Numbers 31:16

Numbers 31:16 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

“Look, these women caused the sons of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to turn unfaithfully against the LORD at Peor, so that the plague struck the congregation of the LORD.

King James Version KJV

Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against the LORD in the matter of Peor, and there was a plague among the congregation of the LORD.

American Standard Version ASV

Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against Jehovah in the matter of Peor, and so the plague was among the congregation of Jehovah.

Bible in Basic English BBE

It was these who, moved by Balaam, were the cause of Israel's sin against the Lord in the question of Peor, because of which disease came on the people of the Lord.

Free Bible Version FBV

“You realize that these were the same women who seduced the Israelite men, leading them to be unfaithful to the Lord at Peor, following Balaam's advice! That's why the Lord's people suffered from the plague!

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

Behold, these caused the children of Israel through the counsell of Balaam to commit a trespasse against the Lord, as concerning Peor, and there came a plague among the Congregation of the Lord.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

lo, they — they have been to the sons of Israel, through the word of Balaam, to cause a trespass against Jehovah in the matter of Peor, and the plague is in the company of Jehovah.

World English Bible WEB

Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against the LORD in the matter of Peor, and so the plague was among the congregation of the LORD.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against the LORD, in the matter of Peor, and there was a plague among the congregation of the LORD.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

Are not these they, that deceived the children of Israel by the counsel of Balaam, and made you transgress against the Lord by the sin of Phogor, for which also the people was punished?

Translation for Translators T4T

They are the ones who did what Balaam suggested and urged/persuaded our people to worship Baal instead of Yahweh. As a result, Yahweh caused a plague to strike his people while they were at Peor.

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Berean Amplified Bible — Numbers 31:16

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Numbers 31:16 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB הֵ֣ן הֵ֜נָּה הָי֨וּ לִ/בְנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בִּ/דְבַ֣ר בִּלְעָ֔ם לִ/מְסָר מַ֥עַל בַּ/יהוָ֖ה עַל דְּבַר פְּע֑וֹר וַ/תְּהִ֥י הַ/מַּגֵּפָ֖ה בַּ/עֲדַ֥ת יְהוָֽה

הֵ֣ן hên H2005 look! Part

הֵ֜נָּה hênnâh H2007 they(fem.) Pron

הָי֨וּ hâyâh H1961 to be V-Qal-Perf-3cp

לִ/בְנֵ֤י bên H1121 son Prep | N-mp

יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Yisrâʼêl H3478 Israel N-proper

בִּ/דְבַ֣ר dâbâr H1697 Chronicles Prep | N-ms

בִּלְעָ֔ם Bilʻâm H1109 Balaam N-proper

לִ/מְסָר mâçar H4560 to commit Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

מַ֥עַל maʻal H4604 unfaithfulness N-ms

בַּ/יהוָ֖ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 The Lord Prep | N-proper

עַל ʻal H5921 upon Prep

דְּבַר dâbâr H1697 Chronicles N-ms

פְּע֑וֹר Pᵉʻôwr H6465 Peor N-proper

וַ/תְּהִ֥י hâyâh H1961 to be Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

הַ/מַּגֵּפָ֖ה maggêphâh H4046 plague Art | N-fs

בַּ/עֲדַ֥ת ʻêdâh H5712 congregation Prep | N-fs

יְהוָֽה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 The Lord N-proper

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Numbers 31:16

הֵ֣ן hên H2005 "look!" Part

An expression meaning look or behold, used to get someone's attention, like in the prophet Isaiah's writings. It can also express surprise or introduce a hypothetical situation.

Definition: interj 1) behold, lo, though hypothetical part 2) if Aramaic equivalent: hen (הֵן "look!" H2006A)

Usage: Occurs in 311 OT verses. KJV: behold, if, lo, though. See also: Genesis 3:22; Job 2:6; Psalms 51:7.

הֵ֜נָּה hênnâh H2007 "they(fem.)" Pron

A Hebrew pronoun meaning they or them, used to refer to a group of people or things, often in a general sense, like in the Psalms. It can also be used to describe something belonging to them.

Definition: they, these, the same, who A grammatical form of hu (הוּא "he/she/it" H1931)

Usage: Occurs in 44 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] in, [idiom] such (and such things), their, (into) them, thence, therein, these, they (had), on this side, whose, wherein. See also: Genesis 6:2; Psalms 34:21; Proverbs 6:16.

הָי֨וּ hâyâh H1961 "to be" V-Qal-Perf-3cp

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

Definition: 1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) --- 1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass 1a1b) to come about, come to pass 1a2) to come into being, become 1a2a) to arise, appear, come 1a2b) to become 1a2b1) to become 1a2b2) to become like 1a2b3) to be instituted, be established 1a3) to be 1a3a) to exist, be in existence 1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) 1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality) 1a3d) to accompany, be with 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about 1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Usage: Occurs in 3131 OT verses. KJV: beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 17:4; Genesis 36:11.

לִ/בְנֵ֤י bên H1121 "son" Prep | N-mp

In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.

Definition: : child/son

Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.

יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ Yisrâʼêl H3478 "Israel" N-proper

Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.

Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile

Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.

בִּ/דְבַ֣ר dâbâr H1697 "Chronicles" Prep | N-ms

A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.

Definition: This name means word, speaking

Usage: Occurs in 1290 OT verses. KJV: act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work. See also: Genesis 11:1; Exodus 23:8; Deuteronomy 18:21.

בִּלְעָ֔ם Bilʻâm H1109 "Balaam" N-proper

Balaam was a prophet from Mesopotamia, also the name of a place in Palestine. He is known for trying to curse the Israelites in the book of Numbers.

Definition: A man living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Num.22.5; son of: Beor (H1160H) Also named: Balaam (Βαλαάμ "Balaam" G0903) § Balaam = "not of the people" the son of Beor, a man endowed with the gift of prophecy

Usage: Occurs in 57 OT verses. KJV: Balaam, Bileam. See also: Numbers 22:5; Numbers 23:2; Micah 6:5.

לִ/מְסָר mâçar H4560 "to commit" Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

This Hebrew word means to set apart or deliver something, often used in the context of committing or entrusting something to God, as seen in Psalm 37:5. It can also mean to deliver someone over to another's care. In the Bible, it is used to describe God's care for his people.

Definition: 1) to set apart, deliver up, offer 1a) (Qal) to set apart 1b) (Niphal) to be delivered over, be assigned to, be set apart

Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: commit, deliver. See also: Numbers 31:5; Numbers 31:16.

מַ֥עַל maʻal H4604 "unfaithfulness" N-ms

This word refers to unfaithfulness or treachery, describing a sinful or trespassing act against someone or God. It's about being false or disloyal, and the Bible translates it as 'falsehood', 'transgression', or 'trespass'.

Definition: 1) unfaithful or treacherous act, trespass 1a) against man 1b) against God

Usage: Occurs in 28 OT verses. KJV: falsehood, grievously, sore, transgression, trespass, [idiom] very. See also: Leviticus 5:15; 2 Chronicles 28:19; Daniel 9:7.

בַּ/יהוָ֖ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 "The Lord" Prep | N-proper

Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.

Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.

עַל ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep

This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.

Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)

Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.

דְּבַר dâbâr H1697 "Chronicles" N-ms

A word or thing, like a matter or affair, as seen in the book of Chronicles where it refers to the events and words of kings. It can also mean a cause or reason for something.

Definition: This name means word, speaking

פְּע֑וֹר Pᵉʻôwr H6465 "Peor" N-proper

Peor is a mountain east of the Jordan River, where the idol Baal Peor was worshipped. It is near Pisgah in the Abarim range of Moab.

Definition: § Peor = "cleft" a mountain peak in Moab belonging to the Abarim range and near Pisgah

Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Peor. See also H1047 (בֵּית פְּעוֹר). See also: Numbers 23:28; Numbers 31:16; Joshua 22:17.

וַ/תְּהִ֥י hâyâh H1961 "to be" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.

הַ/מַּגֵּפָ֖ה maggêphâh H4046 "plague" Art | N-fs

A plague or pestilence in the Bible often refers to a divine judgment, like the plagues God sent upon Egypt in Exodus 7-12. It can also mean a defeat or slaughter, as seen in 1 Samuel 4:10.

Definition: 1) blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence, strike, smite 1a) blow (fatal stroke) 1b) slaughter (of battle) 1c) plague, pestilence (divine judgment)

Usage: Occurs in 25 OT verses. KJV: ([idiom] be) plague(-d), slaughter, stroke. See also: Exodus 9:14; 2 Samuel 17:9; Psalms 106:29.

בַּ/עֲדַ֥ת ʻêdâh H5712 "congregation" Prep | N-fs

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means a gathering of people, like a congregation or crowd, often referring to a group of Israelites. It is used in various books, including Exodus and Psalms. The word is about people coming together.

Definition: congregation, gathering

Usage: Occurs in 140 OT verses. KJV: assembly, company, congregation, multitude, people, swarm. Compare H5713 (עֵדָה). See also: Exodus 12:3; Numbers 20:1; Psalms 1:5.

יְהוָֽה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 "The Lord" N-proper

Yehovah is another name for God, often translated as 'the Lord'. It is a national name for God in the Jewish faith. This name is used throughout the Old Testament.

Definition: Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

Usage: Occurs in 5522 OT verses. KJV: Jehovah, the Lord. Compare H3050 (יָהּ), H3069 (יְהֹוִה). See also: Genesis 2:4; Genesis 24:42; Exodus 8:8.

Study Notes — Numbers 31:16

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Numbers 31:16 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Numbers 31:16
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 31:16
Cambridge Bible on Numbers 31:16
Barnes' Notes on Numbers 31:16
Whedon's Commentary on Numbers 31:16
Sermons on Numbers 31:16

Context — Vengeance on Midian

14But Moses was angry with the officers of the army—the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds—who were returning from the battle. 15“Have you spared all the women?” he asked them.

16“Look, these women caused the sons of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to turn unfaithfully against the LORD at Peor, so that the plague struck the congregation of the LORD.

17So now, kill all the boys, as well as every woman who has had relations with a man, 18but spare for yourselves every girl who has never had relations with a man.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Numbers 25:1–9	While Israel was staying in Shittim, the men began to indulge in sexual immorality with the daughters of Moab, who also invited them to the sacrifices for their gods. And the people ate and bowed down to these gods. So Israel joined in worshiping Baal of Peor, and the anger of the LORD burned against them. Then the LORD said to Moses, “Take all the leaders of the people and execute them in broad daylight before the LORD, so that His fierce anger may turn away from Israel.” So Moses told the judges of Israel, “Each of you must kill all of his men who have joined in worshiping Baal of Peor.” Just then an Israelite man brought to his family a Midianite woman in the sight of Moses and the whole congregation of Israel while they were weeping at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. On seeing this, Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, got up from the assembly, took a spear in his hand, followed the Israelite into his tent, and drove the spear through both of them—through the Israelite and on through the belly of the woman. So the plague against the Israelites was halted, but those who died in the plague numbered 24,000.
2	2 Peter 2:15	They have left the straight way and wandered off to follow the way of Balaam son of Beor, who loved the wages of wickedness.
3	Revelation 2:14	But I have a few things against you, because some of you hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to place a stumbling block before the Israelites so they would eat food sacrificed to idols and commit sexual immorality.
4	Joshua 22:17	Was not the sin of Peor enough for us, from which we have not cleansed ourselves to this day? It even brought a plague upon the congregation of the LORD.
5	Numbers 24:14	Now I am going back to my people, but come, let me warn you what this people will do to your people in the days to come.”
6	Deuteronomy 4:3	Your eyes have seen what the LORD did at Baal-peor, for the LORD your God destroyed from among you all who followed Baal of Peor.
7	Numbers 25:18	For they assailed you deceitfully when they seduced you in the matter of Peor and their sister Cozbi, the daughter of the Midianite leader, the woman who was killed on the day the plague came because of Peor.”
8	Proverbs 23:27	For a prostitute is a deep pit, and an adulteress is a narrow well.
9	Ecclesiastes 7:26	And I find more bitter than death the woman who is a snare, whose heart is a net, and whose hands are chains. The man who pleases God escapes her, but the sinner is ensnared.

Numbers 31:16 Summary

[This verse, Numbers 31:16, explains that the women caused the Israelites to sin against God at a place called Peor, which led to a severe plague, as mentioned in Numbers 25:9. This event serves as a reminder that our actions can have serious consequences, as seen in Leviticus 26:25 and Deuteronomy 28:21-22. We must be careful not to turn against God or follow ungodly advice, and instead, strive to obey Him and follow His commands, as stated in Deuteronomy 8:19-20 and Numbers 32:23. By doing so, we can avoid the negative consequences and live a life that is pleasing to God.]

Frequently Asked Questions

What role did Balaam play in the events described in Numbers 31:16?

Balaam, through his counsel, influenced the women to cause the sons of Israel to turn unfaithfully against the Lord at Peor, as seen in Numbers 31:16, which ultimately led to the plague that struck the congregation of the Lord, as mentioned in Numbers 25:9 and Deuteronomy 23:4.

Why did the plague strike the congregation of the Lord?

The plague struck the congregation of the Lord because the sons of Israel turned unfaithfully against Him at Peor, as stated in Numbers 31:16, and as warned in Leviticus 26:25 and Deuteronomy 28:21-22, disobedience can lead to severe consequences.

What is the significance of Peor in this context?

Peor is the location where the sons of Israel turned unfaithfully against the Lord, as mentioned in Numbers 31:16, and it is also referenced in Numbers 25:1-9, where the Israelites committed idolatry and immorality, leading to the plague that killed 24,000 people, as stated in Numbers 25:9.

How does this verse relate to the overall theme of Numbers?

This verse relates to the theme of obedience and disobedience in Numbers, as seen in Numbers 31:16, and highlights the consequences of turning against the Lord, as warned in Deuteronomy 8:19-20 and Numbers 32:23.

Reflection Questions

What are some ways that I may be turning unfaithfully against the Lord in my own life, and what are the potential consequences of such actions?
How can I ensure that I am not being influenced by ungodly counsel, like the sons of Israel were in Numbers 31:16?
What role do I play in the community of believers, and how can I help prevent others from turning away from the Lord?
In what ways can I apply the lessons from Numbers 31:16 to my own life, and what changes can I make to avoid similar pitfalls?

Gill's Exposition on Numbers 31:16

Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam,.... Who advised the Midianites to send their women into the camp of Israel, and allure them to uncleanness, and so draw

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 31:16

And Moses said unto them, Have ye saved all the women alive? No JFB commentary on these verses.

Cambridge Bible on Numbers 31:16

16. The wording of this verse is obscure in the Heb., but the R.V. gives the general sense. The rendering ‘to commit trespass’ is obtained by adopting a probable emendation, μִ ?ξְ ?ςֹ ?μ, for the late and difficult word μִ ?ξְ ?ρψ ‘to deliver’ (see Numbers 31:5). through the counsel of Balaam] Perhaps better in the matter of Balaam. This is a reference to an incident which is now lost, but which probably preceded Numbers 25:6 (see note there). with regard to the matter of Peor] The writer refers in this clause to the quite distinct narrative in Numbers 25:1-5. In Revelation 2:14 reference is made to the enticement by Balaam both to idolatry and to immorality.

Barnes' Notes on Numbers 31:16

Caused ... to commit trespass - More literally, “became to the children of Israel for a cause (or, incitement) of treachery to the Lord.”

Whedon's Commentary on Numbers 31:16

16. Matter of Peor — See Numbers 25:3; Numbers 25:18, notes.

Sermons on Numbers 31:16

	Sermon	Description
	Phinehas - Priest of Obedience by Art Katz	In this sermon, the speaker reflects on a passage from the book of Numbers in the Bible. They raise questions about the conduct of Moses and the Israelites when they engaged in imm
	The Horizon of Divine Purpose - Part 1 by T. Austin-Sparks	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of seeing the person and purpose as interconnected. They express a strong burden for delivering this message and believe it is
	The Apostate's Lifestyle by J.B. Buffington	J.B. Buffington preaches on the dangers of apostasy and the characteristics of false teachers as outlined in 2 Peter 2:10-16. He emphasizes how these apostates walk after the flesh
	(Through the Bible) 2 Peter 1-3 by Chuck Smith	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of studying and understanding the word of God. They argue that the power of the gospel can be seen in the transformed lives of
	You Will Reap What You Sow by Erlo Stegen	In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of honesty and integrity in our actions. He uses the example of people who were sneaky and dishonest in taking free potatoes,
	Backslidings of Balaam by Charles Banna	This sermon emphasizes the dangers of falling into covetousness and pride, using the example of Balaam who was led astray by these sins. It highlights the importance of fleeing fro
	The Doom of the Double-Hearted. by Horatius Bonar	Horatius Bonar warns against the fate of the double-hearted, exemplified by Balaam, who sought to serve both God and mammon, ultimately leading to his downfall. Balaam's life was m