1 Chronicles 4:31
1 Chronicles 4:31 in Multiple Translations
Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.
And at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-birei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.
and at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.
And at Beth-marcaboth, and at Hazarsusim, and at Beth-biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their towns till David became king.
Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, Beth Biri, and Shaaraim. These were their towns until David became king.
And at Beth-marcaboth, and at Hazar Susim, at Beth-birei, and at Shaaraim, these were their cities vnto the reigne of Dauid.
and in Beth-Marcaboth, and in Hazar-Susim, and in Beth-Birei, and in Shaarim; these [are] their cities till the reigning of David.
at Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susim, at Beth Biri, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities until David’s reign.
And at Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Beth-birei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities to the reign of David.
And in Bethmarchaboth, and in Hasarsusim, and in Bethberai, and in Saarim. These were their cities unto the reign of David.
Beth-Marcaboth, Hazar-Susim, Beth-Biri, and Shaaraim. They lived in those places until David became king.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 4:31
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
1 Chronicles 4:31 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וּ/בְ/בֵ֤ית
מַרְכָּבוֹת֙
וּ/בַ/חֲצַ֣ר
סוּסִ֔ים
וּ/בְ/בֵ֥ית
בִּרְאִ֖י
וּֽ/בְ/שַׁעֲרָ֑יִם
אֵ֥לֶּה
עָרֵי/הֶ֖ם
עַד
מְלֹ֥ךְ
דָּוִֽיד
וּ/בְ/בֵ֤ית
Bêyth ham-Markâbôwth
H1024
Beth-marcaboth
Conj | Prep | N-proper
מַרְכָּבוֹת֙
Bêyth ham-Markâbôwth
H1024
Beth-marcaboth
N-proper
וּ/בַ/חֲצַ֣ר
Chătsar Çûwçîym
H2702
Hazar-susim
Conj | Prep | N-proper
סוּסִ֔ים
Chătsar Çûwçîym
H2702
Hazar-susim
N-proper
וּ/בְ/בֵ֥ית
Bêyth Birʼîy
H1011
Beth-biri
Conj | Prep | N-proper
בִּרְאִ֖י
Bêyth Birʼîy
H1011
Beth-biri
N-proper
וּֽ/בְ/שַׁעֲרָ֑יִם
Shaʻărayim
H8189
Shaaraim
Conj | Prep | N-proper
אֵ֥לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
these
Pron
עָרֵי/הֶ֖ם
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-fp | Suff
עַד
ʻad
H5704
till
Prep
מְלֹ֥ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
V-Qal-Inf-a
דָּוִֽיד
Dâvid
H1732
David
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 4:31
וּ/בְ/בֵ֤ית
Bêyth ham-Markâbôwth
H1024
"Beth-marcaboth"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Beth-marcaboth is a place in Palestine, meaning house of the chariots. It is another name for Madmannah and is mentioned in the Bible. The name suggests a place with many chariots.
Definition: Beth-marcaboth = "house of the chariots" a place in Simeon Another name of mad.man.nah (מַדְמַנָּה "Madmannah" H4089G)
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Bethmarcaboth. See also: Joshua 19:5; 1 Chronicles 4:31.
מַרְכָּבוֹת֙
Bêyth ham-Markâbôwth
H1024
"Beth-marcaboth"
N-proper
Beth-marcaboth is a place in Palestine, meaning house of the chariots. It is another name for Madmannah and is mentioned in the Bible. The name suggests a place with many chariots.
Definition: Beth-marcaboth = "house of the chariots" a place in Simeon Another name of mad.man.nah (מַדְמַנָּה "Madmannah" H4089G)
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Bethmarcaboth. See also: Joshua 19:5; 1 Chronicles 4:31.
וּ/בַ/חֲצַ֣ר
Chătsar Çûwçîym
H2702
"Hazar-susim"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Hazar-susim means village of horses, a place in Simeon. It is similar to Hazar-susah and refers to a location with many horses. The Bible mentions it as a place in Palestine.
Definition: § Hazar-susim = "village of horses" a place in Simeon
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Hazar-susim. See also: 1 Chronicles 4:31.
סוּסִ֔ים
Chătsar Çûwçîym
H2702
"Hazar-susim"
N-proper
Hazar-susim means village of horses, a place in Simeon. It is similar to Hazar-susah and refers to a location with many horses. The Bible mentions it as a place in Palestine.
Definition: § Hazar-susim = "village of horses" a place in Simeon
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Hazar-susim. See also: 1 Chronicles 4:31.
וּ/בְ/בֵ֥ית
Bêyth Birʼîy
H1011
"Beth-biri"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Beth-birei, or house of a creative one, is a place in Simeon's territory. It appears in the Bible as a location in Palestine. The name highlights the creative aspect of the place.
Definition: § Beth-birei = "house of a creative one" a place in the territory of Simeon
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Bethbirei. See also: 1 Chronicles 4:31.
בִּרְאִ֖י
Bêyth Birʼîy
H1011
"Beth-biri"
N-proper
Beth-birei, or house of a creative one, is a place in Simeon's territory. It appears in the Bible as a location in Palestine. The name highlights the creative aspect of the place.
Definition: § Beth-birei = "house of a creative one" a place in the territory of Simeon
Usage: Occurs in 1 OT verses. KJV: Bethbirei. See also: 1 Chronicles 4:31.
וּֽ/בְ/שַׁעֲרָ֑יִם
Shaʻărayim
H8189
"Shaaraim"
Conj | Prep | N-proper
Shaaraim was a town in Palestine, also known as Sharuhen, meaning double gate, located in the territory of Simeon. It is mentioned in the Bible as a significant place in ancient Israel.
Definition: Shaaraim = "double gate" a town in Simeon Another name of sha.ru.chen (שָׁרוּחֶ֑ן "Sharuhen" H8287)
Usage: Occurs in 3 OT verses. KJV: Shaaraim. See also: Joshua 15:36; 1 Samuel 17:52; 1 Chronicles 4:31.
אֵ֥לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
"these"
Pron
This Hebrew word is used to point out specific people or things, like saying 'these' or 'those'. It appears in the book of Genesis, where God says 'let there be light' and separates the light from the darkness.
Definition: 1) these 1a) used before antecedent 1b) used following antecedent Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Usage: Occurs in 697 OT verses. KJV: an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m). See also: Genesis 2:4; Exodus 35:1; Deuteronomy 1:35.
עָרֵי/הֶ֖ם
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-fp | Suff
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
עַד
ʻad
H5704
"till"
Prep
This Hebrew word means until or as far as, describing a point in time or space. It's used in the Bible to set boundaries or limits, like in Exodus when describing the Israelites' journey.
Definition: prep 1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as 1a) of space 1a1) as far as, up to, even to 1b) in combination 1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from) 1c) of time 1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end 1d) of degree 1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like conj 2) until, while, to the point that, so that even Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Usage: Occurs in 1128 OT verses. KJV: against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet. See also: Genesis 3:19; Exodus 32:20; Numbers 23:24.
מְלֹ֥ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
V-Qal-Inf-a
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
דָּוִֽיד
Dâvid
H1732
"David"
N-proper
David was the youngest son of Jesse and a king of Judah, first mentioned in Ruth 4:17, and an ancestor of Jesus.
Definition: A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at Rut.4.17; son of: Jesse (H3448) and Nahash (H5176I); brother of: Eliab (H0446I), Abinadab (H0041I), Shimeah (H8093), Zeruiah (H6870), Abigail (H0026H)(?), Nethanel (H5417H), Raddai (H7288), Ozem (H0684) and Elihu (H0453J); married to Michal (H4324), Abigail (H0026), Ahinoam (H0293H), Maacah (H4601I), Haggith (H2294), Abital (H0037), Eglah (H5698) and Bathsheba (H1339); father of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416), Solomon (H8010), Ibhar (H2984), Elishua (H0474), Nepheg (H5298H), Japhia (H3309I), Elishama (H0476H), Eliada (H0450), Eliphelet (H0467), Tamar (H8559H), Elpelet (H0467I), Nogah (H5052) and Jerimoth (H3406N) Also named: Daueid, Dauid, Dabid (Δαυείδ, Δαυίδ, Δαβίδ "David" G1138) § David = "beloved" youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel
Usage: Occurs in 912 OT verses. KJV: David. See also: Ruth 4:17; 1 Samuel 20:41; 1 Samuel 27:9.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 4:31
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- 1 Chronicles 4:31 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 4:31
- Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 4:31
Context — The Descendants of Simeon
29Bilhah, Ezem, Tolad,
30Bethuel, Hormah, Ziklag,
31Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susim, Beth-biri, and Shaaraim. These were their cities until the reign of David.
32And their villages were Etam, Ain, Rimmon, Tochen, and Ashan—five towns— 33and all their surrounding villages as far as Baal. These were their settlements, and they kept a genealogical record:Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 19:5–6 | Ziklag, Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susah, Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen—thirteen cities, along with their villages. |
1 Chronicles 4:31 Summary
This verse lists some of the cities that belonged to the tribe of Simeon, and it tells us that they controlled these cities until King David became king. This shows us that God is in control of the events of history and the lives of nations, just as He was with the Simeonites and King David (1 Samuel 2:7-10). The fact that these cities are listed specifically reminds us that God cares about the details of our lives and wants us to be faithful stewards of what He has given us (Matthew 25:14-30). By looking at this verse, we can learn to trust God's sovereignty and be faithful in our own responsibilities, just as the Simeonites were.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the significance of the cities listed in 1 Chronicles 4:31?
The cities listed in 1 Chronicles 4:31, such as Beth-marcaboth and Hazar-susim, were part of the inheritance of the tribe of Simeon, as noted in 1 Chronicles 4:28-32, and were under their control until the reign of King David, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:31 and 1 Samuel 30:27-31.
Why is the reign of David mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:31?
The reign of David is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 4:31 to provide a historical reference point, indicating that the cities listed were under the control of the Simeonites until David became king, at which point the kingdom of Israel was more firmly established, as seen in 2 Samuel 5:1-12 and 1 Chronicles 11:1-3.
How does this verse relate to the overall narrative of 1 Chronicles?
This verse is part of the genealogical record of the tribes of Israel, specifically the Simeonites, and helps to establish the historical context for the later events of 1 Chronicles, such as the reign of David and the establishment of the kingdom of Israel, as seen in 1 Chronicles 10-29 and supported by 1 Samuel 16:1-13 and Psalm 78:70-72.
What can we learn about God's sovereignty from this verse?
From 1 Chronicles 4:31, we can see that God is sovereign over the affairs of nations and tribes, as He ordains the boundaries and inheritances of His people, as noted in Deuteronomy 32:8-9 and Acts 17:26, and works out His plan through the rise and fall of leaders like King David, as seen in 1 Samuel 2:7-10 and Psalm 75:6-7.
Reflection Questions
- What does this verse reveal about God's attention to detail in the lives of His people, and how can I apply that to my own life?
- How does the listing of these cities and their history encourage me to be faithful in my own responsibilities and stewardship?
- In what ways can I, like the Simeonites, be faithful stewards of the resources and blessings God has given me, as seen in Matthew 25:14-30 and Luke 12:42-48?
- What does the mention of King David's reign in this verse teach me about the importance of leadership and submission to authority, as seen in Romans 13:1-7 and Hebrews 13:17?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 4:31
[See comments on 1 Chronicles 4:28]
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 1 Chronicles 4:31
And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazar-susim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These were their cities unto the reign of David. And at Beth-birei , [ Beeyt-Bir'iy (H1011); supposed by Wilton ('Negeb,' p.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
Either, 1. Of David’ s posterity, i.e. as long as the kingdom of Judah lasted, or until the captivity of Babylon. But this seems not to be true, for Simeon was gone into captivity with the rest of the ten tribes long before that time. Or rather, 2. Of David himself. And this may seem to be added, because some of these cities, though given to Simeon by Joshua, yet through the sloth or cowardice of that tribe were not taken from the Philistines until David’ s time, who took some of them, and, the Simeonites having justly forfeited their right to them by their neglect, gave them to his own tribe. For it is evident concerning Ziklag, one of them, that it was in the Philistines’ hands in David’ s time, and by them given to him, and by him annexed to the tribe of Judah, .
Trapp's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
1 Chronicles 4:31 And at Bethmarcaboth, and Hazarsusim, and at Bethbirei, and at Shaaraim. These [were] their cities unto the reign of David.Ver. 31. Unto the reign of David.] Who restored Ziklag and some others of them to the tribe of Judah, saith Lyra.
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
(31) Beth-marcaboth = “house of chariots.” Hazar - susim = “village of horses;” for which Hazarsusah is an equivalent (susah being used as a collective word). Beth-birei.—Probably a corrupt writing of Beth-lebaoth, “house of lionesses” (Joshua 19:6), for which Joshua 15:32 has the contraction Lebaoth. There were lions in the wilds of Judah (1 Samuel 17:34). (Comp. Judges 14:5; 1 Kings 13:24.) Shaaraim (two gates) is Sharuhen (Joshua 19:6), and Shilhim (Joshua 15:32). Sharuhen is known from Egyptian inscriptions (Sharuhuna).These were their cities unto the reign of David, and their villages.—Joshua 19:6 shows that this is the right punctuation: “And Beth-lebaoth and Sharuhen: thirteen towns, and their villages.” Unto the reign of David.—Does this mean that in the age of David the thirteen cities passed from the possession of the Simeonites? Ziklag, at all events, was at that time a Philistine borough (1 Samuel 27:6).
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 4:31
Verse 31. These were their cities unto the reign of David.] It appears that David took some of the cities of the Simeonites, and added them to Judah; Ziklag for instance, 1 Samuel 27:6. As the tribe of Simeon had withdrawn their allegiance from the house of David, the kings of Judah extended their domination as far as possible into the territories of that tribe, so that they were obliged to seek pasture for their flocks at Gedor, and in the mountains of Seir, as we find 1 Chronicles 4:39-42.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 4:31
31. Beth-marcaboth … Hazar-susim] These names mean respectively, House of chariots, and Court of horses. They may have been royal chariot-cities, 1 Kings 9:19. Shaaraim] 1 Samuel 17:52. These were their cities unto the reign of David] This may he a reference to David’s census, which doubtless shewed generally the possessions of tribes or families as well as their numbers. It does not necessarily mean that these cities ceased to belong to Simeon after David’s day.
Barnes' Notes on 1 Chronicles 4:31
Unto the reign of David - It is not quite clear why this clause is added. Perhaps the writer is quoting from a document belonging to David’s reign.