Exodus 22:14
Exodus 22:14 in Multiple Translations
If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor and it is injured or dies while its owner is not present, he must make full restitution.
¶ And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good.
And if a man borrow aught of his neighbor, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof not being with it, he shall surely make restitution.
If a man gets from his neighbour the use of one of his beasts, and it is damaged or put to death when the owner is not with it, he will certainly have to make payment for the loss.
If someone borrows a neighbor's animal and it's injured or dies while its owner is not present, they must pay compensation in full.
And if a man borow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or els die, the owner thereof not being by, he shall surely make it good.
'And when a man doth ask [anything] from his neighbour, and it hath been hurt or hath died — its owner not being with it — he doth certainly repay;
“If a man borrows anything of his neighbor’s, and it is injured, or dies, its owner not being with it, he shall surely make restitution.
And if a man shall borrow aught of his neighbor, and it shall be hurt, or die, the owner of it being not with it, he shall surely make it good.
If a man borrow of his neighbour any of these things, and it be hurt or die, the owner not being present, he shall be obliged to make restitution.
If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
Berean Amplified Bible — Exodus 22:14
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Exodus 22:14 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אִם
בְּעָלָ֥י/ו
עִמּ֖/וֹ
לֹ֣א
יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם
אִם
שָׂכִ֣יר
ה֔וּא
בָּ֖א
בִּ/שְׂכָרֽ/וֹ
אִם
ʼim
H518
if
Conj
בְּעָלָ֥י/ו
baʻal
H1167
master
N-mp | Suff
עִמּ֖/וֹ
ʻim
H5973
with
Prep | Suff
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
not
Part
יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם
shâlam
H7999
to complete
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms
אִם
ʼim
H518
if
Conj
שָׂכִ֣יר
sâkîyr
H7916
hired
Adj
ה֔וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
he/she/it
Pron
בָּ֖א
bôwʼ
H935
Lebo
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
בִּ/שְׂכָרֽ/וֹ
sâkâr
H7939
wages
Prep | N-ms | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
Select any word above to explore its original meaning, root, and usage across Scripture.
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Hebrew Word Reference — Exodus 22:14
אִם
ʼim
H518
"if"
Conj
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Definition: : if/whether_or/though 1) if 1a) conditional clauses 1a1) of possible situations 1a2) of impossible situations 1b) oath contexts 1b1) no, not 1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or 1d) when, whenever 1e) since 1f) interrogative particle 1g) but rather
Usage: Occurs in 931 OT verses. KJV: (and, can-, doubtless, if, that) (not), [phrase] but, either, [phrase] except, [phrase] more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or, [phrase] save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, [phrase] surely (no more, none, not), though, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] unless, [phrase] verily, when, whereas, whether, while, [phrase] yet. See also: Genesis 4:7; Exodus 22:3; Leviticus 27:27.
בְּעָלָ֥י/ו
baʻal
H1167
"master"
N-mp | Suff
Means master or owner, often referring to a husband or leader, as seen in the book of Genesis and Exodus.
Definition: : master/leader 1) owner, husband, lord 1a) owner 1b) a husband 1c) citizens, inhabitants 1d) rulers, lords 1e) (noun of relationship used to characterise-ie, master of dreams)
Usage: Occurs in 79 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] archer, [phrase] babbler, [phrase] bird, captain, chief man, [phrase] confederate, [phrase] have to do, [phrase] dreamer, those to whom it is due, [phrase] furious, those that are given to it, great, [phrase] hairy, he that hath it, have, [phrase] horseman, husband, lord, man, [phrase] married, master, person, [phrase] sworn, they of. See also: Genesis 14:13; 1 Samuel 23:11; Proverbs 1:17.
עִמּ֖/וֹ
ʻim
H5973
"with"
Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Definition: 1) with 1a) with 1b) against 1c) toward 1d) as long as
Usage: Occurs in 919 OT verses. KJV: accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al). See also: Genesis 3:6; Exodus 21:14; Deuteronomy 29:11.
לֹ֣א
lôʼ
H3808
"not"
Part
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Definition: 1) not, no 1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition) 1b) not (with modifier-negation) 1c) nothing (subst) 1d) without (with particle) 1e) before (of time) Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Usage: Occurs in 3967 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. See also: Genesis 2:5; Genesis 31:15; Exodus 4:9.
יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם
shâlam
H7999
"to complete"
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms
This verb means to be at peace or to make peace with someone. It is used in the Bible to describe a state of safety or friendship. In the KJV, it is translated as 'make amends' or 'be at peace'.
Definition: 1) to be complete, be sound 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to be complete, be finished, be ended 1a2) to be sound, be uninjured 1b) (Piel) 1b1) to complete, finish 1b2) to make safe 1b3) to make whole or good, restore, make compensation 1b4) to make good, pay 1b5) to requite, recompense, reward 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to be performed 1c2) to be repaid, be requited 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to complete, perform 1d2) to make an end of Aramaic equivalent: she.lam (שְׁלֵם "be complete" H8000)
Usage: Occurs in 107 OT verses. KJV: make amends, (make an) end, finish, full, give again, make good, (re-) pay (again), (make) (to) (be at) peace(-able), that is perfect, perform, (make) prosper(-ous), recompense, render, requite, make restitution, restore, reward, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 44:4; Psalms 7:5; Psalms 22:26.
אִם
ʼim
H518
"if"
Conj
This Hebrew word is used to express conditions or questions, like if or whether. It can also be used to make oaths or express wishes, as in Oh that! It appears in various forms in the KJV, including if, though, and when.
Definition: : if/whether_or/though 1) if 1a) conditional clauses 1a1) of possible situations 1a2) of impossible situations 1b) oath contexts 1b1) no, not 1c) if...if, whether...or, whether...or...or 1d) when, whenever 1e) since 1f) interrogative particle 1g) but rather
Usage: Occurs in 931 OT verses. KJV: (and, can-, doubtless, if, that) (not), [phrase] but, either, [phrase] except, [phrase] more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or, [phrase] save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, [phrase] surely (no more, none, not), though, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] unless, [phrase] verily, when, whereas, whether, while, [phrase] yet. See also: Genesis 4:7; Exodus 22:3; Leviticus 27:27.
שָׂכִ֣יר
sâkîyr
H7916
"hired"
Adj
This Hebrew word describes a hired worker, someone paid by the day or year. In the Bible, hired laborers were common, and the KJV translates this word as hired or hireling.
Definition: 1) hired 1a) hired (of animal) 1b) hireling, hired labourer (subst) 1b1) mercenary
Usage: Occurs in 17 OT verses. KJV: hired (man, servant), hireling. See also: Exodus 12:45; Deuteronomy 15:18; Isaiah 16:14.
ה֔וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
"he/she/it"
Pron
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Definition: pron 3p s 1) he, she, it 1a) himself (with emphasis) 1b) resuming subj with emphasis 1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate) 1d) (anticipating subj) 1e) (emphasising predicate) 1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron 2) that (with article)
Usage: Occurs in 1693 OT verses. KJV: he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who. See also: Genesis 2:11; Genesis 32:19; Exodus 21:3.
בָּ֖א
bôwʼ
H935
"Lebo"
V-Qal-Perf-3ms
This verb means to go or come, and is used in many contexts, such as entering a place or approaching someone, as seen in the book of Genesis. It can also mean to abide or apply, and is translated in various ways in the KJV Bible. This term is related to the name Lebo Hamath.
Definition: A shortened name of Lebo Hamath complined withcha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574) This name means to go in, enter
Usage: Occurs in 2307 OT verses. KJV: abide, apply, attain, [idiom] be, befall, [phrase] besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, [idiom] certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, [idiom] doubtless again, [phrase] eat, [phrase] employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, [phrase] follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, [phrase] have, [idiom] indeed, (in-) vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, [idiom] (well) stricken (in age), [idiom] surely, take (in), way. See also: Genesis 2:19; Genesis 32:7; Exodus 1:19.
בִּ/שְׂכָרֽ/וֹ
sâkâr
H7939
"wages"
Prep | N-ms | Suff
Payment for work or services, like the wages paid to the laborers in Matthew 20:8. This word encompasses various forms of compensation, including salary, fare, or maintenance. It is about receiving payment for something.
Definition: 1) hire, wages 1a) wages 1b) reward, pay 1c) fare, fee, passage-money
Usage: Occurs in 25 OT verses. KJV: hire, price, reward(-ed), wages, worth. See also: Genesis 15:1; 2 Chronicles 15:7; Psalms 127:3.
Study Notes — Exodus 22:14
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Exodus 22:14 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Exodus 22:14
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 22:14
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
- Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
- Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
- Cambridge Bible on Exodus 22:14
- Sermons on Exodus 22:14
Context — Property Laws
12But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.
13If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.
14If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor and it is injured or dies while its owner is not present, he must make full restitution.
15If the owner was present, no restitution is required. If the animal was rented, the fee covers the loss. 16If a man seduces a virgin who is not pledged in marriage and sleeps with her, he must pay the full dowry for her to be his wife.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deuteronomy 23:19–20 | Do not charge your brother interest on money, food, or any other type of loan. You may charge a foreigner interest, but not your brother, so that the LORD your God may bless you in everything to which you put your hand in the land that you are entering to possess. |
| 2 | Exodus 21:34 | the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he must pay its owner, and the dead animal will be his. |
| 3 | Deuteronomy 15:2 | This is the manner of remission: Every creditor shall cancel what he has loaned to his neighbor. He is not to collect anything from his neighbor or brother, because the LORD’s time of release has been proclaimed. |
| 4 | Leviticus 24:18 | Whoever kills an animal must make restitution—life for life. |
| 5 | Luke 6:35 | But love your enemies, do good to them, and lend to them, expecting nothing in return. Then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High; for He is kind to the ungrateful and wicked. |
| 6 | Matthew 5:42 | Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you. |
| 7 | Exodus 22:11 | an oath before the LORD shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution. |
| 8 | Psalms 37:21 | The wicked borrow and do not repay, but the righteous are gracious and giving. |
| 9 | Nehemiah 5:4 | Still others were saying, “We have borrowed money to pay the king’s tax on our fields and vineyards. |
Exodus 22:14 Summary
[This verse, Exodus 22:14, teaches us that if we borrow something from someone and it gets hurt or dies while the owner is not around, we have to pay the owner back for the full value of what was lost, as a way of taking responsibility for our actions. This principle is similar to what is found in Leviticus 24:18-22, where restitution is also required. It's like if you borrowed a friend's bike and it got broken, you would need to fix it or replace it. This shows us the importance of being responsible and taking care of the things that belong to others, as also taught in Luke 12:48. By being mindful of our actions and their consequences, as reminded in Proverbs 22:1, we can demonstrate respect and care for the property and belongings of others.]
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to make full restitution in Exodus 22:14?
Making full restitution means to fully compensate or repay for the loss or damage, as seen in Exodus 22:14, similar to the principle found in Leviticus 24:18-22, where the law of restitution is also applied.
Is the borrower always responsible for the animal's injury or death?
According to Exodus 22:14, the borrower is responsible if the owner is not present, but if the owner is present, no restitution is required, as stated in Exodus 22:15, highlighting the importance of responsibility and accountability.
How does this principle apply to our lives today?
The principle of restitution in Exodus 22:14 teaches us about taking responsibility for our actions and being accountable for the things entrusted to us, as also seen in Luke 12:48, where we are told that to whom much is given, much will be required.
What if the injury or death was an accident, is the borrower still responsible?
According to Exodus 22:14, the borrower is still responsible for making full restitution, regardless of whether the injury or death was an accident, emphasizing the importance of being mindful of our actions and their consequences, as taught in Proverbs 22:1, which reminds us to be diligent in our responsibilities.
Reflection Questions
- What are some ways I can apply the principle of restitution in my own life, taking responsibility for my actions and being accountable for the things entrusted to me?
- How can I demonstrate a sense of responsibility and accountability in my relationships, whether personal or professional, as taught in Exodus 22:14 and other scriptures?
- What are some potential consequences of not taking responsibility for my actions, and how can I learn from the example in Exodus 22:14 to avoid such consequences?
- In what ways can I show respect and care for the property and belongings of others, as emphasized in Exodus 22:14, and how can I prioritize being a good steward of the things entrusted to me?
Gill's Exposition on Exodus 22:14
And if a man borrow [ought] of his neighbour,.... Any beast, as it should seem, as an ox to plough with, an ass, horse, or camel to ride on, though the Jewish writers carry it also to any kind of
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Exodus 22:14
If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
Ought, i.e. any living thing, which may be hurt or die, as it follows. He shall surely make it good: this may seem hard, but all things considered is reasonable; because in doubtful cases, wherein it is not evident whether the borrower was faulty or not, as it is here, it ought to be interpreted in favour of the lender, rather than of the borrower; partly, to oblige the borrower to the greater fidelity and care in such things, which being not his own, men are commonly more careless about; partly, because the benefit being wholly the borrower’ s, the loss also in all reason ought to be his, and the lender ought not to suffer for his kindness, lest he should be discouraged from such actions for the future.
Trapp's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
Exodus 22:14 And if a man borrow [ought] of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof [being] not with it, he shall surely make [it] good.Ver. 14. And if a man borrow.] God hath so ordered human condition, that one man must be beholden to another.
Ellicott's Commentary on Exodus 22:14
(14, 15) Lending is a species of deposit; but for the benefit, not of the depositor, but of the man with whom the deposit is made. The obligation of the latter to keep intact and to return is therefore even more stringent than in the preceding case. Consequently, if the thing lent were lost or injured, however the loss was brought about, the borrower was justly called upon to make it good. The only exception was, when the lender was still in charge of what he lent, present with it, and able to keep guard over it.
Cambridge Bible on Exodus 22:14
14, 15. Compensation for injury to a borrowed animal. If the owner is not with it, the borrower is responsible and must make restitution; if the owner is with it, it is presumed that he might have prevented any ill-usage or injury, and the borrower is not responsible. Cf. Ḥ ?amm. §§ 245–6 (a hired animal).
Sermons on Exodus 22:14
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Sketches of Jewish Social Life - Part 3 by Alfred Edersheim | Alfred Edersheim delves into the intricate world of Pharisaism, shedding light on their strict adherence to religious laws and practices, their conspicuous devotions in public spac |
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Love Your Enemies by Art Katz | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of believers being a demonstration of God's love and power on earth. He explains that through their transformed lives, even th |
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Testimony - Part 7 by Jackie Pullinger | Jackie Pullinger shares her testimony of faith and sacrifice, illustrating the profound impact of unconditional love and service to others, particularly the needy. She recounts her |
|
The Wonderful Love of Jesus by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the speaker shares about his recent encounter with two young men, Nicky Cruz and Sonny Argonzoni, who have powerful testimonies of transformation through Christ. Th |
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The High Cost of Mercy by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the theme of God's mercy throughout the Old and New Testaments. He highlights the cost that God and Jesus paid for the mercy that was extend |
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The Power of Kindness by Jim Cymbala | In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the importance of kindness in our lives as Christians. He mentions that while people may know the Bible, speak in tongues, or preach, they ma |
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The Supernatural Hand of Mercy by Carter Conlon | In this sermon, the speaker discusses the importance of laying down grievances and wounds in order to maintain a strong testimony. He uses the example of King David in the Old Test |