Exodus 23:12

Exodus 23:12 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, so that your ox and your donkey may rest and the son of your maidservant may be refreshed, as well as the foreign resident.

King James Version KJV

Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.

American Standard Version ASV

Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest; that thine ox and thine ass may have rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the sojourner, may be refreshed.

Bible in Basic English BBE

For six days do your work, and on the seventh day keep the Sabbath; so that your ox and your ass may have rest, together with the son of your servant and the man from a strange land living among you.

Free Bible Version FBV

You have six days to do your work, but on the seventh day you must stop working, so that your ox and your donkey can rest, and your slaves' families can catch their breath, as well as the foreigners living among you.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

Sixe dayes thou shalt do thy worke, and in the seuenth day thou shalt rest, that thine oxe, and thine asse may rest, and the sonne of thy maide and the stranger may be refreshed.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

'Six days thou dost do thy work, and on the seventh day thou dost rest, so that thine ox and thine ass doth rest, and the son of thine handmaid and the sojourner is refreshed;

World English Bible WEB

“Six days you shall do your work, and on the seventh day you shall rest, that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your servant, and the alien may be refreshed.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thy ox and thy ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

Six days thou shalt work: the seventh day thou shalt cease, that thy ox and thy ass may rest: and the son of thy handmaid and the stranger may be refreshed.

Translation for Translators T4T

You may work for six days each week, but on the seventh day you must rest and not work. And on the seventh day you must allow your work animals and your slaves and the foreigners who live among you also to rest and be refreshed.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 23:12

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

Exodus 23:12 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB שֵׁ֤שֶׁת יָמִים֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה מַעֲשֶׂ֔י/ךָ וּ/בַ/יּ֥וֹם הַ/שְּׁבִיעִ֖י תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת לְמַ֣עַן יָנ֗וּחַ שֽׁוֹרְ/ךָ֙ וַ/חֲמֹרֶ֔/ךָ וְ/יִנָּפֵ֥שׁ בֶּן אֲמָתְ/ךָ֖ וְ/הַ/גֵּֽר

שֵׁ֤שֶׁת shêsh H8337 six Adj

יָמִים֙ yôwm H3117 day N-mp

תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה ʻâsâh H6213 to make V-Qal-Imperf-2ms

מַעֲשֶׂ֔י/ךָ maʻăseh H4639 deed N-mp | Suff

וּ/בַ/יּ֥וֹם yôwm H3117 day Conj | Prep | N-ms

הַ/שְּׁבִיעִ֖י shᵉbîyʻîy H7637 seventh Art | Adj

תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת shâbath H7673 to cease V-Qal-Imperf-2ms

לְמַ֣עַן maʻan H4616 because Prep

יָנ֗וּחַ nûwach H5117 to rest V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

שֽׁוֹרְ/ךָ֙ shôwr H7794 cattle N-ms | Suff

וַ/חֲמֹרֶ֔/ךָ chămôwr H2543 donkey Conj | N-cs | Suff

וְ/יִנָּפֵ֥שׁ nâphash H5314 be refreshed Conj | V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms

בֶּן bên H1121 son N-ms

אֲמָתְ/ךָ֖ ʼâmâh H519 maidservant N-fs | Suff

וְ/הַ/גֵּֽר gêr H1616 sojourner Conj | Art | N-ms

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 23:12

שֵׁ֤שֶׁת shêsh H8337 "six" Adj

This Hebrew word means the number six, and is often used in the Bible to describe measurements, like the six days of creation in Genesis 1.

Definition: 1) six 1a) six (cardinal number) 1b) sixth (ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers Aramaic equivalent: shet (שֵׁת "six" H8353)

Usage: Occurs in 202 OT verses. KJV: six(-teen, -teenth), sixth. See also: Genesis 7:6; 1 Kings 6:6; Proverbs 6:16.

יָמִים֙ yôwm H3117 "day" N-mp

The Hebrew word 'yom' refers to a day, which can be a literal 24-hour period or a figurative space of time. It is used in the Bible to describe a wide range of time periods, from a single day to a year or a lifetime. The word 'yom' is used in many different contexts throughout the Bible.

Definition: : day/when/time/period 1) day, time, year 1a) day (as opposed to night) 1b) day (24 hour period) 1b1) as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1 1b2) as a division of time 1b2a) a working day, a day's journey 1c) days, lifetime (pl.) 1d) time, period (general) 1e) year 1f) temporal references 1f1) today 1f2) yesterday 1f3) tomorrow

Usage: Occurs in 1930 OT verses. KJV: age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. See also: Genesis 1:5; Genesis 33:13; Exodus 23:15.

תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה ʻâsâh H6213 "to make" V-Qal-Imperf-2ms

This verb means to make or do something, and is used over 2,600 times in the Bible. It is first used in Genesis 1:7 to describe God's creation of the world and is also used in Exodus 31:5 to describe the work of skilled craftsmen.

Definition: : make(OBJECT) 1) to do, fashion, accomplish, make 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to do, work, make, produce 1a1a) to do 1a1b) to work 1a1c) to deal (with) 1a1d) to act, act with effect, effect 1a2) to make 1a2a) to make 1a2b) to produce 1a2c) to prepare 1a2d) to make (an offering) 1a2e) to attend to, put in order 1a2f) to observe, celebrate 1a2g) to acquire (property) 1a2h) to appoint, ordain, institute 1a2i) to bring about 1a2j) to use 1a2k) to spend, pass 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be done 1b2) to be made 1b3) to be produced 1b4) to be offered 1b5) to be observed 1b6) to be used 1c) (Pual) to be made

Usage: Occurs in 2286 OT verses. KJV: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. See also: Genesis 1:7; Genesis 34:19; Exodus 18:24.

מַעֲשֶׂ֔י/ךָ maʻăseh H4639 "deed" N-mp | Suff

This Hebrew word refers to an action or deed, which can be good or bad. It is used to describe various activities, such as work, business, or achievements. The KJV translates it as act, deed, or labor.

Definition: : judgement/punishment 1) deed, work 1a) deed, thing done, act 1b) work, labour 1c) business, pursuit 1d) undertaking, enterprise 1e) achievement 1f) deeds, works (of deliverance and judgment) 1g) work, thing made 1h) work (of God) 1i) product

Usage: Occurs in 221 OT verses. KJV: act, art, [phrase] bakemeat, business, deed, do(-ing), labor, thing made, ware of making, occupation, thing offered, operation, possession, [idiom] well, (handy-, needle-, net-) work(ing, -manship), wrought. See also: Genesis 5:29; Job 1:10; Psalms 8:4.

וּ/בַ/יּ֥וֹם yôwm H3117 "day" Conj | Prep | N-ms

הַ/שְּׁבִיעִ֖י shᵉbîyʻîy H7637 "seventh" Art | Adj

The Hebrew word for seventh, this term is an ordinal number used to describe something in the seventh position. It appears in the Bible as seventh time.

Definition: 1) seventh 1a) ordinal number

Usage: Occurs in 94 OT verses. KJV: seventh (time). See also: Genesis 2:2; Numbers 29:12; Jeremiah 28:17.

תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת shâbath H7673 "to cease" V-Qal-Imperf-2ms

To keep the Sabbath means to rest and stop working, as commanded by God in the book of Exodus. This Hebrew word is used to describe the act of observing the Sabbath day, and is an important part of Jewish tradition and worship.

Definition: 1) to cease, desist, rest 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to cease 1a2) to rest, desist (from labour) 1b) (Niphal) to cease 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to cause to cease, put an end to 1c2) to exterminate, destroy 1c3) to cause to desist from 1c4) to remove 1c5) to cause to fail

Usage: Occurs in 67 OT verses. KJV: (cause to, let, make to) cease, celebrate, cause (make) to fail, keep (sabbath), suffer to be lacking, leave, put away (down), (make to) rest, rid, still, take away. See also: Genesis 2:2; Isaiah 14:4; Psalms 8:3.

לְמַ֣עַן maʻan H4616 "because" Prep

This Hebrew word means because of something or for a specific purpose. It is used to explain why something happens or is done. In the Bible, it is used to describe God's intentions or purposes.

Definition: 1) purpose, intent prep 1a) for the sake of 1b) in view of, on account of 1c) for the purpose of, to the intent that, in order to conj 1d) to the end that

Usage: Occurs in 252 OT verses. KJV: because of, to the end (intent) that, for (to,... 's sake), [phrase] lest, that, to. See also: Genesis 12:13; 2 Kings 13:23; Psalms 5:9.

יָנ֗וּחַ nûwach H5117 "to rest" V-Qal-Imperf-3ms

To rest means to settle down and remain in one place, and can be used literally or figuratively. This verb appears in many parts of the Bible, including Exodus 20:11 and Matthew 11:28.

Definition: 1) to rest 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to rest, settle down and remain 1a2) to repose, have rest, be quiet 1b) (Hiph) 1b1) to cause to rest, give rest to, make quiet 1b2) to cause to rest, cause to alight, set down 1b3) to lay or set down, deposit, let lie, place 1b4) to let remain, leave 1b5) to leave, depart from 1b6) to abandon 1b7) to permit 1c) (Hoph) 1c1) to obtain rest, be granted rest 1c2) to be left, be placed 1c3) open space (subst) Also means: ya.nach (יָנַח "to rest" H3240)

Usage: Occurs in 67 OT verses. KJV: cease, be confederate, lay, let down, (be) quiet, remain, (cause to, be at, give, have, make to) rest, set down. Compare H3241 (יָנִים). See also: Genesis 8:4; Nehemiah 9:28; Psalms 125:3.

שֽׁוֹרְ/ךָ֙ shôwr H7794 "cattle" N-ms | Suff

This word refers to cattle, like oxen or bulls, used for work, food, or sacrifices, as seen in Genesis and Leviticus.

Definition: 1) ox, bull, a head of cattle 1a) for plowing, for food, as sacrifice Aramaic equivalent: tor (תּוֹר "bullock" H8450)

Usage: Occurs in 69 OT verses. KJV: bull(-ock), cow, ox, wall (by mistake for H7791 (שׁוּר)). See also: Genesis 32:6; Deuteronomy 15:19; Psalms 69:32.

וַ/חֲמֹרֶ֔/ךָ chămôwr H2543 "donkey" Conj | N-cs | Suff

The Hebrew word for a male donkey, it is translated as he ass in the KJV Bible. The name comes from the animal's reddish-brown color.

Definition: (he) ass

Usage: Occurs in 93 OT verses. KJV: (he) ass. See also: Genesis 12:16; Judges 6:4; Proverbs 26:3.

וְ/יִנָּפֵ֥שׁ nâphash H5314 "be refreshed" Conj | V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms

This Hebrew word means to breathe or be refreshed, often used in the Bible to describe a sense of relief or rejuvenation. It can be translated as 'refresh' or 'take breath' in the KJV. It is used in Psalms to describe the refreshing presence of God.

Definition: (Niphal) to take breath, refresh oneself

Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: (be) refresh selves (-ed). See also: Exodus 23:12; Exodus 31:17; 2 Samuel 16:14.

בֶּן bên H1121 "son" N-ms

In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.

Definition: : child/son

Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.

אֲמָתְ/ךָ֖ ʼâmâh H519 "maidservant" N-fs | Suff

A maidservant is a female slave or servant, like the ones mentioned in the stories of Abraham and Sarah in the book of Genesis.

Definition: 1) maid-servant, female slave, maid, handmaid, concubine 1a) of humility (fig.)

Usage: Occurs in 49 OT verses. KJV: (hand-) bondmaid(-woman), maid(-servant). See also: Genesis 20:17; Judges 9:18; Psalms 86:16.

וְ/הַ/גֵּֽר gêr H1616 "sojourner" Conj | Art | N-ms

A sojourner is a foreigner or temporary resident, lacking inherited rights, but often given concessions in Israel. This term appears in the Bible to describe outsiders living among God's people.

Definition: 1) sojourner 1a) a temporary inhabitant, a newcomer lacking inherited rights 1b) of foreigners in Israel, though conceded rights

Usage: Occurs in 83 OT verses. KJV: alien, sojourner, stranger. See also: Genesis 15:13; Deuteronomy 10:19; Psalms 39:13.

Study Notes — Exodus 23:12

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
Exodus 23:12 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 23:12
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 23:12
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 23:12
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 23:12
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 23:12
Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 23:12
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 23:12
Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 23:12
Sermons on Exodus 23:12

Context — Sabbath Laws

10For six years you are to sow your land and gather its produce, 11but in the seventh year you must let it rest and lie fallow, so that the poor among your people may eat from the field and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and olive grove.

12For six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, so that your ox and your donkey may rest and the son of your maidservant may be refreshed, as well as the foreign resident.

13Pay close attention to everything I have said to you. You must not invoke the names of other gods; they must not be heard on your lips. 14Three times a year you are to celebrate a feast to Me.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Luke 13:14	But the synagogue leader was indignant that Jesus had healed on the Sabbath. “There are six days for work,” he told the crowd. “So come and be healed on those days and not on the Sabbath.”
2	Exodus 34:21	Six days you shall labor, but on the seventh day you shall rest; even in the seasons of plowing and harvesting, you must rest.
3	Exodus 35:3	Do not light a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day.”
4	Exodus 20:8–11	Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant or livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that is in them, but on the seventh day He rested. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and set it apart as holy.
5	Deuteronomy 5:13–15	Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God, on which you must not do any work—neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your ox or donkey or any of your livestock, nor the foreigner within your gates, so that your manservant and maidservant may rest as you do. Remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and that the LORD your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. That is why the LORD your God has commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.
6	Exodus 31:15–16	For six days work may be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the LORD. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day must surely be put to death. The Israelites must keep the Sabbath, celebrating it as a permanent covenant for the generations to come.
7	Isaiah 58:3	“Why have we fasted, and You have not seen? Why have we humbled ourselves, and You have not noticed?” “Behold, on the day of your fast, you do as you please, and you oppress all your workers.

Exodus 23:12 Summary

This verse is telling us that God wants us to work for six days, but on the seventh day, we should rest and let others rest too, like our animals and the people who work for us. This is so that everyone can be refreshed and rejuvenated, just like God rested on the seventh day after creating the world (Genesis 2:2-3). By keeping the Sabbath day holy, we are remembering God's creation and his love for us, and we are also giving ourselves and others a chance to rest and focus on God (Exodus 20:8-11). This principle can still be applied today by prioritizing rest and worship on a regular basis.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did God command the Israelites to rest on the seventh day?

God commanded the Israelites to rest on the seventh day so that their animals and servants could also rest and be refreshed, as seen in Exodus 23:12. This principle is also echoed in Exodus 20:10, where God commands the Israelites to remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy.

What is the significance of including the son of the maidservant and the foreign resident in this command?

The inclusion of the son of the maidservant and the foreign resident in Exodus 23:12 emphasizes God's concern for the well-being of all people, regardless of their social status, as also seen in Leviticus 19:34 and Deuteronomy 10:19.

How does this command relate to our lives today?

While the specific command to rest on the seventh day was given to the Israelites, the principle of resting and giving others rest is still relevant today, as seen in Hebrews 4:9-11, where believers are encouraged to enter into God's rest.

What does it mean to 'cease' from work on the seventh day?

To 'cease' from work on the seventh day means to stop all normal activities and labor, and instead focus on rest, worship, and rejuvenation, as commanded in Exodus 23:12 and Exodus 34:21.

Reflection Questions

How can I apply the principle of resting and giving others rest in my own life, and what changes might I need to make to prioritize this?
What are some ways I can ensure that those who work for me or with me are also able to rest and be refreshed, just like the son of the maidservant and the foreign resident in Exodus 23:12?
How does remembering the Sabbath day and keeping it holy, as commanded in Exodus 20:8-11, relate to my own walk with God and my relationship with others?
What are some practical ways I can honor God's command to rest and give others rest, and what benefits might I experience as a result?

Gill's Exposition on Exodus 23:12

Six days thou shalt do thy work,.... That is, they might do what work they would on the six days of the week: and on the seventh day thou shall rest; from all the work and labour done on other days,

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 23:12

Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed. Six days thou shalt do thy work.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 23:12

This command is here repeated, lest any should think the weekly rest might cease when the whole year was consecrated to rest. There were three sorts of sabbaths to the Jews: 1. Of days. 2. Of years, to wit; the seventh year. 3. Of weeks of years, to wit, the jubilee; and all these are types of the eternal rest in heaven.

Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 23:12

Exodus 23:12 Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.Ver. 12. Six days.]

Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 23:12

(12) The law of the weekly Sabbath is here repeated in conjunction with that of the Sabbatical year, to mark the intimate connection between the two, which were parts of one and the same system—a system which culminated in the Jubilee year (Leviticus 25:8-13). Nothing is added to the requirements of the fourth commandment; but the merciful intention of the Sabbath day is more fully brought out—it is to be kept in order that the cattle may rest, and the slave and stranger may be refreshed.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on Exodus 23:12

Verse 12. Six days thou shalt do thy work] Though they were thus bound to keep the sabbatical year, yet they must not neglect the seventh day's rest or weekly Sabbath; for that was of perpetual obligation, and was paramount to all others. That the sanctification of the Sabbath was of great consequence in the sight of God, we may learn from the various repetitions of this law; and we may observe that it has still for its object, not only the benefit of the soul, but the health and comfort of the body also. Doth God care for oxen? Yes; and he mentions them with tenderness, that thine ox and thine ass may rest. How criminal to employ the labouring cattle on the Sabbath, as well as upon the other days of the week! More cattle are destroyed in England than in any other part of the world, in proportion, by excessive and continued labour. The noble horse in general has no Sabbath! Does God look on this with an indifferent eye? Surely he does not. "England," said a foreigner, "is the paradise of women, the purgatory of servants, and the hell of horses. The son of thy handmaid, and the stranger - be refreshed.] ינפש yinnaphesh may be respirited or new-souled; have a complete renewal both of bodily and spiritual strength. The expression used by Moses here is very like that used by St. Paul, Acts 3:19: "Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing (καιροιαναψυξεως, the times of re-souling) shall come from the presence of the Lord;" alluding, probably, to those times of refreshing and rest for body and soul originally instituted under the law.

Cambridge Bible on Exodus 23:12

12. The sabbath, treated here as a day of cessation from (in particular) field-labour, designed with a humanitarian end. thy work] The word (ma‘ǎ ?seh),—which is not the same as the one (melβ’khβh) rendered ‘work’ in Exodus 20:10,—though in itself a general one, seems rather from the context to suggest work in the field: cf. v. 16, where it is twice rendered ‘labours’; also Deuteronomy 14:29; Deuteronomy 16:15; Deuteronomy 24:19; Deu_Exodus 28:12 (note in each case the context). rest] desist (from work), or keep sabbath (RVm.): see on Exodus 20:8. and thine ass may rest] as Exodus 20:11. This is the word that expresses the positive idea of rest (Job 3:13; Job 3:17). (‘Have rest’ in RV. is intended for distinction from ‘rest’ just before; but it is better to be express the distinction by giving a more exact rendering of shβbath.) the son of thy bondwoman] i.e. a slave ‘born in the house’ (cf. on Exodus 12:44), of parents who were themselves slaves—intended, it must be supposed, to represent slaves in general (cf. Deuteronomy 5:14 end): as Di. remarks, most slaves were probably of this kind. Bertholet (Die Stellung der Isr. u. der Juden zu den Fremden, p. 55) and Bδ. think ‘the son of thy concubine’ to be meant (cf. the sense of ’βmβh in Exodus 21:7 [see note]); but there seems no sufficient reason for this limitation. the sojourner] the sojourner in thy employment (Exodus 20:10). be refreshed] properly, get breath: so Exodus 31:17, 2 Samuel 16:14†.

Whedon's Commentary on Exodus 23:12

12. The seventh day — See note on Exodus 20:8.

Sermons on Exodus 23:12

	Sermon	Description
	Our Lord Teaching Regarding the Sabbath Mark 2:23 to 3:6 by R.A. Torrey	R.A. Torrey emphasizes that the Sabbath was created for the benefit of humanity, not as a burden, and that the needs of people take precedence over rigid ceremonial laws. He illust
	Jesus Interprets the Law by Paul Bramsen	Paul Bramsen preaches about the wisdom of interpreting daily experiences, making personal rules for living, considering others' experiences, and ultimately obeying the words of God
	Weighed in the Balance (Sermon Reading) by D.L. Moody	In this sermon, the preacher begins by describing a scene of chaos and destruction, emphasizing the importance of paying attention to the word "Tinkle." He then urges the congregat
	Beginning of the End by Alan Redpath	In this sermon, the preacher discusses the Feeding of the Five Thousand, where Jesus teaches his disciples a valuable lesson. The preacher emphasizes the importance of giving every
	How to Bring Your Children to Christ by Ray Comfort	In this sermon, the speaker shares personal experiences and observations about the transformative power of God's word. He emphasizes the importance of having a fear of God and reco
	(God and Man) Entering God's Sabbath Rest by Zac Poonen	In this sermon, the speaker shares his personal experience of dedicating Wednesdays and Saturdays to fasting and prayer. He and another brother would spend hours in prayer after th
	(Exodus) Exodus 20:8-17 by J. Vernon McGee	In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the fourth commandment, which is to remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy. He explains that the Sabbath was given to the nation of Israe