Numbers 30:10
Numbers 30:10 in Multiple Translations
If a woman in her husband’s house has made a vow or put herself under an obligation with an oath,
And if she vowed in her husband’s house, or bound her soul by a bond with an oath;
And if she vowed in her husband’s house, or bound her soul by a bond with an oath,
If she made an oath while she was under the authority of her husband,
If a woman living with her husband makes a solemn promise to the Lord or pledges to do something by swearing an oath,
But euery vowe of a widowe, and of her that is diuorced (wherewith she hath bound her selfe) shall stand in effect with her.
'And if [in] the house of her husband she hath vowed, or hath bound a bond on her soul with an oath,
“If she vowed in her husband’s house or bound her soul by a bond with an oath,
And if she vowed in her husband's house, or bound her soul by a bond with an oath;
The widow, and she that is divorced, shall fulfill whatsoever they vow.
“If a woman who is married promises [DOU] to do something,
Berean Amplified Bible — Numbers 30:10
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Numbers 30:10 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/נֵ֥דֶר
אַלְמָנָ֖ה
וּ/גְרוּשָׁ֑ה
כֹּ֛ל
אֲשֶׁר
אָסְרָ֥ה
עַל
נַפְשָׁ֖/הּ
יָק֥וּם
עָלֶֽי/הָ
וְ/נֵ֥דֶר
neder
H5088
vow
Conj | N-ms
אַלְמָנָ֖ה
ʼalmânâh
H490
widow
N-fs
וּ/גְרוּשָׁ֑ה
gârash
H1644
to drive out
Conj | V-Qal-Inf-c
כֹּ֛ל
kôl
H3605
all
N-ms
אֲשֶׁר
ʼăsher
H834
which
Rel
אָסְרָ֥ה
ʼâçar
H631
to bind
V-Qal-Perf-3fs
עַל
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep
נַפְשָׁ֖/הּ
nephesh
H5315
soul
N-cs | Suff
יָק֥וּם
qûwm
H6965
-kamai
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
עָלֶֽי/הָ
ʻal
H5921
upon
Prep | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Numbers 30:10
וְ/נֵ֥דֶר
neder
H5088
"vow"
Conj | N-ms
A vow is a promise made to God, like the one Jephthah made in Judges 11:30-31. It can also refer to the thing promised, such as an offering. Vows are recorded in the Bible as important commitments.
Definition: vow, votive offering
Usage: Occurs in 57 OT verses. KJV: vow(-ed). See also: Genesis 28:20; Deuteronomy 12:11; Psalms 22:26.
אַלְמָנָ֖ה
ʼalmânâh
H490
"widow"
N-fs
A widow is a woman whose husband has died, often left alone and vulnerable. The Bible teaches care and compassion for widows, as seen in the stories of Ruth and Naomi. God commands his people to look out for them.
Definition: widow
Usage: Occurs in 54 OT verses. KJV: desolate house (palace), widow. See also: Genesis 38:11; Job 29:13; Psalms 68:6.
וּ/גְרוּשָׁ֑ה
gârash
H1644
"to drive out"
Conj | V-Qal-Inf-c
This Hebrew word means to drive out or expel, often used in the context of divorce or being forced to leave a place, as seen in the story of Israel's exile. It can also mean to trouble or cast out. In the Bible, it appears in books like Genesis and Exodus.
Definition: : drive out 1) to drive out, expel, cast out, drive away, divorce, put away, thrust away, trouble, cast up 1a) (Qal) to thrust out, cast out 1b) (Niphal) to be driven away, be tossed 1c) (Piel) to drive out, drive away 1d) (Pual) to be thrust out Also means: ga.rash (גָּרַשׁ ": divorce" H1644H)
Usage: Occurs in 45 OT verses. KJV: cast up (out), divorced (woman), drive away (forth, out), expel, [idiom] surely put away, trouble, thrust out. See also: Genesis 3:24; Joshua 24:18; Psalms 34:1.
כֹּ֛ל
kôl
H3605
"all"
N-ms
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.
אֲשֶׁר
ʼăsher
H834
"which"
Rel
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Definition: A: 1) (relative part.) 1a) which, who 1b) that which 2) (conj) 2a) that (in obj clause) 2b) when 2c) since 2d) as 2e) conditional if B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which 2) (adv) 2a) where 3) (conj) 3a) in that, inasmuch as 3b) on account of C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which 2) from (the place) where 3) from (the fact) that, since D: Kaph+ 1) (conj.), according as, as, when 1a) according to that which, according as, as 1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since 1c) with a temporal force: when
Usage: Occurs in 4440 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 20:9; Genesis 31:16.
אָסְרָ֥ה
ʼâçar
H631
"to bind"
V-Qal-Perf-3fs
This word means to bind or tie something, like when God made a covenant with the Israelites. It can also mean to prepare for battle or to be imprisoned. In different contexts, it involves joining or fastening things together, whether physically or metaphorically.
Definition: 1) to tie, bind, imprison 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to tie, bind 1a2) to tie, harness 1a3) to bind (with cords) 1a4) to gird (rare and late) 1a5) to begin the battle, make the attack 1a6) of obligation of oath (figurative) 1b) (Niphal) to be imprisoned, bound 1c) (Pual) to be taken prisoner
Usage: Occurs in 64 OT verses. KJV: bind, fast, gird, harness, hold, keep, make ready, order, prepare, prison(-er), put in bonds, set in array, tie. See also: Genesis 39:20; 1 Samuel 6:7; Psalms 105:22.
עַל
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
נַפְשָׁ֖/הּ
nephesh
H5315
"soul"
N-cs | Suff
The Hebrew word for soul or living being, used in the Bible to describe the essence of a person or animal. It encompasses the ideas of life, breath, and vitality, and is translated as 'soul' or 'creature' in the KJV. This word is central to biblical concepts of humanity and existence.
Definition: 1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion 1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man 1b) living being 1c) living being (with life in the blood) 1d) the man himself, self, person or individual 1e) seat of the appetites 1f) seat of emotions and passions 1g) activity of mind 1g1) uncertain 1h) activity of the will 1h1) uncertain 1i) activity of the character 1i1) uncertain
Usage: Occurs in 683 OT verses. KJV: any, appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, [idiom] dead(-ly), desire, [idiom] (dis-) contented, [idiom] fish, ghost, [phrase] greedy, he, heart(-y), (hath, [idiom] jeopardy of) life ([idiom] in jeopardy), lust, man, me, mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-, thy-) self, them (your) -selves, [phrase] slay, soul, [phrase] tablet, they, thing, ([idiom] she) will, [idiom] would have it. See also: Genesis 1:20; Leviticus 26:43; Judges 18:25.
יָק֥וּם
qûwm
H6965
"-kamai"
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Definition: Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B) § -Kamai = "my adversary" Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
Usage: Occurs in 596 OT verses. KJV: abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). See also: Genesis 4:8; Numbers 30:13; Ruth 4:10.
עָלֶֽי/הָ
ʻal
H5921
"upon"
Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)
Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.
Study Notes — Numbers 30:10
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — Laws about Vows
8But if her husband prohibits her when he hears of it, he nullifies the vow that binds her or the rash promise she has made, and the LORD will absolve her.
9Every vow a widow or divorced woman pledges to fulfill is binding on her.
10If a woman in her husband’s house has made a vow or put herself under an obligation with an oath,
11and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her and does not prohibit her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand. 12But if her husband nullifies them on the day he hears of them, then nothing that came from her lips, whether her vows or pledges, shall stand. Her husband has nullified them, and the LORD will absolve her.Numbers 30:10 Summary
[This verse is talking about a married woman who makes a promise to God, and it's saying that her husband has some authority over her vows, as we see in Numbers 30:10-12. This doesn't mean she can't make promises to God, but rather that her husband has a role in her spiritual life, similar to how we see husbands and wives working together in Genesis 2:24 and Matthew 19:4-6. The Bible teaches that husbands and wives are to work together and support each other in their relationships with God, as seen in 1 Peter 3:1-7. By understanding and applying this teaching, we can build stronger, more God-honoring marriages.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What kind of vows or obligations is the Bible talking about in Numbers 30:10?
The Bible is referring to vows or promises made to God, such as a promise to give something or do something for Him, as seen in other parts of the Bible like Deuteronomy 23:21-23 and Ecclesiastes 5:4-5.
Why does the verse specify 'a woman in her husband’s house'?
This phrase is highlighting the woman's marital status and the fact that she is under her husband's authority, as explained in verses like Ephesians 5:22-24 and 1 Peter 3:1-6.
Does this verse mean that a married woman can't make any promises to God without her husband's permission?
Not exactly, as we see in Numbers 30:11-12, if her husband doesn't prohibit her, her vows are binding, but if he does, they are not, showing a balance between her personal relationship with God and her submission to her husband, similar to the dynamic in 1 Corinthians 7:12-16.
How does this relate to other biblical teachings on marriage and authority?
This verse fits into the broader biblical teaching on marriage, authority, and submission, as seen in passages like Genesis 3:16, 1 Corinthians 11:3, and Titus 2:4-5, where the husband has a leadership role, but also a responsibility to love and care for his wife.
Reflection Questions
- What vows or promises have I made to God, and am I fulfilling them?
- How can I, as a married person, balance my personal relationship with God with my responsibilities to my spouse?
- In what ways can I, as a husband or wife, support and encourage my spouse in their walk with God, as seen in Numbers 30:11-12?
- What can I learn from the biblical teaching on authority and submission in marriage, and how can I apply it in my own life, as seen in Ephesians 5:22-33?
Gill's Exposition on Numbers 30:10
And if she vowed in her husband's house,.... Before his death, in his lifetime, or before divorced: the Targum of Jonathan adds, by way of explanation, "and not at age for marriage", understanding it
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Numbers 30:10
In her husband’ s house, i.e. if she that now is a widow, or divorced, made that vow whilst her husband lived with her; as suppose she then vowed, that if she was a widow, she would give such a proportion of her estate to pious or charitable uses, of which vow she might repent when she came to be a widow, and might believe or pretend she was free from it, because that vow was made in her husband’ s lifetime, which is here granted, in case her husband then disallowed it, but denied, in case by silence or otherwise he consented to it. And thus this law is sufficiently distinguished from that above, .
Ellicott's Commentary on Numbers 30:10
(10) And if she vowed in her husband’s house, or bound her soul . . . —i.e., if she took a vow of performance or of abstinence whilst in the house of her husband.
Whedon's Commentary on Numbers 30:10
THE VOW OF THE WIFE, Numbers 30:10-16.In this case the silence of the husband cognizant of the vow gives consent, but his immediate protest annuls the obligation. 13. To afflict the soul — This was usually done by fasting.