Βαάλ [so accented also by Pape (Eigenn. s. v.), Kuenen and Cobet (Ro. as ἸΡΕΙΟ ΤΣ but 1, Τ (yet the name of the month, 1 K. vi. 5 (38), Baad) Tr WH ete. Βάαλ; so Etym. Magn. 194, 19; Suid. 1746 ἃ. ete. Dind. in Steph. Thesaur. s. v. Βάαλ or Baad |, ὁ, 7, an indecl. noun (Hebr. 93, Chald. 73 contr. fr. 713), lord: Ro. xi. 4. This was the name of the supreme heavenly divinity worshipped by the Shemitic nations (the Pheenicians, Canaanites, Babylonians, Assyrians), often also by the Israelites themselves, and represented by the Sun: τῇ Badd, Ro. xi. 4. Cf. Win. RWB. [and BB.DD.] s. v. and J. G. Miiller in Herzog i. p. 637 sqq.; Merz in Schenkel i. 322 sqq-; Schlottmann in Riehm p. 126 sq. Since in this form the supreme power of nature generating all things, and consequently a male deity, was worshipped, with which the female deity Astarte was associated, it is hard to explain why the Sept. in some places say ὁ Βαή (Num. xxii. 41; Judg. ii. 13; 1 K. xvi. 31; xix. 18, etc.), in others ἡ Baad (Hos. ii. 8; 1 S. vii. 4, ete. [yet see Dillmann, as below, p. 617]). Among the various conjectures on this subject the easiest is this: that the Sept. called the deity ἡ Bada in derision, as weak and impotent, just as the Arabs call idols goddesses and the Rabbins DITDR ; so Gesenius in Rosenmiiller’ s Repert. i. p. 139 and Tholuek on Ro. 1. ο.; [yet ef. Dillmann, as below, p. 602; for other opinions and reff. see Meyer ad loc.; ef. W. § 27,6 Ν. 1. But Prof. Dillmann shows (in the Monatsbericht d. Akad. zu Berlin, 16 Juni 1881, p. 601 sqq.), that the Jews (just as they abstained from pronouncing the word Jehovah) avoided uttering the abhorred name of Baal (Ex. xxiii. 13); Asia substitute i in Aramaic they read Mp0, sont or 87309, and in Greek αἰσχύνη (cf. 1 K. xviii. 19, 25). This substitute in Grk. was suggested by the use of the fem. article. Hence we find i in the Sept. ἡ B. everywhere in the prophetic bks. Jer., Zeph., Hos., ete., while in the Pentateuch it does not prevail, nor even in Judges, Sam., Kings, (exc. 1 S. vii. 4; 2 K. xxi. 3). It disappears, too, (when the worship of Baal had died out) in the later versions of Aq., Sym., ete. The apostle’s use in Ro. 1. c. accords with the sacred custom ; cf. the substitution of the Hebr. nw3 in Ish-bosheth, Mephi-bosheth, | ete. 2 S. ii. 8, 10; iv. 4 with 1 Chr. viii. 33, 34, also 2S. xi. 21 with Judg. vi. 32; ete.]

Βάαλ Baal 1x

Baal, (Hebrew for Master) pr. name, indecl., Rom. 11:4*

Βάαλ (Rec. βαάλ), ὁ, ἡ, indecl. (Heb. בַּעַל, lord), Baal: Ro 11:4(LXX). The fem. art. here agrees with the usage of LXX, where, following a similar Hebrew practice (בֹּשֶׁת for בַּעַל), αἰσχύνη appears to have been substituted in reading for the written Βάαλ (cf. III Ki 18:19), and to account for the freq. use of the fem. art. bef. Β. The usage, however, is not general, and in the passage cited in Ro (III Ki 19:18), LXX reads τῷ Β.†

Βάαλ (Baal) — Baal. Βάαλ (Rec. βαάλ), ὁ, ἡ, indecl. (Heb. בַּעַל, lord), Baal: Rom.11:4 (LXX). The fem. art. here agrees with the usage of LXX, where, following a similar Hebrew practice (בֹּשֶׁת for בַּעַל), αἰσχύνη appears to have been substituted in reading for the written Βάαλ (cf. 3Ki.18:19), and to account for the frequently use of the fem. art. bef. Β. The usage, however, is not general, and in the passage cited in Ro (3Ki.19:18), LXX reads τῷ Β. † (From Abbott-Smith. LSJ has no entry)