the legal cubit.
אַמָּה 246 n.f. ell, cubit
cubit
† measure, full measure, limit
base
[אַמָּה] n.f. (etym. & mng. dub.; Thes foundation) only Is 6:4.
ref
H520a אַמָּה ell, cubit H520b אַמָּה
520 'ammah am-maw'
prolonged from 517; properly, a mother (i.e. unit of measure,
or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e. a cubit; also a
door-base (as a bond of the entrance):--cubit, + hundred (by
exchange for 3967), measure, post.
see HEBREW for 0517
see HEBREW for 03967
אַמָּה (am.mah) — cubit.
cubit-a measure of distance (the forearm), roughly 18 in (. 5m). There are several cubits used in the OT, the cubit of a man or common cubit (De 3:11), the legal cubit or cubit of the sanctuary (Eze 40:5) plus others. See a Bible Dictionary for a complete treatment.
Aramaic equivalent: am.mah (אַמָּה "cubit" H0521)
אַמָּה (am.mah) — foundation.
foundation
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
רֹ֫חַב (rochab) refers to width or breadth, encompassing both literal and figurative uses. It is derived from the root word meaning to be wide. The term appears in various contexts, indicating expanse or largeness.
רֹ֫חַב 101 n.[m.] breadth, width
base
H7341 רֹ֫חַב breadth, width
7341 rochab ro'-khab
from 7337; width (literally or figuratively):--breadth,
broad, largeness, thickness, wideness.
see HEBREW for 07337
רֹ֫חַב (ro.chav) — width.
breadth, width, expanse
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
bredth (rochabh, the root idea being to make wide, spacious): A term of expanse or measurement used of the ark (Ge 6:15); of the tabernacle (Ex 27:13); of Solomon's temple (1Ki 6:2). platos, "breadth," as of the celestial city (Re 21:16). Figuratively, of the comprehensiveness of God's law (Ps 119:96); of the heart (1Ki 4:29, rendered "largeness of heart" English Versions); of God's immeasurable love (Eph 3:18).
The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.
אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),
prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place
Where the limit is actually entered, into
Of direction towards anything
Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
Of rule or standard according to (rare)
Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
base
H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place
. Where the limit is actually entered, into
. Of direction towards anything
. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
. Of rule or standard according to (rare)
. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
413 'el ale
(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});
a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but
occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or
among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,
against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,
by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,
over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,
with(-in).
אֶל (el) — to(wards).
1) to, toward, unto (of motion)
2) into (limit is actually entered)
2a) in among
3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)
4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)
5) in addition to, to
6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of
7) according to (rule or standard)
8) at, by, against (of one's presence)
9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
HR — PrepositionHR
פְּנִימִי (pniymiy) means 'inner' or 'interior.' It is derived from the root word פָּנָה (panah), which relates to being within or inward. The term is used to describe something that is located inside or inwardly directed.
פְּנִימִי 32 adj. inner
base
H6442 פְּנִימִי
6442 pniymiy pen-ee-mee'
from 6440; interior:--(with-)in(-ner, - ward).
see HEBREW for 06440
פְּנִימִי (pe.ni.mi) — inner.
inner
HTd/Aafsa — ParticleHTd/Aafsa
kort.
See HOUSE.
Court
The enclosure of the tabernacle (Ex. 27:9-19; 40:8), of the temple (1 Kings 6:36), of a prison (Neh. 3:25), of a private house (2 Sam. 17:18), and of a king’s palace (2 Kings 20:4).
(Heb. chatser), an open enclosure surrounded by buildings, applied in the Authorized Version most commonly to the enclosures of the tabernacle and the temple. (Exodus 27:9; 40:33; Leviticus 6:16; 1 Kings 6:36; 7:8; 2 Kings 23:12; 2 Chronicles 33:5) etc.
An enclosed space or yard within the limits of an oriental house, 2Sa 17:18. For the courts of the temple, see TEMPLE. The tabernacle also had a court. All oriental houses are built in the form of a hollow spare around a court. See HOUSE.
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (derek) means way, road, or journey, and can refer to both literal paths and figurative courses of life or actions. It encompasses various aspects such as direction, manner, and moral character, often highlighting the nature of one's conduct. The term is used in both positive and negative contexts, reflecting the moral implications of one's path.
דֶּ֫רֶךְ 715 n.m. way, road, distance, journey, manner
way, road, path
journey
of direction, almost or quite = toward
way, manner
fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
of moral action and character
of duty
specif.: in good sense
oftener in bad sense
way of י׳
base
H1870 דֶּ֫רֶךְ way, road, distance, journey, manner . way, road, path
. journey
. of direction, almost or quite = toward
. way, manner
. fig. of course of life, or action, undertakings
. . of moral action and character
. of duty
. specif.: in good sense
. oftener in bad sense
. way of י׳
1870 derek deh'-rek
from 1869; a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of
life or mode of action, often adverb:--along, away, because
of, + by, conversation, custom, (east-)ward, journey, manner,
passenger, through, toward, (high-) (path-)way(-side),
whither(-soever).
see HEBREW for 01869
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: conduct.
: conduct/lifestyle
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — Way.
This name means way, road
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — (King's) Highway.
This name means way, road
Combined with me.lekh (מֶ֫לֶךְ "King's" H4428I)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: direction.
: direction
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: road.
: road/route
1) way, road, distance, journey, manner
1a) road, way, path
1b) journey
1c) direction
1d) manner, habit, way
1e) of course of life (fig.)
1f) of moral character (fig.)
דֶּ֫רֶךְ (de.rekh) — way: journey.
: journey
N-cs — Noun common · both singular constructHNcbsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אַמָּה (ammah) primarily means 'cubit,' a unit of measure roughly equivalent to 18 inches or 0.5 meters, derived from the word for 'mother' or 'forearm.' It can also refer to a foundation or base, as noted in Isaiah 6:4. The lexicons mention different types of cubits used in the Old Testament, including the common cubit and the legal cubit.
אַמָּה 246 n.f. ell, cubit
cubit
† measure, full measure, limit
base
[אַמָּה] n.f. (etym. & mng. dub.; Thes foundation) only Is 6:4.
ref
H520a אַמָּה ell, cubit H520b אַמָּה
520 'ammah am-maw'
prolonged from 517; properly, a mother (i.e. unit of measure,
or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e. a cubit; also a
door-base (as a bond of the entrance):--cubit, + hundred (by
exchange for 3967), measure, post.
see HEBREW for 0517
see HEBREW for 03967
אַמָּה (am.mah) — cubit.
cubit-a measure of distance (the forearm), roughly 18 in (. 5m). There are several cubits used in the OT, the cubit of a man or common cubit (De 3:11), the legal cubit or cubit of the sanctuary (Eze 40:5) plus others. See a Bible Dictionary for a complete treatment.
Aramaic equivalent: am.mah (אַמָּה "cubit" H0521)
אַמָּה (am.mah) — foundation.
foundation
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
ku'-bit ('ammah; pechus): The standard for measures of length among the Hebrews. They derived it from the Babylonians, but a similar measure was used in Egypt with which they must have been familiar. The length of the cubit is variously estimated, since there seems to have been a double standard in both countries, and because we have no undisputed example of the cubit remaining to the present time. The original cubit was the length of the forearm, from the elbow to the end of the middle finger, as is implied from the derivation of the word in Hebrew and in Latin (cubitum). It seems to be referred to also in De 3:11: "after the cubit of a man." But this was too indefinite for a scientific standard, and the Babylonians early adopted a more accurate method of measurement which passed to the nations of the West. They had a double…
Cubit
Heb. ‘ammah; i.e., “mother of the arm,” the fore-arm, is a word derived from the Latin cubitus, the lower arm. It is difficult to determine the exact length of this measure, from the uncertainty whether it included the entire length from the elbow to the tip of the longest finger, or only from the elbow to the root of the hand at the wrist. The probability is that the longer was the original cubit. The common computation as to the length of the cubit makes it 20.24 inches for the ordinary cubit, and 21.888 inches for the sacred one. This is the same as the Egyptian measurements.
A rod or staff the measure of a cubit is called in Judg. 3:16 gomed, which literally means a “cut,” something “cut off.” The LXX. and Vulgate render it “span.”
[WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND MEASURES]
A measure used among the ancients. A cubit was originally the distance from the elbow to the extremity of the middle finger, which is the fourth part of a well-proportioned man’s stature. The Hebrew cubit, according to some, is twenty-one inches; but others fix it at eighteen. The Talmudists observe that the Hebrew cubit was larger by one quarter than the Roman.
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Adj — AdjHAcfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.
פֶּ֫תַח (pethach) refers to an opening, such as a doorway or entrance. It is derived from a root meaning to open and encompasses terms like gate and entrance way. The entries consistently highlight its literal and figurative uses, but do not provide specific verse references.
פֶּ֫תַח 164 n.m. opening, doorway, entrance
base
H6607 פֶּ֫תַח opening, doorway, entrance
6607 pethach peh'-thakh
from 6605; an opening (literally), i.e. door (gate) or
entrance way:--door, entering (in), entrance (-ry), gate,
opening, place.
see HEBREW for 06605
פֶּ֫תַח (pe.tach) — entrance.
opening, doorway, entrance
Conj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
צָפוֹן (tsaphown) means 'north' and is derived from a root meaning 'hidden' or 'dark.' It is used specifically to refer to the northern direction, often associated with gloominess and the unknown. The term also appears in the context of a name, 'Zaphon,' which similarly denotes the north.
צָפוֹן 153 n.f. north (as the hidden, dark)
base
H6828 צָפוֹן north
6828 tsaphown tsaw-fone'
or tsaphon {tsaw-fone'}; from 6845; properly, hidden, i.e.
dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and
unknown):--north(-ern, side, -ward, wind).
see HEBREW for 06845
צָפוֹן (tsa.phon) — north.
1) north (of direction), northward
1a) north
1b) northward
צָפוֹן (tsa.phon) — Zaphon.
This name means north
Also named: tsa.phon (צָפוֹן "Zaphon" H6829)
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
See EAST. The Babylonians and Assyrians are represented as coming from "the north," because they invaded Israel by a northern route in order to avoid the desert, Jer 1:14 46:6,24 Zep 2:13. "Fair weather," says Job, or golden weather, "cometh out of the north," Job 37:22. This is as true in Syria and Arabia now as it was three thousand years ago. A traveler there remarks, "Our friends, who have been long residents, informed us that we should have fair weather for our start on the morrow, as the wind was from the north."
"... And so we have found it come to pass that the clouds of a golden hue always followed upon a north wind, and indicated a clear day; and as in the times of the Savior, we could always say when it was evening…