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Matthew 21:18

Matthew 21:18 in Multiple Translations

In the morning, as Jesus was returning to the city, He was hungry.

Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered.

Now in the morning as he returned to the city, he hungered.

Now in the morning when he was coming back to the town, he had a desire for food.

The next morning as he walked back into the city, he was hungry.

And in the morning, as he returned into the citie, he was hungrie,

and in the morning turning back to the city, he hungered,

Now in the morning, as he returned to the city, he was hungry.

Now in the morning as he was returning into the city, he was hungry.

And in the morning, returning into the city, he was hungry.

Early the next morning, when we were returning to the city, Jesus was hungry.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — Matthew 21:18

BAB
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Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

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Matthew 21:18 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB
GRK πρωιας δε επαναγων εις την πολιν επεινασεν
πρωιας prōia G4405 early morning Noun-GSF
δε de G1161 then Conj
επαναγων epanagō G1877 to set off Verb-PAP-NSM
εις eis G1519 toward Prep
την ho G3588 the/this/who Art-ASF
πολιν polis G4172 city Noun-ASF
επεινασεν peinaō G3983 to hunger Verb-AAI-3S
Greek Word Study

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Greek Word Reference — Matthew 21:18

πρωιας prōia G4405 "early morning" Noun-GSF
Early morning or day-dawn, as seen in Matthew 27:1 and John 21:4. This refers to the time just after sunrise or the beginning of the day.
Definition: πρώιος (Rec. -ϊος), -α, -ον (πρωί), [in LXX for בֹּקֶר בַּ לַּ ;] at early morn, early; as subst., ἡ π. (sc. ὥρα, cf. ἡ ὥ. ἡ π., 3Ma.5:24), early morning: Mat.27:1, Jhn.21:4.† (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 3 NT verses. KJV: early, morning See also: John 21:4; Matthew 21:18; Matthew 27:1.
δε de G1161 "then" Conj
This is a conjunction that means and, but, or then, used to connect ideas like in Matthew 1:2 and 2 Corinthians 6:15.
Definition: δέ (before vowels δ᾽; on the general neglect of the elision in NT, see WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., 96), post-positive conjunctive particle; __1. copulative, but, in the next place, and, now (Abbott, JG, 104): Mat.1:2ff., 2Co.6:15, 16, 2Pe.1:5-7; in repetition for emphasis, Rom.3:21, 22, 9:30, 1Co.2:6, Gal.2:2, Php.2:8; in transition to something new, Mat.1:18, 2:19, Luk.13:1, Jhn.7:14, Act.6:1, Rom.8:28, 1Co.7:1 8:1, al.; in explanatory parenthesis or addition, Jhn.3:19, Rom.5:8, 1Co.1:12, Eph.2:4, 5:32, al.; ὡς δέ, Jhn.2:9; καὶ . . . δέ, but also, Mat.10:18, Luk.1:76, Jhn.6:51, Rom.11:23, al.; καὶ ἐὰν δέ, yea even if, Jhn.8:16. __2. Adversative, but, on the other hand, prop., answering to a foregoing μέν (which see), and distinguishing a word or clause from one preceding (in NT most frequently without μέν; Bl., §77, 12): ἐὰν δέ, Mat.6:14, 23, al.; ἐγὼ (σὺ, etc.) δέ, Mat.5:22, 6:6, Mrk.8:29, al.; ὁ δέ, αὐτὸς δέ, Mrk.1:45, Luk.4:40, al.; after a negation, Mat.6:19, 20, Rom.3:4, 1Th.5:21, al. (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 2552 NT verses. KJV: also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English) See also: 1 Corinthians 1:10; 1 Corinthians 12:9; 1 Peter 1:7.
επαναγων epanagō G1877 "to set off" Verb-PAP-NSM
To set off or lead up on, like putting out to sea, as in Luke 5:3-4, or to return, as in Matthew 21:18.
Definition: ἐπ-αν-άγω [in LXX: Zec.4:12 (רוּק hi.), Sir.17:26 26:28, 2Ma.9:21 2Mac 12:4 * ;] to bring up or back (sc. ναῦς); to put out to sea (DB, iii, 63b): Luk.5:3-4; intrans., to return: Mat.21:18.† (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 3 NT verses. KJV: launch (thrust) out, return See also: Luke 5:3; Luke 5:4; Matthew 21:18.
εις eis G1519 "toward" Prep
This word means toward or into, indicating direction or purpose, as seen in Matthew 8:23 and Mark 1:45. It can also imply a sense of movement or action. The KJV translates it in various ways.
Definition: εἰς, prep. with accusative, expressing entrance, direction, limit, into, unto, to, upon, towards, for, among (Lat. in, with accusative). __I. Of place. __1. After verbs of motion; __(a) of entrance into: Mat.8:23, 9:7, Mrk.1:45, Luk.2:15, 8:31, al.; __(b) of approach, to or towards: Mrk.11:1, Luk.6:8, 19:28, Jhn.11:31, 21:6, al.; __(with) before pl. and collective nouns, among: Mrk.4:7, 8:19, 20, Luk.11:49, Jhn.21:23, al.; __(d) Of a limit reached, unto, on, upon: Mat.8:18, 21:1, Mrk.11:1, 13:16, Luk.14:10, Jhn.6:3, 11:32, al.; with accusative of person(s) (as in Ep. and Ion.), Act.23:15, Rom.5:12, 16:19, 2Co.10:14; __(e) elliptical: ἐπιστολαὶ εἰς Δαμασκόν, Act.9:2; ἡ διακονία μου ἡ εἰς Ἱ., Rom.15:31; metaphorically, of entrance into a certain state or condition, or of approach or direction towards some end (Thayer, B, i, 1; ii, 1), εἰς τ. ὄνομα, M, Pr., 200. __2. Of direction; __(a) after verbs of seeing: Mat.6:26, Mrk.6:41, Luk.9:16, 62, Jhn.13:22, al.; metaphorically, of the mind, Heb.11:26, 12:2, al.; __(b) after verbs of speaking: Mat.13:10, 14:9, 1Th.2:9, al. __3. After verbs of rest; __(a) in "pregnant" construction, implying previous motion (cl.; see WM, 516; Bl., §39, 3; M, Pr., 234f.): Mat.2:23, 4:13, 2Th.2:4, 2Ti.1:11, Heb.11:9, al.; __(b) by an assimilation general in late Gk (see Bl., M, Pr., ll. with) = ἐν: Luk.1:44, 4:23, Act.20:16, 21:17, Jhn.1:18 (but see Westc, in l.), al. __II. Of time, for, unto; __1. accentuating the duration expressed by the accusative: εἰς τ. αἰῶνα, Mat.21:19; εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γ., Luk.1:50; εἰς τ. διηνεκές, Heb.7:3, al. __2. Of a point or limit of time, unto, up to, until: Mat.6:34, Act.4:3, 25:21, Php.1:10, 2:16, 1Th.4:15, 2Ti.1:12; of entrance into a future period, σεις τὸ μέλλον (see: μέλλω), next (year), Luk.13:9 (but with ICC, in l.); εἰς τ. μεταξὺ σάββατον, on the next Sabbath, Act.13:42; εἰς τὸ πάλιν (see: πάλιν, 2Co.13:2. __III. Of result, after verbs of changing, joining, dividing, etc.: στρέφειν εἰς, Rev.11:6; μετας-, Act.2:20, Jas.4:9; μεταλλάσσειν, Rom.1:26; σχίζειν εἰς δύο, Mat.27:51, al.; predicatively with εἴναι, Act.8:23. __IV. Of relation, to, towards, for, in regard to (so in cl., but more frequently in late Gk., εἰς encroaching on the simple dative, which it has wholly displaced in MGr.; Jannaris, Gr., §1541; Robertson, Gr., 594; Deiss., BS, 117f.): Luk.7:30, Rom.4:20, 15:2, 26, 1Co.16:1, Eph.3:16, al.; ἀγάπη εἰς, Rom.5:8, al.; χρηστός, Eph.4:32; φρονεῖν εἰς, Rom.12:16; θαρρεῖν, 2Co.10:1. __V. Of the end or object: εὔθετος εἰς, Luk.14:34; σόφος, Rom.16:19; ἰσχύειν, Mat.5:13; εἰς τοῦτο, Mrk.1:38, al.; ἀφορίζειν εἰς, Rom.1:1; indicating purpose, εἰς φόβον, Rom.8:15; εἰς ἔνδειξιν, Rom.3:25; εἰς τό, with inf. (= ἵνα or ὥστε; Bl., §71, 5; M, Pr., 218ff.): Mat.20:19, Rom.1:11, 1Co.9:18, al. __VI. Adverbial phrases: εἰς τέλος, εἰς τὸ πάλιν, etc (see: τέλος, πάλιν, etc.). (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 1512 NT verses. KJV: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), …ward, (where-)fore, with See also: 1 Corinthians 1:9; 1 Timothy 1:16; 1 Peter 1:2.
την ho G3588 "the/this/who" Art-ASF
The Greek word for 'the' or 'this', used to point out a specific person or thing, like in Acts 17:28. It can also mean 'he', 'she', or 'it'.
Definition: ὁ, ἡ, τό, the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article. __I. As demonstr. pron. __1. As frequently in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): Act.17:28 (quoted from the poet Aratus). __2. Distributive, ὁ μὲν . . . ὁ δέ, the one . . . the other: 1Co.7:7, Gal.4:22; pl., Act.14:4, 17:32, Php.1:16, al.; οἱ μὲν . . . ἄλλοι δέ, Mat.16:14, Jhn.7:12; οἱ μεν̀ . . . ὁδέ, Heb.7:21, 23. __3. In narration (without ὁ μὲν preceding), ὁ δέ, but he: Mat.2:14, Mrk.1:45, Luk.8:21, Jhn.9:38, al. mult. __II. As prepositive article, the, prefixed, __1. to nouns unmodified: ὁ θεός, τὸ φῶς, etc.; to abstract nouns, ἡ σοφία, etc., to pl. nouns which indicate a class, οἱ ἀλώπεκες, foxes, Mat.8:20, al.; to an individual as representing a class, ὁ ἐργάτης, Luk.10:7; with nom. = voc. in addresses, Mat.11:26, Jhn.19:3, Jas.5:1, al.; to things which pertain to one, ἡ χεῖρ, his hand, Mrk.3:1; to names of persons well known or already mentioned; usually to names of countries (originally adjectives), ἡ Ἰουδαία, etc. __2. To modified nouns: with of person(s) pron. genitive, μοῦ, σοῦ, etc.; with poss. pron., ἐμός, σός, etc.; with adj. between the art. and the noun, ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος, Mat.12:35; the noun foll, by adj., both with art., ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός, Jhn.10:11 (on ὁ ὄχλος πολύς, Jhn.12:9, see M, Pr., 84); before adjectival phrases, ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Rom.9:11. __3. To Other parts of speech used as substantives; __(a) neuter adjectives: τ. ἀγαθόν, etc.; __(b) cardinal numerals: ὁ εἶς, οἷ δύο, etc.; __(with) participles: ὁ βαπτίζων (= ὁ Βαπτιστής, Mat.14:2), Mrk.6:14; πᾶς ὁ, with ptcp., every one who, etc.; __(d) adverbs: τὸ πέραν, τὰ νῦν, ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος; __(e) infinitives: nom., τὸ θέλειν, Rom.7:18, al.; genitive, τοῦ, after adjectives, ἄξιον τοῦ πορεύεσθαι, 1Co.16:4; verbs, ἐλαχεν τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι, Luk.1:9; and frequently in a final sense, ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρειν, Mat.13:3 (on the artic. inf., see Bl., §71). __4. In the neut. to sentences, phrases or single words treated as a quotation: τὸ Ἐι δύνῃ, Mrk.9:23; τὸ ἔτι ἅπαξ, Heb.12:27; τὸ ἀνέβη, Eph.4:9, al. __5. To prepositional phrases: οἱ ἀπὸ Ἰταλίας, Heb.13:24; οἱ ἐκ νόμου, Rom.4:14; neut. accusative absol., in adverbial phrases, τὸ καθ᾽ ἡμέραν, daily, Luk.11:3; τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, as regards the flesh, Rom.9:5. __6. To nouns in the genitive, denoting kinship, association, etc.: ὁ τοῦ, the son of (unless context indicates a different relationship), Mat.10:2, al.; τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, the things that pertain to God, Mat.16:23; τὰ τῆς εἰρήνης, Rom.14:19 (cf. M, Pr., 81ff.; Bl, §§46, 47). (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 7033 NT verses. KJV: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc See also: 1 Corinthians 1:1; 1 Corinthians 7:16; 1 Corinthians 11:24.
πολιν polis G4172 "city" Noun-ASF
In the Bible, a city refers to a town with walls, like Jerusalem in Matthew 2:23. It can also mean the people who live there, as in Matthew 10:5. Jesus often visited cities during his ministry.
Definition: πόλις, -εως, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for עִיר ;] a city: Mat.2:23, Mrk.1:45, Luk.4:29, Jhn.4:8, al. mult.; opposite to κῶμαι (κ. καὶ ἀγροί), Mat.9:35 10:11, Mrk.6:56, Luk.8:1 13:22; with nom. propr. in appos. (cl.), Act.11:5 16:14; with id. in genitive appos. (BL, §35, 5), Act.8:5, 2Pe.2:6; genitive, of the region, Luk.1:26 4:31, Jhn.4:5; of the inhabitants, Mat.10:5, 23 Luk.23:51, Act.19:35, 2Co.11:32; with genitive of person(s), of one's residence or native place, Mat.22:7, Luk.2:4, 11 4:29 10:11, Jhn.1:45, Act.16:20, Rev.16:9; of Jerusalem: ἡ ἁγία π., Mat.4:5 27:53, Rev.11:2; ἡ ἠγαπημένη, Rev.20:19; π. τοῦ μεγάλου, Mt 5 ̈35 (cf. Ps 47 (48):2); of the heavenly city in the Apocalyptic visions, Rev.3:12 21:2, 10 14ff. 22:14, 19. By meton., of the inhabitants of a city: Mat.8:34 12:25 21:10, Mrk.1:33, Act.14:21 21:30. (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 154 NT verses. KJV: city See also: 2 Corinthians 11:26; Luke 9:10; Hebrews 11:10.
επεινασεν peinaō G3983 "to hunger" Verb-AAI-3S
To hunger means to feel a strong need or craving for food, like when Jesus fasted for 40 days in Matthew 4:2. It can also be used figuratively to describe a deep desire or longing, as in Matthew 5:6 where it refers to hungering and thirsting for righteousness.
Definition: πεινάω, -ῶ [in LXX chiefly for = רָעֵב ;] to hunger, be hungry: Mat.4:2 12:1, 3 21:18 25:35, 37 25:42, 44, Mrk.2:25 11:12, Luk.1:53 4:2 6:3, Rom.12:20" (LXX), 1Co.4:11 11:21 11:34 Php.4:12, Rev.7:16; metaphorically, Mat.5:6, Luk.6:21, 25, Jhn.6:35.† (AS)
Usage: Occurs in 23 NT verses. KJV: be an hungered See also: 1 Corinthians 4:11; Matthew 4:2; Revelation 7:16.

Study Notes — Matthew 21:18

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Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1 Matthew 4:2 After fasting forty days and forty nights, He was hungry.
2 Hebrews 4:15 For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are, yet was without sin.
3 Matthew 12:1 At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry and began to pick the heads of grain and eat them.
4 Mark 11:12–14 The next day, when they had left Bethany, Jesus was hungry. Seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, He went to see if there was any fruit on it. But when He reached it, He found nothing on it except leaves, since it was not the season for figs. Then He said to the tree, “May no one ever eat of your fruit again.” And His disciples heard this statement.
5 Mark 11:20–24 As they were walking back in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered from its roots. Peter remembered it and said, “Look, Rabbi! The fig tree You cursed has withered.” “Have faith in God,” Jesus said to them. “Truly I tell you that if anyone says to this mountain, ‘Be lifted up and thrown into the sea,’ and has no doubt in his heart but believes that it will happen, it will be done for him. Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask for in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours.
6 Luke 4:2 where for forty days He was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and when they had ended, He was hungry.

Matthew 21:18 Summary

This verse, Matthew 21:18, tells us that Jesus was hungry one morning, which shows us that He was fully human and experienced physical needs just like we do. It reminds us that Jesus understands what it's like to be hungry and weak, as stated in Hebrews 4:15. Jesus' humanity is an important part of who He is, and it helps us understand that He can relate to us in our own struggles and needs (as seen in John 1:14). By knowing that Jesus was hungry, we can trust that He will provide for our needs, just as He provided for His own needs, and as promised in Philippians 4:19.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why was Jesus hungry in the morning?

Jesus, being fully human, experienced physical needs like hunger, as seen in Matthew 21:18, and this reminds us that He understands our weaknesses, as stated in Hebrews 4:15.

Is this verse implying that Jesus was somehow imperfect because He felt hunger?

No, Jesus' hunger does not imply imperfection; rather, it highlights His humanity, as stated in John 1:14, and it does not diminish His divinity.

How does Jesus' hunger relate to our spiritual lives?

Jesus' physical hunger can remind us of our spiritual hunger for God, as expressed in Matthew 5:6, where those who hunger and thirst for righteousness are blessed.

What can we learn from Jesus' actions when He was hungry?

We can learn that even in our physical needs, we can trust God for provision, as Jesus did, and as taught in Philippians 4:19, where God supplies all our needs according to His riches in Christ Jesus.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do I respond to my own physical and spiritual hungers, and do I trust God to provide for them?
  2. In what ways can I, like Jesus, use my daily experiences, including my needs and desires, to seek a deeper connection with God?
  3. What are some ways I can cultivate a sense of dependence on God for all my needs, just as Jesus relied on His Father?
  4. How can recognizing Jesus' humanity, including His experience of hunger, deepen my understanding of His love and sacrifice for me?

Gill's Exposition on Matthew 21:18

Now in the morning,.... Greek "in the first", or morning light, in the dawn, or break of day, the first spring of light; so the Latins (s) use "prima luce" for early in the morning, as soon as ever

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Matthew 21:18

And when he was come into Jerusalem, all the city was moved, saying, Who is this? For the exposition, see Luke 19:1-48 after 5:44; and the notes at Mark 11:12-26.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Matthew 21:18

See Poole on "".

Trapp's Commentary on Matthew 21:18

18 Now in the morning as he returned into the city, he hungered. Ver. 18. As he returned into the city] There his work lay chiefly; thither therefore he goes early, and had forgotten, for haste, to take his breakfast, as it may seem, for ere he came to the city he was hungry, though it were but a step thither. A good man’ s heart is in the place where his calling is: such a one, when he is visiting friends or so, is like a fish in the air; whereunto if it leap for recreation or necessity, yet it soon returns to its own element.

Ellicott's Commentary on Matthew 21:18

(18) In the morning.—The word implies “daybreak,” probably about 5 A.M. This was the usual Jewish time for the first food of the day. If we may infer from Luke 21:37, John 18:1, that the greater part of the night had been spent either in solitary prayer or in converse with the disciples, we have an explanation of the exhaustion which sought food wherever there might seem even a chance of finding it.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Matthew 21:18

Verse 18. Now in the morning, as he returned into the city] Which was his custom from the time he wholly left Jerusalem, spending only the day time teaching in the temple; see Matthew 21:17. This was probably on Thursday, the 12th day of the month Nisan. He hungered - Probably neither he, nor his disciples, had any thing but what they got from public charity; and the hand of that seems to have been cold at this time.

Cambridge Bible on Matthew 21:18

18–22. The Cursing of the Fig-Tree Mark 11:12-14; Mark 11:20-24. St Mark places this incident before the “Cleansing of the Temple,” see note Matthew 21:12-14. 19 a fig tree] Rather, a single fig-tree. found nothing thereon, but leaves only] The fig-tree loses its leaves in the winter: indeed it looks particularly bare with its white naked branches. One species, however, puts forth fruit and leaves in the very early spring, the fruit appearing before the leaves. It was doubtless a fig-tree of this kind that Jesus observed, and seeing the leaves expected to find fruit thereon. At the time of the Passover the first leaf-buds would scarcely have appeared on the common fig-tree, while this year’s ripe fruit would not be found till four months later. The teaching of the incident depends on this circumstance (comp. Luke 13:6-9). The early fig-tree, conspicuous among its leafless brethren, seemed alone to make a show of fruit and to invite inspection. So Israel, alone among the nations of the world, held forth a promise. From Israel alone could fruit be expected; but none was found, and their harvest-time was past. Therefore Israel perished as a nation, while the Gentile races, barren hitherto, but now on the verge of their spring-time, were ready to burst into blossom and bear fruit. presently=immediately; cp. French présentement. the fig tree withered away] From St Mark we gather that the disciples observed the effect of the curse on the day after it was pronounced by Jesus.

Whedon's Commentary on Matthew 21:18

Monday of Passion Week.§§ 112, 113. — THE FIG TREE , vv. AND ITS LESSON OF FAITH, Matthew 21:18-22.The triumphal entry, the cleansing of the temple, and the withering of the fig tree, are a series of

Sermons on Matthew 21:18

SermonDescription
Carter Conlon The Day the Sun Stood Still by Carter Conlon In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Joshua and the battle against the five powerful kings. The preacher emphasizes the importance of learning from past experiences
Carter Conlon Footsteps in the Hallway by Carter Conlon In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the need for individuals to let go of their old ways and rely on God for salvation. He describes a moment of realization where a person under
Avi Lipkin Islamic Spiritual War #2 - Wake Up America by Avi Lipkin The video mentioned in the sermon transcripts is not described in detail, but it is implied that it highlights how the media can focus on one person while ignoring the surrounding
Erlo Stegen Behold, Your King Comes to You by Erlo Stegen In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the passage from the Bible where Jesus enters Jerusalem and is hailed as the king. The preacher emphasizes the importance of recognizing and
Carter Conlon The Time Has Come to Face the Mountain by Carter Conlon In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the depth of God's love for humanity and the need for repentance. Jesus enters the temple and drives out those who are profiting from their
J. Glyn Owen Mark - Child in Peril, Parent in Prayer by J. Glyn Owen The sermon is based on the story of a mother who brings her demon-possessed daughter to Jesus for help. The preacher emphasizes the importance of taking our problems to Jesus and r
Lance Lambert Israel & the World by Lance Lambert In this sermon, the speaker discusses the story of Jonah and how it relates to our own lives. He emphasizes that Jonah was not a small man, but rather someone who became a prisoner

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