Psalms 89:39
Psalms 89:39 in Multiple Translations
You have renounced the covenant with Your servant and sullied his crown in the dust.
Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant: thou hast profaned his crown by casting it to the ground.
Thou hast abhorred the covenant of thy servant: Thou hast profaned his crown by casting it to the ground.
You have made your agreement with your servant of no effect: you have had no respect for his crown, it has come down even to the earth.
You have broken the agreement you had with him; you have thrown his crown to the ground!
Thou hast broken the couenant of thy seruant, and profaned his crowne, casting it on the ground.
Hast rejected the covenant of Thy servant, Thou hast polluted to the earth his crown,
You have renounced the covenant of your servant. You have defiled his crown in the dust.
Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant: thou hast profaned his crown by casting it to the ground.
It seems that you have broken the agreement that you made with your servant, David; it seems as though you have signaled that he is no longer the king by throwing his crown into the dust/dirt.
Berean Amplified Bible — Psalms 89:39
BAB
Word Study
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Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Psalms 89:39 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/אַתָּ֣ה
זָ֭נַחְתָּ
וַ/תִּמְאָ֑ס
הִ֝תְעַבַּ֗רְתָּ
עִם
מְשִׁיחֶֽ/ךָ
וְ/אַתָּ֣ה
ʼattâh
H859
you(m.s.)
Conj | Pron
זָ֭נַחְתָּ
zânach
H2186
to reject
V-Qal-Perf-2ms
וַ/תִּמְאָ֑ס
mâʼaç
H3988
to reject
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-2ms
הִ֝תְעַבַּ֗רְתָּ
ʻâbar
H5674
to pass
V-Hithpael-Perf-2ms
עִם
ʻim
H5973
with
Prep
מְשִׁיחֶֽ/ךָ
mâshîyach
H4899
anointed
N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Psalms 89:39
וְ/אַתָּ֣ה
ʼattâh
H859
"you(m.s.)"
Conj | Pron
You is the translation of a Hebrew word used to address someone directly, like when God says you to someone in the Bible. It can be singular or plural, and is often translated as thee, thou, or ye.
Definition: you (second pers. sing. masc.)
Usage: Occurs in 997 OT verses. KJV: thee, thou, ye, you. See also: Genesis 3:11; Exodus 23:9; Deuteronomy 14:1.
זָ֭נַחְתָּ
zânach
H2186
"to reject"
V-Qal-Perf-2ms
To stink or be rejected is the meaning of this Hebrew word. It's used in the Bible to describe something that's disgusting or unwanted, like in the book of Psalm 38:5. The KJV translates it as 'cast away' or 'remove far away'.
Definition: 1) to cast off, reject, spurn 1a) (Qal) to reject 1b) (Hiphil) to forcefully reject someone
Usage: Occurs in 20 OT verses. KJV: cast away (off), remove far away (off). See also: 1 Chronicles 28:9; Psalms 88:15; Psalms 43:2.
וַ/תִּמְאָ֑ס
mâʼaç
H3988
"to reject"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-2ms
To spurn or reject something is what this Hebrew word means. In Genesis 37:35, it is used to describe how Jacob felt when his sons told him Joseph had died.
Definition: 1) to reject, despise, refuse 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to reject, refuse 1a2) to despise 1b) (Niphal) to be rejected
Usage: Occurs in 69 OT verses. KJV: abhor, cast away (off), contemn, despise, disdain, (become) loathe(some), melt away, refuse, reject, reprobate, [idiom] utterly, vile person. See also: Leviticus 26:15; Psalms 106:24; Psalms 15:4.
הִ֝תְעַבַּ֗רְתָּ
ʻâbar
H5674
"to pass"
V-Hithpael-Perf-2ms
This verb can mean to cross over or transition from one thing to another, and is sometimes used to describe being arrogant or crossing a boundary.
Definition: 1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over 1a2) to pass beyond 1a3) to pass through, traverse 1a3a) passers-through (participle) 1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant) 1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by 1a4a) passer-by (participle) 1a4b) to be past, be over 1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance 1a6) to pass away 1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory) 1a6b) to vanish 1a6c) to perish, cease to exist 1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree) 1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands 1b) (Niphal) to be crossed 1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote 1d2) to cause to pass through 1d3) to cause to pass by or beyond or under, let pass by 1d4) to cause to pass away, cause to take away 1e) (Hithpael) to pass over
Usage: Occurs in 493 OT verses. KJV: alienate, alter, [idiom] at all, beyond, bring (over, through), carry over, (over-) come (on, over), conduct (over), convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail, gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way, in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle, overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over) pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over, through), (cause to, make) [phrase] proclaim(-amation), perish, provoke to anger, put away, rage, [phrase] raiser of taxes, remove, send over, set apart, [phrase] shave, cause to (make) sound, [idiom] speedily, [idiom] sweet smelling, take (away), (make to) transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-) faring man, be wrath. See also: Genesis 8:1; Deuteronomy 27:2; 1 Samuel 25:19.
עִם
ʻim
H5973
"with"
Prep
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Definition: 1) with 1a) with 1b) against 1c) toward 1d) as long as
Usage: Occurs in 919 OT verses. KJV: accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al). See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 21:14; Deuteronomy 29:11.
מְשִׁיחֶֽ/ךָ
mâshîyach
H4899
"anointed"
N-ms | Suff
Messiah means anointed one, referring to a king, priest, or the Messiah in the Bible. It describes someone set apart for a special purpose. The term is used in the Old Testament to describe kings and priests, and in the New Testament to describe Jesus.
Definition: 1) anointed, anointed one 1a) of the Messiah, Messianic prince 1b) of the king of Israel 1c) of the high priest of Israel 1d) of Cyrus 1e) of the patriarchs as anointed kings
Usage: Occurs in 38 OT verses. KJV: anointed, Messiah. See also: Leviticus 4:3; 2 Samuel 22:51; Psalms 2:2.
Study Notes — Psalms 89:39
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Psalms 89:39 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Psalms 89:39
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Psalms 89:39
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
- Trapp's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
- Ellicott's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
- Cambridge Bible on Psalms 89:39
- Barnes' Notes on Psalms 89:39
- Whedon's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
- Sermons on Psalms 89:39
Context — I Will Sing of His Love Forever
37like the moon, established forever, a faithful witness in the sky.” Selah
38Now, however, You have spurned and rejected him; You are enraged by Your anointed one.
39You have renounced the covenant with Your servant and sullied his crown in the dust.
40You have broken down all his walls; You have reduced his strongholds to rubble. 41All who pass by plunder him; he has become a reproach to his neighbors.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lamentations 5:16 | The crown has fallen from our head. Woe to us, for we have sinned! |
| 2 | Psalms 74:7 | They have burned Your sanctuary to the ground; they have defiled the dwelling place of Your Name. |
| 3 | Psalms 89:34–36 | I will not violate My covenant or alter the utterance of My lips. Once and for all I have sworn by My holiness— I will not lie to David— his offspring shall endure forever, and his throne before Me like the sun, |
| 4 | Isaiah 25:12 | The high-walled fortress will be brought down, cast to the ground, into the dust. |
| 5 | Isaiah 43:28 | So I will disgrace the princes of your sanctuary, and I will devote Jacob to destruction and Israel to reproach.” |
| 6 | Psalms 116:11 | In my alarm I said, “All men are liars!” |
| 7 | Psalms 143:3 | For the enemy has pursued my soul, crushing my life to the ground, making me dwell in darkness like those long since dead. |
| 8 | Psalms 89:44 | You have ended his splendor and cast his throne to the ground. |
| 9 | John 13:7 | Jesus replied, “You do not realize now what I am doing, but later you will understand.” |
| 10 | Psalms 77:10 | So I said, “I am grieved that the right hand of the Most High has changed.” |
Psalms 89:39 Summary
Psalms 89:39 says that God has rejected and humiliated His servant, the king. This means that God has turned away from the king and brought shame and defeat upon him, as a result of his disobedience (see also Psalms 89:38 and Proverbs 3:12). This verse reminds us that God is a holy and just God who keeps His promises, but also disciplines those He loves (Hebrews 12:6). It teaches us to be humble and obedient, and to trust in God's faithfulness and mercy, even in times of difficulty and shame (Psalms 23:4 and Romans 8:28).
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to 'renounce the covenant' in Psalms 89:39?
To renounce the covenant means to reject or abandon the promises and agreements made between God and His people, as seen in Exodus 19:5 and Deuteronomy 29:1. This is a serious offense, as God is a covenant-keeping God who always fulfills His promises.
Who is the 'servant' being referred to in this verse?
The 'servant' in Psalms 89:39 is likely King David, who was a servant of the Lord and a type of Christ, as seen in Psalms 89:3 and Psalms 89:20. This title also reflects the humble and obedient heart of a servant, as seen in Isaiah 52:13 and Acts 3:13.
What does it mean for God to 'sully his crown in the dust'?
To sully the crown in the dust means to bring shame, humiliation, and defeat to the one who wears the crown, in this case, the king. This is a vivid picture of the consequences of God's judgment, as seen in Psalms 89:38 and Lamentations 5:16.
How does this verse relate to the rest of Scripture?
Psalms 89:39 is part of a larger narrative of God's covenant faithfulness and the consequences of disobedience, as seen in Deuteronomy 28:1-68 and Jeremiah 31:31-34. It also points forward to the ultimate fulfillment of God's covenant promises in Jesus Christ, as seen in Luke 22:20 and Hebrews 8:6-13.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways in which I have experienced God's covenant faithfulness in my own life, and how can I respond with gratitude and obedience?
- How does the image of a crown being sullied in the dust challenge my understanding of God's judgment and mercy?
- In what ways can I identify with the feelings of shame and humiliation expressed in this verse, and how can I bring those feelings to God in prayer?
- What does this verse teach me about the importance of humility and obedience in my relationship with God, and how can I cultivate those qualities in my own life?
Gill's Exposition on Psalms 89:39
Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant,.... His servant David the Messiah, Psalms 89:3, meaning not the covenant of circumcision, nor the covenant at Sinai, which were really made void at
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Psalms 89:39
But thou hast cast off and abhorred, thou hast been wroth with thine anointed. -The people of the covenant contrast the sad state of things actually with what the covenant seemed to promise. Similarly in Psalms 44:9. Verse 38.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
Made void the covenant; which seems contrary to thy word given . Of thy servant, i.e. made with him. Profained his crown, by exposing that sacred person, and family, and kingdom to contempt, and giving his sceptre and power into the hands of the uncircumcised.
Trapp's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
Psalms 89:39 Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant: thou hast profaned his crown [by casting it] to the ground.Ver. 39. Thou hast made void the covenant] This passage a certain Spanish Rabbi stumbled at (as hath been noted on the title of this psalm), but without cause; for all these things are spoken καταδοξαν, and not καταληθειαν, according to opinion, and not according to the truth of things. And, therefore, Kimchi saith well here, Many wonder at this psalmist, and I do as much wonder at their wondering, &c. Thou hast profaned his crown] By rendering his regal dignity contemptible. The Greek rendereth it, his sanctuary, αγιασμααυτου..
Ellicott's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
(39) Made void.—Better, cast off, as the word is rendered in Lamentations 2:7, the only other place where it occurs. There the LXX. have “shook off;” here, “turned upside down.” Thou hast profaned.—Comp. Psalms 74:7.
Cambridge Bible on Psalms 89:39
39. Thou hast abhorred the covenant of thy servant: Thou hast cast his desecrated crown to the ground. Thine anointed, thy servant (cp. Psalms 89:20) include both David and the successor who represents him. The titles plead the claim which the king had on God’s protection. The word nçzer means (1) consecration, and (2) the crown or diadem of the high priest (Exodus 29:6) or the king (2 Samuel 1:10), as the mark of consecration to their office. For the phrase profaned to the ground cp. Psalms 74:7.
Barnes' Notes on Psalms 89:39
Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant - Thou hast dealt with him as if there were no such covenant; as if no such promise had been made to him. The word rendered “made void,” means to abhor, or reject.
Whedon's Commentary on Psalms 89:39
39. Made void the covenant—Wholly rejected the covenant; treated it as worthless. Contrast Psalms 89:34-35. Profaned his crown—By allowing it to be “cast to the ground”—despoiled. See Psalms 89:19-20
Sermons on Psalms 89:39
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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The Seven Levels of Judgment - Part 2 by Dan Biser | This sermon emphasizes the importance of recognizing and confessing our sins before the Lord, both individually and collectively as a church and nation. It delves into various Bibl |
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Walking in the Power of the New Convenant by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher explores the story of Isaac sending his son Jacob on a journey with nothing, despite being a wealthy man. The preacher questions why a rich father woul |
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Taking Hold of the New Covenant by David Wilkerson | This sermon emphasizes the importance of understanding and embracing the new covenant that God has made with His people through Jesus Christ. It highlights the unconditional love a |
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The New Covenant Part 1 of 6 Taking Hold of the New Covenant by David Wilkerson | This sermon emphasizes the importance of understanding and embracing the covenant God has made with His people through Jesus Christ. It highlights the unconditional love and faithf |
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Last Words of David by Charles Alexander | In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the last words of David as recorded in the book of Samuel. He connects these words to the Harvest Festival, emphasizing the importance of re |
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The Eternal Purpose of God by Darrell Champlin | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of recognizing the eternal purpose of God. He compares the word of God to a diamond that glows with incredible power when the |
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Because He Slew the Gibeonites. by F.B. Meyer | F.B. Meyer discusses the grave sin of Saul in slaying the Gibeonites, who were under a sacred covenant with Israel, emphasizing that the violation of such an oath demanded atonemen |