Joshua 19:38
Joshua 19:38 in Multiple Translations
Iron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh. There were nineteen cities, along with their villages.
And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
and Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
And Iron and Migdal-el, Horem and Beth-anath and Beth-shemesh; nineteen towns with their unwalled places.
Yiron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh—nineteen towns with their associated villages.
And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anah, and Beth-shemesh: nineteene cities with their villages.
and Iron, and Migdal-El, Horem, and Beth-Anath, and Beth-Shemesh; nineteen cities and their villages.
Iron, Migdal El, Horem, Beth Anath, and Beth Shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh; nineteen cities with their villages.
And Jeron and Magdalel, Herem, and Bethanath and Bethsames: nineteen cities, and their villages.
Iron, Migdal-El, Horem, Beth-Anath, and Beth-Shemesh. Altogether there were 19 cities and the surrounding villages.
Berean Amplified Bible — Joshua 19:38
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Joshua 19:38 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/יִרְאוֹן֙
וּ/מִגְדַּל
אֵ֔ל
חֳרֵ֥ם
וּ/בֵית
עֲנָ֖ת
וּ/בֵ֣ית
שָׁ֑מֶשׁ
עָרִ֥ים
תְּשַֽׁע
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה
וְ/חַצְרֵי/הֶֽן
וְ/יִרְאוֹן֙
Yirʼôwn
H3375
Yiron
Conj | N-proper
וּ/מִגְדַּל
Migdal-ʼÊl
H4027
Migdal-el
Conj | N-proper
אֵ֔ל
Migdal-ʼÊl
H4027
Migdal-el
N-proper
חֳרֵ֥ם
Chŏrêm
H2765
Horem
N-proper
וּ/בֵית
Bêyth ʻĂnâth
H1043
Beth-anath
Conj | N-proper
עֲנָ֖ת
Bêyth ʻĂnâth
H1043
Beth-anath
N-proper
וּ/בֵ֣ית
Bêyth Shemesh
H1053
Heliopolis
Conj | N-proper
שָׁ֑מֶשׁ
Bêyth Shemesh
H1053
Heliopolis
N-proper
עָרִ֥ים
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-fp
תְּשַֽׁע
têshaʻ
H8672
nine
Adj
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
ten
Adj
וְ/חַצְרֵי/הֶֽן
châtsêr
H2691
court
Conj | N-cp | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Joshua 19:38
וְ/יִרְאוֹן֙
Yirʼôwn
H3375
"Yiron"
Conj | N-proper
Yiron is a place in Palestine, mentioned in the Bible as a city in the territory of Naphtali. Its name means 'fearing' in Hebrew. It's a geographic location, not a concept or emotion.
Definition: § Iron = "fearing" a city of Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Iron. See also: Joshua 19:38.
וּ/מִגְדַּל
Migdal-ʼÊl
H4027
"Migdal-el"
Conj | N-proper
Migdal-El means tower of God, a fortified town in Naphtali. The name signifies a strong, God-protected location.
Definition: § Migdal-el = "tower of God" one of the fortified towns in Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Migdal-el. See also: Joshua 19:38.
אֵ֔ל
Migdal-ʼÊl
H4027
"Migdal-el"
N-proper
Migdal-El means tower of God, a fortified town in Naphtali. The name signifies a strong, God-protected location.
Definition: § Migdal-el = "tower of God" one of the fortified towns in Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Migdal-el. See also: Joshua 19:38.
חֳרֵ֥ם
Chŏrêm
H2765
"Horem"
N-proper
Chorem refers to a fortified town in Naphtali, meaning sacred place. It is one of the towns in Palestine, mentioned in the Bible as a significant location.
Definition: § Horem = "sacred" one of the fortified towns in Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Horem. See also: Joshua 19:38.
וּ/בֵית
Bêyth ʻĂnâth
H1043
"Beth-anath"
Conj | N-proper
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Definition: § Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)" a place in Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Beth-anath. See also: Joshua 19:38; Judges 1:33.
עֲנָ֖ת
Bêyth ʻĂnâth
H1043
"Beth-anath"
N-proper
Beth-anath means house of response or affliction, a place in Naphtali. The name has a similar tone to Beth-anoth, implying a place of answers or troubles. It is mentioned in the Bible as a location in ancient Israel.
Definition: § Beth-anath = "house of response (or affliction)" a place in Naphtali
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Beth-anath. See also: Joshua 19:38; Judges 1:33.
וּ/בֵ֣ית
Bêyth Shemesh
H1053
"Heliopolis"
Conj | N-proper
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Definition: Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple" a town in Egypt Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: Beth-shemesh. See also: Joshua 15:10; 1 Samuel 6:19; Jeremiah 43:13.
שָׁ֑מֶשׁ
Bêyth Shemesh
H1053
"Heliopolis"
N-proper
Beth-shemesh was a town in ancient Palestine, also known as Heliopolis. Its name means house of the sun or sun-temple, and it was an important location in biblical times.
Definition: Beth-shemesh = "house of the sun" or "sun-temple" a town in Egypt Another name of on (אֹן "On" H0204)
Usage: Occurs in 19 OT verses. KJV: Beth-shemesh. See also: Joshua 15:10; 1 Samuel 6:19; Jeremiah 43:13.
עָרִ֥ים
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-fp
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
תְּשַֽׁע
têshaʻ
H8672
"nine"
Adj
This Hebrew word means the number nine, used for counting or describing quantities. It can also mean ninth when describing order or sequence.
Definition: 1) nine, nonad 1a) nine (as cardinal number) 1b) ninth (as ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers
Usage: Occurs in 57 OT verses. KJV: nine ([phrase] -teen, [phrase] -teenth, -th). See also: Genesis 5:5; Judges 4:13; Jeremiah 39:2.
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה
ʻâsâr
H6240
"ten"
Adj
In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.
Definition: 1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers) 1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19
Usage: Occurs in 292 OT verses. KJV: (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-th), [phrase] sixscore thousand, [phrase] twelve(-th). See also: Genesis 5:8; Joshua 21:7; 1 Chronicles 25:27.
וְ/חַצְרֵי/הֶֽן
châtsêr
H2691
"court"
Conj | N-cp | Suff
A village in the Bible is a small settlement surrounded by walls. In Matthew 21:2, Jesus sends his disciples to a village to find a donkey, while in Mark 6:6, Jesus travels from village to village teaching.
Definition: 1) court, enclosure 1a) enclosures 1b) court
Usage: Occurs in 163 OT verses. KJV: court, tower, village. See also: Genesis 25:16; 2 Chronicles 24:21; Psalms 10:8.
Study Notes — Joshua 19:38
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Joshua 19:38 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Joshua 19:38
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 19:38
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
- Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
- Cambridge Bible on Joshua 19:38
- Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
Context — Naphtali’s Inheritance
36Adamah, Ramah, Hazor,
37Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor,
38Iron, Migdal-el, Horem, Beth-anath, and Beth-shemesh. There were nineteen cities, along with their villages.
39This was the inheritance of the clans of the tribe of Naphtali, including these cities and their villages. 40The seventh lot came out for the clans of the tribe of Dan:Joshua 19:38 Summary
Joshua 19:38 lists the cities that were given to the tribe of Naphtali as their inheritance, showing God's faithfulness in providing for His people, just like He promised in Deuteronomy 1:8. The cities and villages mentioned in this verse were important for the tribe's survival and prosperity, and demonstrate the importance of community and mutual care, as seen in Acts 2:44-47. This verse reminds us that, as believers, we have a spiritual inheritance, as described in Ephesians 1:11-14, and that we can trust in God's provision and faithfulness in our own lives, as encouraged in Psalm 37:3-7. By looking at this verse, we can see the value of community and relationships in our own lives, and be encouraged to build strong, supportive connections with others, as taught in Romans 12:4-5.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the cities listed in Joshua 19:38?
The cities listed in Joshua 19:38, such as Iron, Migdal-el, and Beth-shemesh, were part of the inheritance of the tribe of Naphtali, as described in Joshua 19:39, and were important for their survival and prosperity, just like the cities of refuge mentioned in Numbers 35:6 and Deuteronomy 19:2-7.
Why does the verse mention the number of cities?
The verse mentions that there were nineteen cities, along with their villages, to emphasize the abundance of the inheritance given to the tribe of Naphtali, as seen in Joshua 19:39, and to highlight God's faithfulness in providing for His people, as promised in Joshua 1:3 and Deuteronomy 1:8.
What can we learn from the village system mentioned in this verse?
The village system, mentioned in Joshua 19:38, shows that the Israelites lived in community, relying on each other for support and protection, similar to the early Christian church described in Acts 2:44-47, and demonstrates the importance of community and mutual care in our own lives, as taught in Galatians 6:2 and Hebrews 10:24-25.
How does this verse relate to the broader context of the book of Joshua?
Joshua 19:38 is part of the larger narrative of the conquest and division of the promised land, as described in Joshua 1:1-12:24, and serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the Israelites, as seen in Joshua 21:43-45 and 23:14-16.
Reflection Questions
- What does the listing of these specific cities reveal about God's character and His relationship with the Israelites?
- How does the concept of inheritance, mentioned in this verse, relate to our own spiritual inheritance as believers, as described in Ephesians 1:11-14 and Colossians 1:12?
- In what ways can we, like the Israelites, trust in God's provision and faithfulness in our own lives, as encouraged in Psalm 37:3-7 and Proverbs 3:5-6?
- What role does community play in our own lives, and how can we, like the Israelites, build strong, supportive relationships with others, as taught in Romans 12:4-5 and 1 Corinthians 12:12-27?
Gill's Exposition on Joshua 19:38
And Iron,.... Of Iron no mention is made elsewhere; and Migdalel, which Jerom calls Magdiel, he says (m) was shown a small village, five miles from Dara, as you go to Ptolemais; and Horem is not
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 19:38
And Iron, and Migdal-el, Horem, and Bethanath, and Beth-she'mesh; nineteen cities with their villages. Iron , [Septuagint, Kerooe].
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
Nineteen cities: See Poole "", See Poole "", See Poole "".
Ellicott's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
(38) Migdal-el and Horem are identified as Kh.-Mujeidil and Hârah on sheet 2, further north again; and Beth-anath as ‘Ainatha (sheet 4).
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
Verse 38. Nineteen cities] But if these cities be separately enumerated they amount to twenty-three; this is probably occasioned by reckoning frontier cities belonging to other tribes, which are only mentioned here as the boundaries of the tribe. See Clarke on Joshua 19:30.
Cambridge Bible on Joshua 19:38
38. Iron] has not been identified. Migdal-el has been by some supposed to be the Magdala of Mat 15:39, the place of which is now occupied by a miserable collection of hovels known as el-Mejdel, on the western side of the Lake of Gennesareth, and at the S. E. corner of the plain. Neither Horem, Beth-anath, nor Beth-shemesh has at present been identified.
Whedon's Commentary on Joshua 19:38
38. Iron is probably the modern Yaron, ten miles west of Lake Merom.