Romans 6:3
Verse
Context
Dead to Sin, Alive to God
2Certainly not! How can we who died to sin live in it any longer?3Or aren’t you aware that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death?4We were therefore buried with Him through baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, we too may walk in newness of life.
Sermons







Summary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Know ye not, etc. - Every man who believes the Christian religion, and receives baptism as the proof that he believes it, and has taken up the profession of it, is bound thereby to a life of righteousness. To be baptized into Christ, is to receive the doctrine of Christ crucified, and to receive baptism as a proof of the genuineness of that faith, and the obligation to live according to its precepts. Baptized into his death? - That, as Jesus Christ in his crucifixion died completely, so that no spark of the natural or animal life remained in his body, so those who profess his religion should be so completely separated and saved from sin, that they have no more connection with it, nor any more influence from it, than a dead man has with or from his departed spirit.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ--compare Co1 10:2. were baptized into his death?--sealed with the seal of heaven, and as it were formally entered and articled, to all the benefits and all the obligations of Christian discipleship in general, and of His death in particular. And since He was "made sin" and "a curse for us" (Co2 5:21; Gal 5:13), "bearing our sins in His own body on the tree," and "rising again for our justification" (Rom 4:25; Pe1 2:24), our whole sinful case and condition, thus taken up into His Person, has been brought to an end in His death. Whoso, then, has been baptized into Christ's death has formally surrendered the whole state and life of sin, as in Christ a dead thing. He has sealed himself to be not only "the righteousness of God in Him," but "a new creature"; and as he cannot be in Christ to the one effect and not to the other, for they are one thing, he has bidden farewell, by baptism into Christ's death, to his entire connection with sin. "How," then, "can he live any longer therein?" The two things are as contradictory in the fact as they are in the terms.
John Gill Bible Commentary
Know ye not that so many of us as, You must know this, you cannot be ignorant of it, that whoever were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized into his death: and therefore must be dead to sin, and consequently ought not to live, nor can they live in sin. This does not suppose, that some of this church were baptized persons, and others not; but that some might be baptized in water who were not baptized into Christ: there is a difference between being baptized in water in the name of Christ, and being baptized into Christ, which believers in their baptism are; by which is meant, not a being brought by it into union with Christ, which is either secretly from eternity, or openly at conversion, and both before the baptism of true believers; nor a being brought by it into the mystical body of Christ the church, for this also is before it; but rather it designs a being baptized, or a being brought by baptism into more communion with Christ, into a participation of his grace and benefits; or into the doctrine of Christ, and a more distinct knowledge of it: the power of which they feel upon their hearts, and so have really believed in Christ, heartily love him, and make a sincere profession of him; though rather the true meaning of the phrase "baptized into Christ", I take to be, is to be baptized purely for the sake of Christ, in imitation of him, who has set us an example, and because baptism is an ordinance of his; it is to submit to it with a view to his glory, to testify our affection for him, and subjection to him, without laying any stress or dependence on it for salvation; such who are thus baptized, are "baptized into his death"; they not only resemble Christ in his sufferings and death, by being immersed in water, but they declare their faith in the death of Christ, and also share in the benefits of his death; such as peace, pardon, righteousness, and atonement: now this proves, that such persons are dead to sin, who are so baptized; for by the death of Christ, into which they are baptized, they are justified from sin; by the death of Christ, their old man is crucified, and the body of sin destroyed; besides, believers in baptism profess themselves to be dead to sin and the world, and their baptism is an obligation upon them to live unto righteousness.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
6:3 Baptism is the rite of initiation into the Christian faith (see Acts 2:38, 41). It sometimes symbolizes the entire conversion experience, so Paul refers to baptism as the means through which believers are joined to Christ in his death and resurrection (see also Rom 6:4). However, baptism has no value apart from faith.
Romans 6:3
Dead to Sin, Alive to God
2Certainly not! How can we who died to sin live in it any longer?3Or aren’t you aware that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death?4We were therefore buried with Him through baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, we too may walk in newness of life.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
Dead to Sin
By Don McClure3.2K46:04ROM 5:1ROM 5:9ROM 6:3ROM 6:6ROM 6:9ROM 6:16In this sermon, the preacher begins by reminding the audience of their standing in Jesus Christ, emphasizing that they are brought in and introduced as royalty to God through Jesus. Moving into Romans chapter 6, the preacher highlights the importance of knowing certain truths in order to be free from sin. These truths include understanding one's baptism, crucifixion, resurrection, and obligation. The preacher emphasizes that sin is the greatest problem in the world and in our own lives, and provides guidance on how to deal with it based on the teachings of Paul in Romans 6.
The Baptism of the Spirit
By L.E. Maxwell2.8K59:19MAT 3:11MRK 1:8LUK 3:16JHN 1:33ACT 1:5ACT 10:44ROM 6:3In this sermon, the speaker discusses the importance of the Holy Ghost and its manifestation through speaking in tongues. He refers to the story of Peter and the Gentiles in Acts 10, where the Holy Ghost fell on them just as it did on the disciples at Pentecost. The speaker emphasizes that the Holy Ghost is not limited to a specific group of people, but is available to all who believe. He also mentions the revival in Samaria and the need for the Holy Ghost to be implanted in believers for true transformation.
The Spirit Filled Life Annointing Baptism & Fullness
By Kenneth Wuest2.1K40:04Spirit Filled LifeHoly Spirit's ControlLUK 4:18JHN 7:37JHN 14:16ACT 19:2ROM 6:31CO 12:13EPH 5:18PHP 2:1JAS 4:51JN 2:20Kenneth Wuest emphasizes the significance of living a spirit-filled life, clarifying that it is rooted in sound doctrine rather than emotion. He distinguishes between the anointing with the Spirit, the baptism by the Spirit, and the fullness of the Spirit, explaining that the anointing places the Holy Spirit in the believer, while baptism places the believer in Christ. Wuest highlights that the fullness of the Spirit refers to the ongoing control of the Holy Spirit over the believer's life, which requires a conscious desire and trust in the Spirit. He concludes that living a Spirit-controlled life involves cooperation with the Holy Spirit through prayer, study of the Word, and active faith. Ultimately, the message encourages believers to seek a deeper relationship with the Holy Spirit for a victorious Christian life.
The Church Today Asleep & in Bondage #5
By Milton Green9401:44:16ROM 6:3This sermon emphasizes the importance of understanding our covenant with the Lord and the need to walk in the light of His truth. It addresses the deception that can hinder believers and the power of grace to empower us to live according to God's Word. The message highlights the significance of being led by the Spirit to put to death the deeds of the flesh and the transformation that occurs when we choose to align with God's will.
Acts 2:37-42
By Gerry Covenhoven88246:34JHN 3:27ACT 8:38ACT 9:17ACT 16:30ACT 22:15ROM 6:3In this sermon, the preacher discusses the importance of immediate baptism for believers. He references the story of the jailor in Acts chapter 16, who asked Paul and Silas what he must do to be saved. They told him to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and he and his household were immediately baptized. The preacher emphasizes that baptism is a crucial step in receiving the remission of sins and the Holy Spirit. He also mentions other instances in the Bible where believers were baptized immediately upon conversion. The sermon concludes by noting that while verse 37 is found in the King James authorized version, it is not present in modern translations.
Subduing Your Greatest Enemy
By John Ray Nolt8421:19:40ROM 6:3ROM 7:18ROM 8:1In this sermon, the speaker addresses the audience's personal experiences and challenges in living according to the law of sin and death or the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus. He emphasizes that those who are in Christ Jesus are not condemned and encourages the listeners to walk in the Spirit rather than in the flesh. The speaker then discusses the role of the Old Testament law and how it was weak through the flesh. He highlights the significance of God sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh to condemn sin in the flesh. The sermon concludes with a call to look to Jesus for freedom and deliverance from the law of sin and death, and to walk in the spirit of life in Christ Jesus.
Joshua (Part 9): The Stance of Victory
By Richard Sipley57340:04ROM 6:3In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of David and Goliath from 1 Samuel 17. He highlights Goliath's self-confidence and arrogance, as he belittles David and boasts about his own abilities. The preacher then contrasts this with the concept of relying on God's strength and presence, as exemplified by the weak men who accomplished great things for God throughout history. The sermon also references 1 John 4:17, emphasizing the idea that as Christ is, so are believers in this world. The preacher concludes by discussing Joshua's command to the army commanders to put their feet on the necks of the defeated kings, symbolizing victory over their enemies through the power of the Lord.
Go Therefore - Part 4
By Erlo Stegen55909:48MAT 28:19ROM 6:3This sermon emphasizes the profound significance of baptizing believers into the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, not just in water but into the very character and nature of God. It highlights the importance of teaching and guiding individuals to obey all that Jesus has commanded, stressing that true transformation occurs when one is baptized into God Himself, enabling them to live according to His will and character.
Crucified With Christ
By Aaron Hurst31254:02Deeper LifePSA 37:4MAT 6:33ROM 6:3ROM 10:14ROM 10:17GAL 2:20GAL 5:24In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of having faith in God and surrendering ourselves to Him. He highlights the freedom that comes from giving control to Jesus and escaping the burdensome cages of life. The preacher encourages the congregation to hold fast to their faith without wavering, reminding them of God's faithfulness and His promise to provide a way of escape in times of temptation. The sermon also emphasizes the power of the Word of God in strengthening our faith and overcoming unbelief, using examples from the Bible such as Abraham's unwavering belief in God's promises.
The Baptism of the Spirit
By G. Campbell Morgan0RegenerationBaptism Of The SpiritJHN 3:5ACT 1:5ROM 6:3G. Campbell Morgan emphasizes the true meaning of the baptism of the Spirit, clarifying that it is synonymous with regeneration and not a second blessing as often misunderstood. He explains that the baptism of the Spirit occurs at the moment of conversion, marking the believer's entrance into a new life in Christ, while the filling of the Spirit is a subsequent experience. Morgan stresses the importance of understanding these distinctions to avoid misconceptions that can hinder spiritual growth. He argues that every believer is a temple of the Holy Spirit from the moment of their new birth, and that waiting for the Spirit is a misunderstanding of God's readiness to bless. Ultimately, he calls for a recognition of the miraculous nature of regeneration and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit in every believer.
Readings on Joshua 2
By John Nelson Darby0Spiritual WarfareIdentification with ChristROM 6:3John Nelson Darby explores the significance of crossing the Jordan River as a metaphor for the believer's identification with Christ's death and resurrection. He emphasizes that true spiritual progress requires recognizing oneself as dead to sin and the world, which is essential for entering into the fullness of life in Christ. The sermon also discusses the importance of returning to Gilgal for spiritual renewal and the necessity of being set apart for God to effectively engage in spiritual warfare. Darby highlights that understanding our position in Christ is crucial for overcoming the challenges of life and maintaining a pure walk with God.
Captivity Turned - Pentecost
By G.W. North0Holy SpiritRedemptionISA 43:1ACT 2:4ROM 6:3G.W. North emphasizes that true redemption is made effective through the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, paralleling the experience of ancient Israel in Babylon with the promise of salvation. He explains that baptism in the Spirit is essential for experiencing redemption in Christ, as it connects believers to the death and resurrection of Jesus. The sermon highlights that the Holy Spirit acts as the Comforter, facilitating this baptism and ensuring that believers are fully immersed in Christ's redemptive life. North draws on biblical examples, particularly from Isaiah, to illustrate that redemption is contingent upon the Spirit's outpouring, which is necessary for liberation from captivity and sin. Ultimately, he asserts that the experience of redemption available to believers today surpasses that of the Israelites in the past, as it is rooted in the complete work of Christ at Calvary and the subsequent gift of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.
Baptized Into Christ
By G.W. North0BaptismTransformation in ChristROM 6:3G.W. North emphasizes the transformative experience of being baptized into Christ, as exemplified by Saul of Tarsus, who, after his encounter with Christ on the Damascus road, was baptized in the Spirit and transitioned from death to life. This baptism is essential for anyone seeking to live in the Spirit and be free from the law of sin and death, as it brings about a profound change in one's nature and life. North explains that true eternal life can only be experienced through this spiritual baptism, which aligns one's entire being with the law of the Spirit. He illustrates this principle by referencing the miraculous conception of Jesus, highlighting the cooperation between divine and human laws in bringing forth the Savior. Ultimately, the sermon underscores that without this baptism, one cannot fully realize or live out the eternal life offered in Christ.
Baptized Into Christ's Death
By Erlo Stegen0BaptismNew Life in ChristROM 6:3Erlo Stegen emphasizes the profound significance of being baptized into Christ's death, illustrating that this baptism transcends mere water baptism and symbolizes our union with Christ in His suffering and resurrection. He draws parallels between the experiences of the disciples and the transformative power of recognizing our identity in Christ, urging believers to see the spiritual reality of being immersed in Him. Stegen warns against allowing sin to reign in our lives, reminding us that our actions should reflect our new life in Christ, as we are called to live righteously and not fulfill the desires of the flesh. He highlights the importance of understanding the grace of salvation and the consequences of rejecting it, encouraging a life that honors the sacrifice of Jesus. Ultimately, the sermon calls for a deep reflection on our relationship with Christ and the implications of our baptism into His death.
Into His Name
By G.W. North0BaptismThe Name of JesusMAT 28:19ACT 2:38ACT 10:48ROM 6:3G.W. North emphasizes the significance of baptism in the name of Jesus, contrasting it with John the Baptist's ministry, which was limited to water baptism for the remission of sins. He explains that while John baptized in the Jordan River, he did not know Jesus and therefore did not baptize in His name. North illustrates that Christian baptism represents a deeper spiritual reality, where believers are baptized into the person of Jesus, signifying a profound connection with Him. The sermon highlights the transition from John's baptism to the Christian practice, which embodies the triune God and the fullness of the Holy Spirit. Ultimately, North calls for a deeper understanding of the purpose and meaning behind baptism in the name of Jesus.
A Defence of a Book Entitled, the Ancient Mode of Baptizing by Immersion, Plunging, or Dipping Into Water, &C.
By John Gill0Immersion vs. SprinklingBaptismMAT 3:6MAT 3:16ACT 8:38ROM 6:3John Gill defends the ancient practice of baptism by immersion against Mr. Matthias Maurice's claims that it is not scriptural. He critiques Maurice's arguments, highlighting the importance of scriptural evidence and the historical context of baptism as performed by John, Christ, and the apostles. Gill emphasizes that the original Greek word for baptism signifies immersion, and he provides various biblical examples to support his stance. He also addresses the theological implications of baptism, asserting that it represents the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ. Ultimately, Gill argues for the necessity of immersion as the proper mode of baptism, countering Maurice's assertions with scriptural and historical evidence.
The Three-Fold Law of the Cross
By T. Austin-Sparks0The CrossSurrender and SacrificeJHN 12:24ROM 6:3GAL 2:20COL 2:12T. Austin-Sparks expounds on 'The Three-Fold Law of the Cross,' illustrating that true life comes through death, liberty through surrender, and enlargement through loss. He emphasizes that Christ's life is not confined to His earthly ministry but continues to thrive post-resurrection, demonstrating that believers must also embrace the Cross to experience the fullness of His life. Sparks highlights the necessity of dying to self and worldly ambitions to allow Christ's resurrection power to manifest in our lives. He encourages surrendering our desires and understanding that true freedom and growth come from yielding to God's will, even when it requires significant sacrifice. Ultimately, he reassures that through loss, we gain a richer, more profound relationship with God and His eternal purposes.
The Only Way Into Union With Christ.
By Watchman Nee0The CrossUnion with ChristJHN 12:32JHN 15:5ROM 6:32CO 3:6PHP 3:10Watchman Nee emphasizes that true union with Christ cannot be achieved without a continual application of His death in our lives. He argues that many believers misunderstand the relationship between the Cross and the risen Christ, believing they can bypass the Cross to experience a deeper union. Nee highlights that the Spirit of Christ is intrinsically linked to Calvary, and that to truly abide in Christ, one must share in His death. He warns against the deception of seeking a life of union without acknowledging the necessity of the Cross, asserting that true victory over sin and spiritual life comes from this union. Ultimately, he calls believers to a deeper understanding and experience of the Cross as essential for spiritual growth and power.
Form and Substance
By A.W. Tozer0DiscipleshipSpiritual UnderstandingMAT 23:23ROM 6:3A.W. Tozer emphasizes the danger of literalism in discipleship, where individuals adhere strictly to the letter of the law while neglecting its deeper spiritual meaning. He critiques the Pharisees for their focus on minor rituals like tithing herbs, while ignoring the essential principles of justice, mercy, and faith. Tozer warns that this approach leads to a superficial faith that fails to recognize the Lordship of Christ and the true essence of discipleship, which requires self-denial and a genuine commitment to follow Jesus. He argues that without understanding the inward meaning of Christ's teachings, believers risk building their faith on a shaky foundation. Ultimately, Tozer calls for a deeper engagement with Scripture that transcends mere external compliance.
Humility and Death to Self
By Andrew Murray0Death To SelfHumilityROM 6:3PHP 2:8Andrew Murray emphasizes that true humility is essential for dying to self, as exemplified by Jesus, who humbled Himself to the point of death. He explains that humility is the root from which the fruit of death to self grows, and that through this process, believers can experience the fullness of life in God. Murray encourages Christians to embrace humility as a means of surrendering to God, allowing the Holy Spirit to work within them to manifest the death and resurrection of Christ in their lives. He warns against the pitfalls of self-reliance and encourages a deep dependence on God to achieve true humility and spiritual growth. Ultimately, he asserts that the path to true life in Christ is paved with humility and the acceptance of one's own nothingness before God.
Baptism—a Burial
By C.H. Spurgeon0BaptismUnion with ChristROM 6:3C.H. Spurgeon emphasizes that baptism symbolizes the burial of believers with Christ, representing both a doctrinal truth and a personal experience of union with Him. He argues that true baptism signifies acceptance of Christ's death and burial on our behalf, and it serves as a public declaration of our identification with Him. Spurgeon highlights that through baptism, believers acknowledge their own death to sin and their new life in Christ, which should manifest in a transformed lifestyle. He encourages Christians to live out their faith actively, reflecting the newness of life that comes from being raised with Christ. Ultimately, Spurgeon calls for a deeper understanding of baptism's significance, urging believers to embrace their identity in Christ and live accordingly.
The Christian Sacraments
By Olin Alfred Curtis0MAT 28:19MRK 14:22JHN 6:53ACT 2:38ROM 6:31CO 6:111CO 10:161CO 11:231CO 12:13TIT 3:4Olin Alfred Curtis delves into the significance of Christian sacraments, emphasizing their personal intention, symbol of grace, and means of grace. Each sacrament serves as a token of personal Christian intention, symbolizing events in grace such as regeneration and redemptional union with Christ, and acting as a means to open up one's inner life to the Spirit of God for Christian growth. The discussion also touches on the number of sacraments, the formula of Christian baptism, the mode of baptism, and the mystical experience of communion in the Lord's Supper.
United in Justification
By Michael Durham0ROM 1:3ROM 4:25ROM 6:3ROM 6:6ROM 8:341TI 3:16HEB 4:16Michael Durham preaches on the profound impact of our union with Christ in His death and resurrection. Through our identification with Jesus, we have died to sin and are no longer enslaved by its power. Just as we are united in His death, we are also united in His resurrection, experiencing newness of life. The resurrection of Jesus is not only His justification but also ours, as God declared Him righteous and now extends that righteousness to us. This truth liberates us from guilt, shame, self-righteousness, judgmentalism, and the need to earn salvation through our own efforts, as we now have the resurrected Jesus living in us, guiding us in sanctification.
Baptism Is Right, Like Christ Taught It.
By Ausbund0MAT 3:13ACT 22:16ROM 6:3COL 2:121PE 3:21Jorg Wagner preaches about the importance of baptism as taught by Christ, emphasizing that when the order of baptism is not perverted, it symbolizes His bitter death. He explains that baptism represents the washing away of our sins and the reception of grace through this act.
Be Subject to the Bishop
By Ignatius of Antioch0ROM 6:3EPH 5:221TI 3:81PE 5:5Ignatius of Antioch emphasizes the importance of being subject to the bishop and living according to Jesus Christ, who died for believers to be partakers of His resurrection through baptism. He urges the congregation to do everything under the guidance of the bishop and to submit to the presbytery as representatives of Jesus Christ. Ignatius also highlights the role of deacons as ministers of the mysteries of Christ, emphasizing their responsibility to serve the Church of God and avoid any accusations against them.
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Know ye not, etc. - Every man who believes the Christian religion, and receives baptism as the proof that he believes it, and has taken up the profession of it, is bound thereby to a life of righteousness. To be baptized into Christ, is to receive the doctrine of Christ crucified, and to receive baptism as a proof of the genuineness of that faith, and the obligation to live according to its precepts. Baptized into his death? - That, as Jesus Christ in his crucifixion died completely, so that no spark of the natural or animal life remained in his body, so those who profess his religion should be so completely separated and saved from sin, that they have no more connection with it, nor any more influence from it, than a dead man has with or from his departed spirit.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ--compare Co1 10:2. were baptized into his death?--sealed with the seal of heaven, and as it were formally entered and articled, to all the benefits and all the obligations of Christian discipleship in general, and of His death in particular. And since He was "made sin" and "a curse for us" (Co2 5:21; Gal 5:13), "bearing our sins in His own body on the tree," and "rising again for our justification" (Rom 4:25; Pe1 2:24), our whole sinful case and condition, thus taken up into His Person, has been brought to an end in His death. Whoso, then, has been baptized into Christ's death has formally surrendered the whole state and life of sin, as in Christ a dead thing. He has sealed himself to be not only "the righteousness of God in Him," but "a new creature"; and as he cannot be in Christ to the one effect and not to the other, for they are one thing, he has bidden farewell, by baptism into Christ's death, to his entire connection with sin. "How," then, "can he live any longer therein?" The two things are as contradictory in the fact as they are in the terms.
John Gill Bible Commentary
Know ye not that so many of us as, You must know this, you cannot be ignorant of it, that whoever were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized into his death: and therefore must be dead to sin, and consequently ought not to live, nor can they live in sin. This does not suppose, that some of this church were baptized persons, and others not; but that some might be baptized in water who were not baptized into Christ: there is a difference between being baptized in water in the name of Christ, and being baptized into Christ, which believers in their baptism are; by which is meant, not a being brought by it into union with Christ, which is either secretly from eternity, or openly at conversion, and both before the baptism of true believers; nor a being brought by it into the mystical body of Christ the church, for this also is before it; but rather it designs a being baptized, or a being brought by baptism into more communion with Christ, into a participation of his grace and benefits; or into the doctrine of Christ, and a more distinct knowledge of it: the power of which they feel upon their hearts, and so have really believed in Christ, heartily love him, and make a sincere profession of him; though rather the true meaning of the phrase "baptized into Christ", I take to be, is to be baptized purely for the sake of Christ, in imitation of him, who has set us an example, and because baptism is an ordinance of his; it is to submit to it with a view to his glory, to testify our affection for him, and subjection to him, without laying any stress or dependence on it for salvation; such who are thus baptized, are "baptized into his death"; they not only resemble Christ in his sufferings and death, by being immersed in water, but they declare their faith in the death of Christ, and also share in the benefits of his death; such as peace, pardon, righteousness, and atonement: now this proves, that such persons are dead to sin, who are so baptized; for by the death of Christ, into which they are baptized, they are justified from sin; by the death of Christ, their old man is crucified, and the body of sin destroyed; besides, believers in baptism profess themselves to be dead to sin and the world, and their baptism is an obligation upon them to live unto righteousness.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
6:3 Baptism is the rite of initiation into the Christian faith (see Acts 2:38, 41). It sometimes symbolizes the entire conversion experience, so Paul refers to baptism as the means through which believers are joined to Christ in his death and resurrection (see also Rom 6:4). However, baptism has no value apart from faith.