ἄχρι and ἄχρις (the latter of which in the N. T. is nowhere placed before a consonant, but the former before both vowels and consonants, although euphony is so far regarded that we almost constantly find ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας, ἄχρις οὗ, cf. Buttmann, 10 (9); (Winer's Grammar, 42); and ἄχρι οὗ is not used except in Act_7:18 and Rev_2:25 by L T Tr WH and Luk_21:24 by T Tr WH; (to these instances must now be added 1Co_11:26 T WH; T WH; Rom_11:25 WH (see their Appendix, p. 148); on the usage in secular authors (`where ἄχρι is the only Attic form, but in later authors the epic ἄχρις prevailed', Liddell and Scott, under the word) cf. Lobeck, Pathol. Elementa, vol. ii., p. 210f; Rutherford, New Phryn., p. 64; further, Klotz ad Devar. vol. ii. 1, p. 230f)); a particle indicating the terminus ad quem. (On its use in the Greek writings cf. Klotz as above, p. 224ff). It has the force now of a preposition now of a conjunction, even to; until, to the time that; (on its derivation see below). 1. as a preposition it takes the genitive (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 54, 6), and is used a. of place: Act_11:5; Act_13:6; Act_20:4 (T Tr marginal reading WH omit; Tr text brackets); Act_28:15; 2Co_10:13; Heb_4:12 (see μερισμός, 2); Rev_14:20; Rev_18:5. b. of Time: ἄχρι καιροῦ, until a season that seemed to him opportune, Luk_4:13 (but cf. καιρός, 2 a.); until a certain time, for a season, Act_13:11; (ἄχρι (vel μέχρι, which see 1 a.) τοῦ θερισμοῦ, Mat_13:30 WH marginal reading cf. ἕως, II. 5); ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας until the day that etc. Mat_24:38; Luk_1:20; Luk_17:27; Act_1:2; (ἄχρι (Rec. et al. ἕως) τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς, Act_1:22 Tdf.); ἄχρι ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας and ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης, Act_2:29; Act_23:1; Act_26:22; ἄχρι (ἄχρις R G) ἡμερῶν πέντε even to the space of five days, i. e. after (A. V. in) five days, Act_20:6; ἄχρις (ἄχρι T Tr WH) αὐγῆς, Act_20:11; ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν, Rom_8:22; Php_1:5; ἄχρι τέλους, Heb_6:11; Rev_2:26; see besides, Act_3:21; (Act_22:22); Rom_1:13; Rom_5:13; 1Co_4:11; 2Co_3:14; Gal_4:2; Php_1:6 (ἄχρι L T WH). c. of Manner and Degree: ἄχρι θανάτου, Act_22:4 (even to delivering unto death); Rev_2:10 (to the enduring of death itself); Rev_12:11; and, in the option of many interpreters, Heb_4:12 (see μερισμός, 2). d. joined to the relative οὗ (ἄχρις οὗ for ἄχρι τούτου, ᾧ) it has the force of a conjunction, until, to the time that: followed by the indicative preterite, of things that actually occurred and up to the beginning of which something continued, Act_7:18 (ἄχρις οὗ ἀνέστη βασιλεύς); . followed by a subjunctive aorist having the force of a future perfect, Luk_21:24 L T Tr WH; Rom_11:25; 1Co_11:26 (Rec. ἄχρις οὗ ἄν); Gal_3:19 (not WH text (see 2 below)); Gal_4:19 (T Tr WH μεχρες); Rev_7:3 Rec.elz G; ἄχρις οὗ ἄν until, whenever it may be (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 42, 5 b.), 1Co_15:25 (Rec.); Rev_2:25. with indicative present as long as: Heb_3:13; cf. Bleek at the passage and Buttmann, 231 (199). 2. ἄχρις without οὗ has the force of a simple conjunction, until, to the time that: followed by subjunctive aorist, Luk_21:24 R G; Rev_7:3 L T Tr WH; ; (Rev_17:17 Rec.); Rev_20:3 ( G L T Tr WH); with indicative future, Rev_17:17 (L T Tr WH); (ἄχρις ἄν followed by subjunctive aorist, Gal_3:19 WH text (see 1 d. above)). Since ἄχρι is akin to ἀκή and ἄκρος (but cf. Vanicek, p. 22; Curtius, § 166), and μέχρι to μῆκος, μακρός, by the use of the former particle the reach to which a thing is said to extend is likened to a height, by use of μέχρι, to a length; ἄχρι, indicating ascent, signifies up to; μέχρι, indicating extent, is unto, as far as; cf. Klotz as above, p. 225f. But this primitive distinction is often disregarded, and each particle used of the same thing; cf. ἄχρι τέλους, Heb_6:11; μέχρι τέλους, Heb_3:6; Heb_3:14; Xenophon, symp. 4, 37 περιεστι μοι καί ἐσθίοντι ἀρχι τοῦ μή πεινην ἀφίκεσθαι καί πινοντι μέχρι τοῦ μή διψην. Cf. Fritzsche on Rom_5:13, vol i., p. 308ff; .(Ellicott on 2Ti_2:9. Ἄχρι occurs 20 times in the writings of Luke; elsewhere in the four Gospels only in Mat_24:38.).

ἄχρι achri 49x improper prep with the g en., also functioning as a conj, also spelled ἄχρις ( Gal_3:19 ; Heb_3:13 ; Rev_2:25 ), with respect to place, as far as; to time, until, during; as a conj., until

ἄχρι (and Epic ἄχρις , bef. vowel ( v. MM , s.v. ), Rom_11:25 T , Gal_3:19 T , WH , mg ., Heb_3:13 ); 1. adv. , utterly ( Hom .). 2. Prep . c . gen ., until, unto, as far as; (a) of time Act_3:21 ; Act_22:22 , Rom_1:13 ; Rom_5:13 , 1Co_4:11 , 2Co_3:14 , Gal_4:2 , Php_1:6 ; ἄ . καιροῦ , Luk_4:13 , Act_13:11 ; ἄ . ἧς ἡμέρας , Mat_24:38 , Luk_1:20 ; Luk_17:27 , Act_1:2 (τῆς ἡ . ἧς ), Act_1:22 ; ἄ . ταύτης τ . ἡμέρας (τ . ἡ . ταύτης ), Act_2:29 ; Act_23:1 ; Act_26:22 ; ἄ . ἡμερων πέντε , Act_20:6 ; ἄ . αὐγῆς , Act_20:11 ; ἄ . τοῦ νῦν , Rom_8:22 , Php_1:5 ; ἄ . τέλους , Heb_6:11 , Rev_2:26 ; (b) of space: Act_11:5 ; Act_13:6 ; Act_20:4 ( R , txt ., WH , mg .) Act_28:15 , 2Co_10:13-14 , Heb_4:12 , Rev_14:20 ; Rev_18:5 ; (c) of measure or degree: ἄ . θανάτου , Act_22:4 , Rev_2:10 ; Rev_12:11 . 3. As conj., until ; (a) ἄχρι alone: c . subj . aor. , Gal_3:19 (ἄ . οὗ T , WH , mg .); id . without ἄν (Bl., § 65, 10), Rev_7:3 ; Rev_15:8 ; Rev_20:3 ; Rev_20:5 ; c . indic . fut ., Rev_17:17 ; (b) ἄ . οὗ ( i.e . ἄ .. τούτου ᾧ ): c . indic . aor. , Act_7:18 ; impf ., Act_27:33 ; c . subj. aor. (Bl., ut supr .), Luk_21:24 , Rom_11:25 , 1Co_11:26 ; 1Co_15:25 , Gal_3:19 , T , WH , mg .; id . with ἄν , Rev_2:25 ; c . indic . pres., while , Heb_3:13 ( cf. μέχρι ).†

ἄχρι , ἄχρις [page 100] No example of ἄχρις has yet been produced from the Ptolemaic papyri. In the Roman period both forms are found, their usage being apparently determined as a rule by the same considerations of euphony as in the NT. For ἄχρι οὖ cf. P Oxy I. 104 .18 (a will, A.D. 96) ἄχρι οὗ ἐκπληρώσωσι ἀργυρίου δραχμαὶ τριακόσιαι , BGU I. 19 i. 5 (A.D. 135) ἄχρι οὗ γράψω τῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι and P Oxy III. 507 .30 (A.D. 169) ἄχρι οὗ ἀποδῶ σοι τὸ κεφάλαιον , etc. Without οὗ , cf. P Oxy III. 491 .8 (A.D. 126) οὐ ]δ᾽ ἄλλως̣ καταχρηματίζειν ἄχρι ἑκάτερος αὐτῶν πληρώσῃ ἔτη εἴκ [οσι πέντε , ib. IX. 1215 (ii/iii A.D.) (please come to me) ἄχρι τὰ πράγματα κατασταλῇ (illit. letter). For ἄχρις ἄν cf. BGU III. 830 .13 (i/ A.D.) ἄχρις ἄν σοι ἔλθω , al. Ἄχρι of measure is illustrated by Ostr 1129 .5 (A.D. 207) ἄχρι τοῦ ὀψωνίου , P Tebt II. 301 .21 (A.D. 190) ἔσχον τούτου [τὸ ἴ ]σον ἄχρι ἐχετάσεως , I have received a copy of this for investigation (Edd.). With the phrase ἄχρι τον νῦν in Rom_8:22 , Php_1:5 , cf. BGU I. 256 .9 (time of Antoninus Pius) μέχρ [ι ] τ [οῦ ] νῦν : ἄχρι is only an ablaut variant of μέχρι see Brugmann Thumb, p. 631.

ἄχρι adv. "to the uttermost, utterly", Il. after Hom. , before Preps., ἄχρι εἰς . . ἄχρι πρὸς . . , Lat. usque ad . . , Xen. , Luc. prep. with gen. "even to, as far as": of Time, "until", ἄχρι μάλα κνέφαος "until" deep in the night, Od. ; ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας Dem. of Space, "as far as, even to", ἄχρι τῆς ἐσόδου Hdt. of Degree, ἄχρι τούτου up to this point, Dem. ; ἄχρι τοῦ μὴ πεινᾶν Xen. as Conj., ἄχρι οὗ or ἄχρι alone: of Time, Lat "donec, until, so long as", ἄχρι οὗ ὅδε ὁ λόγος ἐγράφετο id=Xen. ; ἄχρι ἄν with Subj., ἄχρι ἂν σχολάσηι "till" he should be at leisure, id=Xen. of Space, "so far as", id=Xen. , Luc.

ἄχρι (and Epic ἄχρις, bef. vowel (see MM, see word), Rom.11:25 T, Gal.3:19 T, WH, mg., Heb.3:13); __1. adv., utterly (Hom.). __2. Prep. with genitive, until, unto, as far as; __(a) of time Act.3:21 22:22, Rom.1:13 5:13, 1Co.4:11, 2Co.3:14, Gal.4:2, Php.1:6; ἄ. καιροῦ, Luk.4:13, Act.13:11; ἄ. ἧς ἡμέρας, Mat.24:38, Luk.1:20 17:27, Act.1:2 (τῆς ἡ. ἧς), Act.1:22; ἄ. ταύτης τ. ἡμέρας (τ. ἡ. ταύτης), Act.2:29 23:1 26:22; ἄ. ἡμερων πέντε, Act.20:6; ἄ. αὐγῆς, Act.20:11; ἄ. τοῦ νῦν, Rom.8:22, Php.1:5; ἄ. τέλους, Heb.6:11, Rev.2:26; __(b) of space: Act.11:5 13:6 20:4 (R, txt., WH, mg.) Act.28:15, 2Co.10:13-14, Heb.4:12, Rev.14:20 18:5; __(with) of measure or degree: ἄ. θανάτου, Act.22:4, Rev.2:10 12:11. __3. As conj., until; __(a) ἄχρι alone: with subj. aor., Gal.3:19 (ἄ. οὗ T, WH, mg.); id. without ἄν (Bl., § 65, 10), Rev.7:3 15:8 20:3, 5; with indic. fut., Rev.17:17; __(b) ἄ. οὗ (i.e. ἄ.. τούτου ᾧ): with indic. aor., Act.7:18; impf., Act.27:33; with subj. aor. (Bl., ut supr.), Luk.21:24, Rom.11:25, 1Co.11:26 15:25, Gal.3:19, T, WH, mg.; id. with ἄν, Rev.2:25; with indic. pres., while, Heb.3:13 (cf. μέχρι).† (AS)