Acts 2:23
Verse
Context
Peter Addresses the Crowd
22Men of Israel, listen to this message: Jesus of Nazareth was a man certified by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs, which God did among you through Him, as you yourselves know.23He was delivered up by God’s set plan and foreknowledge, and you, by the hands of the lawless, put Him to death by nailing Him to the cross.24But God raised Him from the dead, releasing Him from the agony of death, because it was impossible for Him to be held in its clutches.
Sermons





Summary
Commentary
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel - Bp. Pearce paraphrases the words thus: Him having been given forth; i.e. sent into the world, and manifested by being made flesh, and dwelling among you, as it is said in Joh 1:14; see also Act 4:28. Kypke contends that εκδοτον, delivered, does not refer to God, but to Judas the traitor "the Jews received Jesus, delivered up to them by Judas; the immutable counsel of God so permitting." By the determinate counsel, ὡρισμενῃ βουλῃ; that counsel of God which defined the time, place, and circumstance, according (προγνωσει) to his foreknowledge, which always saw what was the most proper time and place for the manifestation and crucifixion of his Son; so that there was nothing casual in these things, God having determined that the salvation of a lost world should be brought about in this way; and neither the Jews nor Romans had any power here, but what was given to them from above. It was necessary to show the Jews that it was not through Christ's weakness or inability to defend himself that he was taken; nor was it through their malice merely that he was slain; for God had determined long before, from the foundation of the world, Rev 13:8, to give his Son a sacrifice for sin; and the treachery of Judas, and the malice of the Jews were only the incidental means by which the great counsel of God was fulfilled: the counsel of God intending the sacrifice, but never ordering that it should be brought about by such wretched means. This was permitted; the other was decreed. See the observations at the end of this chapter. By wicked hands have crucified and slain - I think this refers to the Romans, and not to the Jews; the former being the agents, to execute the evil purposes of the latter. It is well known that the Jews acknowledged that they had no power to put our Lord to death, Joh 18:31, and it is as well known that the punishment of the cross was not a Jewish, but a Roman, punishment: hence we may infer that by δια χειρων ανομων, by the hands of the wicked, the Romans are meant, being called ανομοι, without law, because they had no revelation from God; whereas the others had what was emphatically termed ὁ νομος του Θεου, the law of God, by which they professed to regulate their worship and their conduct. It was the Jews, therefore, who caused our Lord to be crucified by the hands of the heathen Romans.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
determinate counsel and foreknowledge--God's fixed plan and perfect foresight of all the steps involved in it. ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain--How strikingly is the criminality of Christ's murderers here presented in harmony with the eternal purpose to surrender Him into their hands!
John Gill Bible Commentary
Him being delivered,.... By himself, according to his own will, for he gave, or delivered himself for his people; and by his Father, who spared him not, but delivered him up for us all; and by Judas, one of his disciples, who, for a sum of money, delivered him into the hands of the Jews; and by them he was delivered up to Pilate, the Roman governor; and by him back again to the Jews, and to the soldiers, to crucify him: and all this by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God; God not only foreknew that it would be, but determined that it should be, who does all things after the counsel of his own will; and this for the salvation of his people, and for the glorifying of his divine perfections: though this fixed resolution, settled purpose, and wise determination of God, did not in the least excuse the sin of Judas in betraying him, or of Pilate in condemning him, or of the Jews in crucifying him; nor did it at all infringe the liberty of their wills in acting, who did what they did, not by force, but voluntarily: ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain; they took him in the garden, and bound him, and had him first before the high priest, then before Pilate, the Roman governor, and cried out with one voice, in a most vehement manner, for the crucifying of him, which, at their importunity, was granted, though no fault was found in him; and therefore are justly charged with slaying, or murdering him.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
2:23-28 While cruel men had crucified Jesus, this action had not defeated God’s prearranged plan for salvation. In fact, God raised him back to life, which David had foretold (2:25-28).
Acts 2:23
Peter Addresses the Crowd
22Men of Israel, listen to this message: Jesus of Nazareth was a man certified by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs, which God did among you through Him, as you yourselves know.23He was delivered up by God’s set plan and foreknowledge, and you, by the hands of the lawless, put Him to death by nailing Him to the cross.24But God raised Him from the dead, releasing Him from the agony of death, because it was impossible for Him to be held in its clutches.
- Scripture
- Sermons
- Commentary
Seven Words From the Cross - Submission
By Warren Wiersbe4.0K35:00PSA 31:2MAT 26:45MAT 26:50LUK 23:44ACT 2:231CO 15:55In this sermon, the speaker discusses the death of Jesus Christ on the cross. He highlights the significance of the three statements Jesus made before his death: "I thirst," "It is finished," and "Father into thy hands I commend my spirit." These statements represent the suffering of Jesus' body, the completion of his sacrifice for sin, and the release of his spirit. The speaker also mentions the miracles that occurred during Jesus' crucifixion, such as the darkness and the tearing of the temple veil. He emphasizes that these events were not accidental but part of God's plan. The sermon concludes by emphasizing that Jesus' death solved the problems of sin, law, and death, and that through him, believers have victory over these challenges.
(Exodus) Exodus 27:1-8
By J. Vernon McGee3.2K06:51EXO 27:1MAT 6:33JHN 1:29ACT 2:23EPH 5:2HEB 10:19REV 13:8In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the significance of the way of the cross as the only path to God. The brazen altar is highlighted as the place where access to God is made possible through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ. The altar is described as a symbol of strength and judgment, with its brass overlay representing the judgment of sin. The preacher also emphasizes the equality of all people before God, as demonstrated by the altar's four square shape. The sermon concludes with the reminder that through the cross, God's justice and mercy are perfectly balanced, allowing sinners to come to Him.
Jesus in the Way of the Shedding of His Blood
By F.J. Huegel2.5K46:15EXO 12:46LUK 23:46JHN 1:7JHN 19:34ACT 2:23REV 13:8In this sermon, the speaker discusses his conversation with someone who reads Watchman Knee's book, "Sit, Walk, Stand." The speaker initially struggled to reconcile the idea of sitting and enjoying the feast with the presence of conflict. He then shares a personal experience where he had already paid his water bill but was still confronted by a man demanding payment. The speaker uses this anecdote to illustrate that even though Jesus said "it is finished," there is still ongoing conflict in the world. The sermon also touches on the crucifixion of Jesus, emphasizing the fulfillment of prophecies and the significance of the blood and water that flowed from his side.
To See the Living God
By David Cooper1.7K1:19:56Character Of GodPSA 2:12PSA 42:2EZK 1:1DAN 7:9ACT 2:23GAL 2:20REV 1:13In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the description of four living creatures in the book of Ezekiel. These creatures have wings joined together and always move straight forward without turning. The preacher emphasizes the lesson we can learn from their unwavering movement and challenges the listeners to believe in the truth of these extraordinary beings. He encourages believers to break free from the distractions of worldly possessions and focus on the awe-inspiring reality of God's presence. The sermon also highlights the description of God sitting on a blue throne, surrounded by fire and appearing as the color of amber.
(Demonology) the Devil Against Christ - Part 2
By Willie Mullan1.7K26:18DemonologyMAT 27:29MRK 15:19JHN 19:2ACT 2:23EPH 6:12COL 2:14In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the importance of understanding and engaging in spiritual warfare against the devil and his dark forces. He mentions the charismatic movement and the need for believers to be equipped to combat the enemy. The preacher also discusses the significance of Jesus disarming and defeating these powers on the cross. He concludes by expressing gratitude for the victory won through Christ's sacrifice and encourages the congregation to worship and thank God for the battle fought and won.
(Divine Attributes) 09 the Sovereign Triune God of the Universe
By Denny Kenaston1.5K1:08:19Character Of GodPSA 139:1PRO 2:6MAT 6:33ACT 2:23ROM 8:28EPH 1:4REV 13:8In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the power and sovereignty of God. He recounts the story of Nebuchadnezzar, who was brought down by God's judgment and spent seven years crawling on his hands and knees and eating grass like an animal. The preacher also highlights instances where individuals have received divine revelations and insights through the Holy Spirit. He further explains the role of each person of the Trinity in the work of salvation, with Jesus being the visible image of the invisible God. The sermon concludes with examples of God's creative power and control over nature, emphasizing His authority over life and death.
Mankind's Darkest Moments
By Chuck Smith1.5K46:31NUM 6:24ISA 53:5JHN 3:16JHN 14:6ACT 2:231CO 15:53This sermon delves into the prophecies and events surrounding the death of Jesus Christ, highlighting the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies in the New Testament. It emphasizes God's predetermined plan for Jesus' crucifixion, the symbolism in the darkness at noon, and the significance of Jesus' sacrificial death for the redemption of mankind. The sermon challenges listeners to consider the evidence of Jesus as the Son of God and the importance of accepting Him for eternal salvation.
(Genesis) 66 - Joseph's Last Words
By S. Lewis Johnson1.4K49:06JosephGEN 45:5PSA 23:4JHN 18:11ACT 2:23In this sermon, the preacher focuses on the last chapter of Genesis, specifically the events following Jacob's death. Joseph, Jacob's son, weeps over his father's body and commands the physicians to embalm him. The Egyptians mourn for Jacob for 70 days. The preacher emphasizes that vengeance belongs to the Lord and that God is the ultimate governor of the universe. He highlights Joseph's statement that although his brothers intended evil against him, God used it for good to preserve many people alive. The preacher also emphasizes that God's attention is concentrated everywhere and cites various Bible verses to support this point. He concludes by mentioning the responsibility of man in the crucifixion of Jesus, but also emphasizes that God's hand and purpose predestined it to occur.
The New Covenant 3 of 6 Handed Over to Death
By David Wilkerson1.1K53:05ACT 2:23This sermon emphasizes the concept of being handed over to death as a means for God to work in our lives, removing hindrances and producing a manifestation of the life of Jesus Christ. It highlights the importance of surrendering to God in the midst of trials, persecution, and difficulties, trusting in His faithfulness and allowing Him to bring forth resurrection life through our experiences.
Studies in Esther-01 Esther1-2
By William MacDonald79651:56StudiesEST 1:1EST 2:13PSA 31:15MRK 7:26JHN 10:3ACT 2:23ROM 8:28In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Esther from the Bible. He starts by highlighting how God was displeased with the behavior of men who were given over to wine and drunkenness. He then focuses on King Ahasuerus and his impure motives in summoning Queen Vashti to parade her beauty before a drunken crowd. The preacher also introduces the character of Haman, a wicked man who ingratiates himself with the king and sets in motion a plan for a holocaust against the Jews. The sermon emphasizes the importance of standing for what is right and attributes the willingness to do so to the influence of a mother.
5) Our Father in Heaven Gives Us Wisdom (Kannada)
By Zac Poonen7751:03:45LUK 1:53ACT 2:23ROM 8:28EPH 5:20JAS 1:5This sermon emphasizes the importance of seeking wisdom from God through prayer, highlighting the necessity of faith and humility. It discusses how asking for wisdom is crucial as it leads to acquiring everything else we need. The sermon also touches on the significance of confessing sins, seeking forgiveness, and having faith in God's ability to turn all situations for our good, even when faced with challenges or evil intentions from others.
How Is Christ Risen?
By Peter Brandon629:29SalvationResurrectionJHN 16:28ACT 2:23HEB 1:3Peter Brandon emphasizes the significance of Christ's resurrection, asserting that it validates the Christian faith and the truth of Jesus as both God and man. He discusses the evidence of the resurrection, noting that the absence of Jesus' body from the tomb is a powerful testament to its truth. Brandon encourages listeners to understand that salvation is available through faith in the risen Christ, who is at the right hand of God, ready to save from sin. He invites individuals to personally accept Jesus as their Savior, highlighting the simplicity of faith in receiving salvation. The message concludes with a call to rejoice in the hope and assurance that comes from the resurrection.
"Regeneration an Active State" Ch. 3:9-21
By Charles Alexander1JER 31:31JHN 3:3ACT 2:23ROM 2:172CO 5:19COL 1:13HEB 9:14Charles Alexander preaches a profound sermon on the dialogue between Nicodemus and Jesus, highlighting Nicodemus as a representation of the Old Covenant people who were confident in their knowledge and privileges but lacked true understanding. Jesus introduces the doctrine of regeneration to counter the Pharisaic doctrine of dead works, emphasizing the need for spiritual renewal and a new birth to see the Kingdom of God. The sermon delves into the nature of regeneration as a work of enlightenment and persuasion, inscribing God's will in the heart and mind of believers. It stresses the active nature of regeneration, involving repentance, faith, and a pursuit of holiness, and refutes the idea of a time gap between regeneration and the manifestation of faith and repentance.
"Go, Return!"
By F.B. Meyer0Consequences of SinRestoration and ReturnNUM 20:12DEU 3:261SA 13:101KI 19:172KI 5:12JER 3:22MRK 14:38ACT 2:231CO 12:21F.B. Meyer emphasizes the grave consequences of sin, illustrating how it can permanently hinder one's usefulness to God through the examples of Moses, Saul, and Elijah. He highlights that while God may restore some, like Peter, others may face irrevocable consequences for their disobedience. Meyer warns that even prominent leaders can fall into temptation and be replaced in God's work, urging vigilance and humility in service. He reassures that while God may discipline His servants, He never forsakes His children, encouraging those who have strayed to return to Him for healing and restoration.
Isaiah 14:22
By Chuck Smith0God's PurposeSubmission to GodPSA 33:11PRO 19:21ISA 14:22ISA 46:10JER 29:11MAT 11:28ACT 2:23ROM 8:28EPH 1:111PE 5:6Chuck Smith emphasizes God's unchanging purpose for humanity, asserting that life is not a product of chance but part of a divine plan known by God from the beginning. He explains that God's ultimate purpose is to have close fellowship with man, which requires willing submission to Him, and that the chaos in the world serves as a reminder of humanity's need for divine guidance. Smith warns against the futility of resisting God's purpose, illustrating that attempts to thwart it only lead to self-destruction. He calls for the church to focus on leading people to Christ rather than merely alleviating suffering, as true redemption comes from turning to the Savior.
Of the Passive Obedience of Christ, or of His Sufferings and Death.
By John Gill0Redemption through SufferingPassive Obedience of ChristISA 53:5MAT 26:39JHN 10:18ACT 2:23ROM 5:8GAL 3:13EPH 1:7COL 1:20HEB 12:21PE 2:24John Gill preaches on the passive obedience of Christ, emphasizing His willing submission to suffering and death for the sake of humanity. He highlights that Christ's entire life was marked by suffering, culminating in His crucifixion, which was foretold by the prophets. Gill explains that Christ's death was not only a physical event but also a profound spiritual sacrifice, bearing the weight of sin and divine wrath. The sermon underscores the necessity and efficacy of Christ's sufferings, which were essential for the redemption and reconciliation of His people. Ultimately, Gill illustrates that through His passive obedience, Christ fulfilled God's plan for salvation, demonstrating His love and commitment to humanity.
Of the Priestly Office of Christ.
By John Gill0Atonement and SacrificeThe Priesthood of ChristPSA 110:4ISA 53:10ACT 2:23ROM 3:25EPH 1:71TI 2:5HEB 2:17HEB 9:14HEB 10:51PE 1:18John Gill expounds on the priestly office of Christ, emphasizing that His role as a priest was predetermined by God to serve as a propitiatory sacrifice for sin, fulfilling the requirements of divine justice. He highlights that Christ's priesthood is eternal and superior, established not through the law of Moses but through the order of Melchizedek, and that His sacrifice was unique, sufficient, and voluntary, offering redemption for His people. Gill also discusses the dual nature of Christ as both God and man, which qualifies Him to mediate and intercede for humanity, ultimately securing eternal salvation for those who believe.
For It Was Brought About of God.
By F.B. Meyer0Divine ProvidenceGod's SovereigntyGEN 50:202CH 10:15PSA 76:10PRO 21:1ISA 46:10JER 29:11ACT 2:23ROM 8:28ROM 11:33EPH 1:11F.B. Meyer emphasizes that the revolt against the young king, though appearing to be a mistake driven by human folly, was ultimately orchestrated by God to fulfill His divine purpose. The actions of the young king and his advisors, while seemingly misguided, were part of God's sovereign plan, demonstrating that even in chaos, God is at work. Meyer encourages believers to recognize God's hand in the unfolding of history and current events, asserting that all things work together for good for those who love Him. He reassures the faithful that God's providence prevails over human choices and even the adversities brought by sin. Trusting in God's overarching plan allows believers to find peace amid turmoil.
Of the Sin and Fall of Our First Parents.
By John Gill0SinFree WillGEN 2:17GEN 3:6LAM 3:37ACT 2:23ROM 5:122CO 11:31TI 2:13JAS 1:151PE 1:20REV 12:9John Gill preaches on the sin and fall of Adam and Eve, emphasizing how they transgressed God's command and fell from their original state of integrity into sin and misery. He explains that Eve was deceived by the serpent and, despite her initial innocence, succumbed to temptation, leading Adam to also sin by heeding her. Gill highlights that their fall was not caused by God or Satan directly, but rather by their own choices and desires, illustrating the nature of free will and the consequences of disobedience. He stresses that while God foreknew their sin, He did not compel them to sin, and that Adam's transgression has lasting implications for all humanity. The sermon serves as a reminder of the importance of obedience to God's word and the dangers of temptation.
On Witnessing to Jews
By Art Katz0RepentanceWitnessingMAT 23:29ACT 2:23Art Katz emphasizes the importance of approaching Jewish people with humility and compassion while witnessing to them about the gospel. He warns against condescension and the need to challenge traditional Jewish beliefs without reinforcing victim mentalities or absolving them of their historical culpability in the death of Jesus. Katz argues that true witnessing involves confronting the reality of sin and the necessity of repentance, rather than merely seeking common ground. He highlights the significance of acknowledging the Jewish people's role in the crucifixion and the need for a genuine understanding of their spiritual condition. Ultimately, Katz calls for a bold and truthful presentation of the gospel that respects Jewish heritage while revealing the need for salvation through Christ.
The Lamb
By T. Austin-Sparks0Following the LambThe Cross and God's PurposeACT 2:23EPH 1:4HEB 9:12HEB 9:23REV 5:4REV 13:8REV 14:4REV 17:14T. Austin-Sparks emphasizes the significance of following the Lamb, Jesus Christ, who was foreordained as the sacrificial Lamb from the foundation of the world. He explains that this following is not merely about salvation but involves a deep commitment to God's eternal purpose, which requires a profound transformation through the Cross. The sermon highlights the paradox of the Lamb's meekness and strength, illustrating how true power is found in submission and yieldedness to God's will. Ultimately, Sparks calls for believers to embrace the Cross as the means to fulfill God's purpose and achieve unity among His people, as exemplified by the one hundred and forty-four thousand who follow the Lamb in unison.
Calvary
By J.C. Ryle0God's LoveThe CrucifixionISA 53:5JHN 3:16ACT 2:23ROM 5:8GAL 2:20EPH 1:7COL 1:20HEB 12:21PE 2:241JN 1:7J.C. Ryle emphasizes the significance of Calvary, where Jesus Christ was crucified, arguing that many overlook the profound beauty and glory of His sufferings. He asserts that Christ's crucifixion was foreordained, necessary for salvation, and a voluntary act of love, meant to atone for humanity's sins. Ryle encourages believers to dwell on the cross, as it reveals God's immense love, the seriousness of sin, and the completeness of salvation. He challenges the indifference towards Christ's sufferings, urging Christians to recognize the transformative power of the crucifixion in their lives. Ultimately, Ryle calls for a deeper appreciation of Calvary, as it is central to understanding God's grace and our response to it.
Christ Risen
By C.I. Scofield0PSA 16:8MAT 28:1LUK 24:33JHN 1:39JHN 20:24ACT 2:231CO 15:41TH 4:14C.I. Scofield preaches on the significance of the resurrection of Jesus Christ, emphasizing the triumph that began with His sacrificial death and the authentication of His resurrection through various witnesses, including Paul. The resurrection affirms the truth of Jesus' claims, confirms our justification through His sacrifice, and assures believers of their own resurrection. It is a pivotal event in human history, providing hope and victory over death.
The Cross' Is Pure Love!
By Arthur Blessitt0MAT 5:8MAT 28:18ACT 2:23EPH 1:18PHP 4:8COL 3:1HEB 2:141JN 3:16Arthur Blessitt shares about the beauty he has witnessed in places like Antarctica, Greenland, deserts, and waterfalls, reflecting on the purity and untouched creation of God. He emphasizes the importance of purity in various aspects of life, calling believers to focus on 'whatsoever things are pure' as mentioned in Philippians 4:8. Blessitt also delves into the significance of the pure love displayed at the cross by Jesus, highlighting the need for humanity to understand and embrace this love. He challenges individuals to be the embodiment of pure love, deeds, gifts, hearts, motives, and sacrifices, echoing Jesus' call for the pure in heart to see God.
The Jews
By Thomas Brooks0Spiritual BlindnessRejection of ChristMAT 27:22LUK 19:41ACT 2:23ACT 2:36Thomas Brooks addresses the tragic rejection of Jesus by the Jews, emphasizing their persistent refusal to acknowledge their sin in crucifying the Lord of glory. He highlights the consequences of this rejection, including their suffering and scattering throughout history, and notes their continued animosity towards Christians, particularly those who convert from Judaism. Brooks reflects on Jesus' lament over Jerusalem, illustrating the missed opportunity for peace due to their blindness and hardness of heart. The sermon serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of recognizing and accepting Christ.
- Adam Clarke
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown
- John Gill
- Tyndale
Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel - Bp. Pearce paraphrases the words thus: Him having been given forth; i.e. sent into the world, and manifested by being made flesh, and dwelling among you, as it is said in Joh 1:14; see also Act 4:28. Kypke contends that εκδοτον, delivered, does not refer to God, but to Judas the traitor "the Jews received Jesus, delivered up to them by Judas; the immutable counsel of God so permitting." By the determinate counsel, ὡρισμενῃ βουλῃ; that counsel of God which defined the time, place, and circumstance, according (προγνωσει) to his foreknowledge, which always saw what was the most proper time and place for the manifestation and crucifixion of his Son; so that there was nothing casual in these things, God having determined that the salvation of a lost world should be brought about in this way; and neither the Jews nor Romans had any power here, but what was given to them from above. It was necessary to show the Jews that it was not through Christ's weakness or inability to defend himself that he was taken; nor was it through their malice merely that he was slain; for God had determined long before, from the foundation of the world, Rev 13:8, to give his Son a sacrifice for sin; and the treachery of Judas, and the malice of the Jews were only the incidental means by which the great counsel of God was fulfilled: the counsel of God intending the sacrifice, but never ordering that it should be brought about by such wretched means. This was permitted; the other was decreed. See the observations at the end of this chapter. By wicked hands have crucified and slain - I think this refers to the Romans, and not to the Jews; the former being the agents, to execute the evil purposes of the latter. It is well known that the Jews acknowledged that they had no power to put our Lord to death, Joh 18:31, and it is as well known that the punishment of the cross was not a Jewish, but a Roman, punishment: hence we may infer that by δια χειρων ανομων, by the hands of the wicked, the Romans are meant, being called ανομοι, without law, because they had no revelation from God; whereas the others had what was emphatically termed ὁ νομος του Θεου, the law of God, by which they professed to regulate their worship and their conduct. It was the Jews, therefore, who caused our Lord to be crucified by the hands of the heathen Romans.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
determinate counsel and foreknowledge--God's fixed plan and perfect foresight of all the steps involved in it. ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain--How strikingly is the criminality of Christ's murderers here presented in harmony with the eternal purpose to surrender Him into their hands!
John Gill Bible Commentary
Him being delivered,.... By himself, according to his own will, for he gave, or delivered himself for his people; and by his Father, who spared him not, but delivered him up for us all; and by Judas, one of his disciples, who, for a sum of money, delivered him into the hands of the Jews; and by them he was delivered up to Pilate, the Roman governor; and by him back again to the Jews, and to the soldiers, to crucify him: and all this by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God; God not only foreknew that it would be, but determined that it should be, who does all things after the counsel of his own will; and this for the salvation of his people, and for the glorifying of his divine perfections: though this fixed resolution, settled purpose, and wise determination of God, did not in the least excuse the sin of Judas in betraying him, or of Pilate in condemning him, or of the Jews in crucifying him; nor did it at all infringe the liberty of their wills in acting, who did what they did, not by force, but voluntarily: ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain; they took him in the garden, and bound him, and had him first before the high priest, then before Pilate, the Roman governor, and cried out with one voice, in a most vehement manner, for the crucifying of him, which, at their importunity, was granted, though no fault was found in him; and therefore are justly charged with slaying, or murdering him.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
2:23-28 While cruel men had crucified Jesus, this action had not defeated God’s prearranged plan for salvation. In fact, God raised him back to life, which David had foretold (2:25-28).