2 Samuel 13:9

2 Samuel 13:9 in Multiple Translations

Berean Standard Bible BSB

Then she brought the pan and set it down before him, but he refused to eat. “Send everyone away!” said Amnon. And everyone went out.

King James Version KJV

And she took a pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.

American Standard Version ASV

And she took the pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.

Bible in Basic English BBE

And she took the cooking-pot, and put the cakes before him, but he would not take them. And Amnon said, Let everyone go away from me. So they all went out.

Free Bible Version FBV

Then she took the pan and emptied it out before him, but he refused to eat. “Everybody leave me!” Amnon shouted. Everyone left.

Geneva Bible 1599 GNV

And she tooke a pan, and powred them out before him, but he would not eat. Then Amnon saide, Cause ye euery man to goe out from me: so euery man went out from him.

Young's Literal Translation YLT

and taketh the frying-pan, and poureth out before him, and he refuseth to eat, and Amnon saith, 'Take ye out every one from me;' and they go out every one from him.

World English Bible WEB

She took the pan and poured them out before him, but he refused to eat. Amnon said, “Have all men leave me.” Then every man went out from him.

Noah Webster Bible WBS

And she took a pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.

Douay-Rheims 1899 DRV

And taking what she had boiled, she poured it out, and set it before him, but he would not eat: and Amnon said: Put out all persons from me. And when they had put all persons out,

Translation for Translators T4T

She took them out of the pan and put them on a plate in front of him, but he refused to eat them. Then he said to everyone else in the room, “All the rest of you, leave me now!” So all the others left his room.

Study Highlights

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Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 13:9

BAB

Word Study

Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.

Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.

2 Samuel 13:9 Interlinear (Deep Study)

BIB

HEB וַ/תִּקַּ֤ח אֶת הַ/מַּשְׂרֵת֙ וַ/תִּצֹ֣ק לְ/פָנָ֔י/ו וַ/יְמָאֵ֖ן לֶ/אֱכ֑וֹל וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר אַמְנ֗וֹן הוֹצִ֤יאוּ כָל אִישׁ֙ מֵֽ/עָלַ֔/י וַ/יֵּצְא֥וּ כָל אִ֖ישׁ מֵ/עָלָֽי/ו

וַ/תִּקַּ֤ח lâqach H3947 to take Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

אֶת ʼêth H853 Obj. DirObjM

הַ/מַּשְׂרֵת֙ masrêth H4958 pan Art | N-fs

וַ/תִּצֹ֣ק yâtsaq H3332 to pour Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

לְ/פָנָ֔י/ו pânîym H6440 face Prep | N-cp | Suff

וַ/יְמָאֵ֖ן mâʼên H3985 to refuse Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms

לֶ/אֱכ֑וֹל ʼâkal H398 to eat Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר ʼâmar H559 to say Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

אַמְנ֗וֹן ʼAmnôwn H550 Amnon N-proper

הוֹצִ֤יאוּ yâtsâʼ H3318 to come out V-Hiphil-Impv-2mp

כָל kôl H3605 all N-ms

אִישׁ֙ ʼîysh H376 man N-ms

מֵֽ/עָלַ֔/י ʻal H5921 upon Prep | Prep | Suff

וַ/יֵּצְא֥וּ yâtsâʼ H3318 to come out Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp

כָל kôl H3605 all N-ms

אִ֖ישׁ ʼîysh H376 man N-ms

מֵ/עָלָֽי/ו ʻal H5921 upon Prep | Prep | Suff

Hebrew Word Study

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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 13:9

וַ/תִּקַּ֤ח lâqach H3947 "to take" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

This Hebrew word means to take or get something, and it is used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to take a wife, to take possession of something, or to receive a gift. For example, in Genesis 2:22, God takes a rib from Adam to create Eve.

Definition: : take 1) to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to take, take in the hand 1a2) to take and carry along 1a3) to take from, take out of, take, carry away, take away 1a4) to take to or for a person, procure, get, take possession of, select, choose, take in marriage, receive, accept 1a5) to take up or upon, put upon 1a6) to fetch 1a7) to take, lead, conduct 1a8) to take, capture, seize 1a9) to take, carry off 1a10) to take (vengeance) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be captured 1b2) to be taken away, be removed 1b3) to be taken, brought unto 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to be taken from or out of 1c2) to be stolen from 1c3) to be taken captive 1c4) to be taken away, be removed 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be taken unto, be brought unto 1d2) to be taken out of 1d3) to be taken away 1e) (Hithpael) 1e1) to take hold of oneself 1e2) to flash about (of lightning)

Usage: Occurs in 909 OT verses. KJV: accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, [idiom] many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve, seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win. See also: Genesis 2:15; Genesis 34:17; Exodus 30:23.

אֶת ʼêth H853 "Obj." DirObjM

In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.

Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.

הַ/מַּשְׂרֵת֙ masrêth H4958 "pan" Art | N-fs

A masreth is a pan or dish, a common household item in biblical times.

Definition: pan, dish

Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: pan. See also: 2 Samuel 13:9.

וַ/תִּצֹ֣ק yâtsaq H3332 "to pour" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs

This verb means to pour something out, like liquid or metal, and can also imply making something firm or hard. It's used in books like Isaiah 44:3 and Jeremiah 10:14.

Definition: : pour 1) to pour, flow, cast, pour out 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to pour, pour out 1a2) to cast 1a3) to flow 1b) (Hiphil) to pour, pour out 1c) (Hophal) 1c1) to be poured 1c2) cast, molten (participle) 1c3) being firmly established (participle)

Usage: Occurs in 49 OT verses. KJV: cast, cleave fast, be (as) firm, grow, be hard, lay out, molten, overflow, pour (out), run out, set down, stedfast. See also: Genesis 28:18; 1 Kings 7:24; Psalms 41:9.

לְ/פָנָ֔י/ו pânîym H6440 "face" Prep | N-cp | Suff

This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.

Definition: : face 1) face 1a) face, faces 1b) presence, person 1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim) 1d) face (of animals) 1e) face, surface (of ground) 1f) as adv of loc/temp 1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before 1g) with prep 1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

Usage: Occurs in 1891 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] accept, a-(be-) fore(-time), against, anger, [idiom] as (long as), at, [phrase] battle, [phrase] because (of), [phrase] beseech, countenance, edge, [phrase] employ, endure, [phrase] enquire, face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, [idiom] him(-self), [phrase] honourable, [phrase] impudent, [phrase] in, it, look(-eth) (-s), [idiom] me, [phrase] meet, [idiom] more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), [idiom] on, open, [phrase] out of, over against, the partial, person, [phrase] please, presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, [phrase] regard, right forth, [phrase] serve, [idiom] shewbread, sight, state, straight, [phrase] street, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them(-selves), through ([phrase] -out), till, time(-s) past, (un-) to(-ward), [phrase] upon, upside ([phrase] down), with(-in, [phrase] -stand), [idiom] ye, [idiom] you. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 43:31; Exodus 30:16.

וַ/יְמָאֵ֖ן mâʼên H3985 "to refuse" Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3ms

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to say no or reject something. It is used in Exodus 23:5 to describe refusing to help someone in need. God commands people to not refuse help.

Definition: (Piel) to refuse

Usage: Occurs in 39 OT verses. KJV: refuse, [idiom] utterly. See also: Genesis 37:35; Nehemiah 9:17; Psalms 77:3.

לֶ/אֱכ֑וֹל ʼâkal H398 "to eat" Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a

This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.

Definition: 1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to eat (human subject) 1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds) 1a3) to devour, consume (of fire) 1a4) to devour, slay (of sword) 1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought) 1a6) to devour (of oppression) 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to be eaten (by men) 1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire) 1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh) 1c) (Pual) 1c1) to cause to eat, feed with 1c2) to cause to devour 1d) (Hiphil) 1d1) to feed 1d2) to cause to eat 1e) (Piel) 1e1) consume Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Usage: Occurs in 703 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite. See also: Genesis 2:16; Leviticus 6:9; Numbers 24:8.

וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר ʼâmar H559 "to say" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms

This Hebrew word means to say or speak, and it's used in many different ways in the Bible. It can mean to command, promise, or think, and it's translated in the KJV as 'answer', 'appoint', or 'command'.

Definition: 1) to say, speak, utter 1a) (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend 1b) (Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called 1c) (Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly 1d) (Hiphil) to avow, to avouch Aramaic equivalent: a.mar (אֲמַר "to say" H0560)

Usage: Occurs in 4337 OT verses. KJV: answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. See also: Genesis 1:3; Genesis 18:23; Genesis 25:32.

אַמְנ֗וֹן ʼAmnôwn H550 "Amnon" N-proper

Amnon was a son of King David, known for his tragic story in the Bible. His name means 'faithful', but his actions were not faithful, as he committed a terrible sin against his sister Tamar.

Definition: A man of the tribe of Judah(?) living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.4.20; son of: Shimon (H7889); brother of: Rinnah (H7441), Ben-hanan (H1135) , Tilon (H8436) § Amnon = "faithful" 1) oldest son of David, rapist of Tamar, slain by Absalom 2) a son of Shimon (of Caleb's clan)

Usage: Occurs in 22 OT verses. KJV: Amnon. See also: 2 Samuel 3:2; 2 Samuel 13:20; 1 Chronicles 4:20.

הוֹצִ֤יאוּ yâtsâʼ H3318 "to come out" V-Hiphil-Impv-2mp

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.

Definition: : come/go_out/escape 1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart 1a2) to go forth (to a place) 1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something) 1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result) 1a5) to come out of 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out 1b2) to bring out of 1b3) to lead out 1b4) to deliver 1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth

Usage: Occurs in 991 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter. See also: Genesis 1:12; Exodus 9:33; Leviticus 26:45.

כָל kôl H3605 "all" N-ms

The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.

Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Usage: Occurs in 4242 OT verses. KJV: (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). See also: Genesis 1:21; Genesis 17:10; Genesis 41:40.

אִישׁ֙ ʼîysh H376 "man" N-ms

The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.

Definition: : man 1) man 1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female) 1b) husband 1c) human being, person (in contrast to God) 1d) servant 1e) mankind 1f) champion 1g) great man 2) whosoever 3) each (adjective)

Usage: Occurs in 1851 OT verses. KJV: also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare H802 (אִשָּׁה). See also: Genesis 2:23; Genesis 42:25; Exodus 32:23.

מֵֽ/עָלַ֔/י ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep | Prep | Suff

This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.

Definition: prep 1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against 1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards 1b) above, beyond, over (of excess) 1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence) 1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition) 1e) over (of suspension or extension) 1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity) 1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion) 1h) to (as a dative)

Usage: Occurs in 4493 OT verses. KJV: above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. See also: Genesis 1:2; Genesis 24:13; Genesis 41:33.

וַ/יֵּצְא֥וּ yâtsâʼ H3318 "to come out" Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp

In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to go out or come out, and it's used in many different ways, like leaving a place or starting a new journey, as seen in Genesis and Exodus.

כָל kôl H3605 "all" N-ms

Definition: 1) all, the whole 1a) all, the whole of 1b) any, each, every, anything 1c) totality, everything Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

אִ֖ישׁ ʼîysh H376 "man" N-ms

מֵ/עָלָֽי/ו ʻal H5921 "upon" Prep | Prep | Suff

This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.

Study Notes — 2 Samuel 13:9

Show Verse Quote Highlights

Context
Cross References
2 Samuel 13:9 Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Reflection Questions
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 13:9
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 13:9
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9
Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 13:9
Sermons on 2 Samuel 13:9

Context — Amnon and Tamar

7Then David sent word to Tamar at the palace: “Please go to the house of Amnon your brother and prepare a meal for him.” 8So Tamar went to the house of her brother Amnon, who was lying down. She took some dough, kneaded it, made cakes in his sight, and baked them.

9Then she brought the pan and set it down before him, but he refused to eat. “Send everyone away!” said Amnon. And everyone went out.

10Then Amnon said to Tamar, “Bring the food into the bedroom, so that I may eat it from your hand.” Tamar took the cakes she had made and went to her brother Amnon’s bedroom. 11And when she had brought them to him to eat, he took hold of her and said, “Come lie with me, my sister!”

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Genesis 45:1	Then Joseph could no longer control himself before all his attendants, and he cried out, “Send everyone away from me!” So none of them were with Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers.
2	John 3:20	Everyone who does evil hates the Light, and does not come into the Light for fear that his deeds will be exposed.
3	Judges 3:19	But upon reaching the idols near Gilgal, he himself turned back and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” “Silence,” said the king, and all his attendants left him.

2 Samuel 13:9 Summary

In this verse, Amnon is trying to manipulate the situation to be alone with his sister Tamar, and he refuses to eat the food she prepared for him. This shows that our actions can have ulterior motives, and it's essential to examine our hearts and intentions, as encouraged in Psalm 139:23-24. We can learn from this verse to be mindful of the intentions behind our actions and to maintain healthy boundaries in our relationships, as seen in 2 Samuel 13:7-9. By being aware of these things, we can build trust and credibility with others and avoid being deceived or manipulating others.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did Amnon refuse to eat the food Tamar prepared for him?

Amnon refused to eat the food Tamar prepared because his intentions were not pure, and he was trying to manipulate the situation to be alone with her, as seen in 2 Samuel 13:10-11, where he asks her to bring the food into his bedroom.

What can we learn from Amnon's behavior in this verse?

We can learn that our actions and behaviors can have ulterior motives, and it's essential to examine our hearts and intentions, as encouraged in Psalm 139:23-24, where David asks God to search his heart and know his thoughts.

How does this verse relate to the concept of hospitality in the Bible?

This verse highlights the importance of maintaining boundaries and being mindful of the intentions behind our actions, even in situations where we are showing hospitality, as seen in 2 Samuel 13:7-9, where Tamar is trying to show kindness to her brother Amnon.

What role does deception play in this verse?

Deception plays a significant role in this verse, as Amnon's refusal to eat and his request to send everyone away are tactics to deceive Tamar and manipulate the situation to his advantage, which is a warning to us to be aware of deceitful behaviors, as mentioned in Proverbs 26:24-26.

Reflection Questions

What are some ways we can be deceived by others, and how can we protect ourselves from manipulation?
How can we maintain healthy boundaries in our relationships, especially when showing kindness and hospitality to others?
What are some warning signs that someone's intentions may not be pure, and how can we respond in a way that honors God?
In what ways can we use our actions and behaviors to build trust and credibility with others, rather than manipulating them for our own gain?

Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 13:9

And she took a pan, and poured [them] out before him,.... Out of the frying pan, in which they were, into another dish; and all this was done in his presence, that he might see and know of what, and

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 13:9

Then David sent home to Tamar, saying, Go now to thy brother Amnon's house, and dress him meat. No JFB commentary on these verses.

Matthew Poole's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9

Poured them out; out of the frying-pan into the dish.

Trapp's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9

2 Samuel 13:9 And she took a pan, and poured [them] out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.Ver. 9. But he refused to eat.] As if he had been very sick: and so bade all to go out: then he called for her again, and so forced her. This was the fruit of those base, vain, wanton, capering thoughts, which he should at first have resisted, before they had thus broken out into foul incest; as ill humours in the body do into sores and botches. The poets tell us, that whoso washeth in the river Silenus, is forthwith cured of his love passions. The Stoics say, Aut mentem, aut restim. Let a man either moderate his lusts, or go hang himself. But Amnon might have learned better than all this of his father and other holy prophets, had he more minded their counsel, than that of his cousin Jonadab.

Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 13:9

(9) He refused to eat.—This also seemed natural enough in a whimsical invalid, and for the same reason his next requirement, “Have out all men from me,” awakened no suspicion in the mind of Tamar.

Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 13:9

9. a pan] The pan in which the cakes or puddings had been cooked.

Sermons on 2 Samuel 13:9

	Sermon	Description
	One Messiah, Two Comings by Jacob Prasch	In this sermon, the speaker begins by quoting a verse from the Bible that declares the power and authority of the Lord. He then relates this verse to the current situation in Jerus
	(Genesis) Genesis 43:31-34 by J. Vernon McGee	In this sermon, the preacher discusses the story of Joseph and his brothers from the book of Genesis. He highlights the moment when Joseph reveals himself to his brothers after yea
	The Power of Forgiveness by Scott Volk	In this sermon, the speaker tells a story about a criminal who steals from a priest and knocks him out. The next day, the criminal is caught by the police and accuses the priest of
	The Wrath of God Lessons From Scripture by William MacDonald	In this sermon, the speaker emphasizes the contemplation of the wrath of God as a means to develop compassion for the lost and to make unbelievers take notice. The speaker also hig
	Starving the Work of Christ by Carter Conlon	This sermon emphasizes the importance of forgiveness and letting go of bitterness, drawing from the story of Joseph forgiving his brothers. It highlights the power of forgiveness t
	Total Forgiveness by R.T. Kendall	This sermon focuses on the powerful message of total forgiveness as exemplified by the story of Joseph forgiving his brothers. It emphasizes the importance of letting go of bittern
	From the Death of Isaac to the Exodus Out of Egypt by Flavius Josephus	Flavius Josephus recounts the reunion of Joseph with his brothers and father Jacob in Egypt, highlighting the forgiveness, reconciliation, and generosity displayed by Joseph toward