ἄρχομαι, see ἄρχω. G757

G756, G757 ἄρχω archō 86x (1) pr. (act.) to be first; to rule, Mar_10:42 ; Rom_15:12 (2) mid. to begin, Mat_4:17 ; to take commencement, Luk_24:27 ; 1Pe_4:17 begin; rule.

ἄρχω , [in LXX for H2490 , H4911 , etc.;] 1. to begin. 2. to rule ( v. DCG , ii, 538b.): c . gen ., Mar_10:42 , Rom_15:12 . Mid ., to begin: seq . ἀπό , Mat_16:21 ; Mat_20:8 , Luk_14:18 ; Luk_23:5 ; Luk_24:27 ; Luk_24:47 , Joh_8:9 , Act_1:22 ; Act_8:35 ; Act_10:37 , 1Pe_4:17 ; c . inf ., an Aramaic pleonasm, Mar_1:45 ; Mar_2:23 ; Mar_5:17 , Luk_3:8 , al. ( v. M , Pro_14:1-35 f .; Dalman , Words , 27; MM , s.v. ).

ἄρχομαι [page 82] For the participle in a quasi-adverbial position (see Proleg. .3 p. 240) cf. P Ryl II. 156 .18 (i/A.D.) λιβὸς [δὲ ] ὧ̣ν κεκλήρων [ται λιβὸς ἐπ᾽ ἀπηλιώ ]τ̣ην ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῆς λιβικῆς γωνίας τοῦ πύργο [υ , ib , 157 .7 (A.D. 135) ἧς ἐστὶν σχοινισμὸς [ . . . . . . . . ἀ ]ρχομένου̣ νότου ε [ἰ ]ς β [ο ]ρρᾶ , its measurements are . . . beginning from south to north etc., Syll 537 .5 (iv B.C.) σκευοθήκην οἰκοδομῆσαι . . ἀρξάμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ προπυλαίου . P Tebt II. 526 (ii/A.D.) ἀπηλ (ιώτου ) ἐχόμ (εναι ) ἀρχόμ (εναι ) ἀπὸ βορρᾶ Πανκράτης (ἄρουραι ) [ . ] Πρῖσκος (ἄρουραι ) β̄ (cited in Moulton, Einleitung p. 287). In reply to a suggestion from one of us that the frequent abbreviation of this participle might have occasioned some of the grammatical confusion found in NT passages ( Proleg. 182, 240), Dr A. S. Hunt wrote (Sept. 1909) that ἀρχόμενος was commonly abbreviated αρ c in land-survey lists, from Ptolemaic times downwards . . . So it was a stereotyped phrase which might have influenced Luk_24:47 ; at any rate it is an ingenious suggestion. The ordinary use of ἄρχομαι begin hardly needs illustrating. In P Giss I. 15 .5 (ii/A.D.) τῆς ἄλλης ἀρχόμεθα we see it c. gen.; so P Tebt II. 417 .8 (iii/A.D.) πλὴν ἀρξόμεθ [α ] τοῦ ἔργου . The familiar NT use in a quasi-auxiliary sense, by its significant absence from Paul and presence in such abundance in those books where OT language is imitated or Aramaic originals translated, seems to belong to the alien elements in NT Greek : see Proleg. p. 14 f. It does not however follow that Luke used it, as Mark seems to do, with no more force than the Middle English gan : we may refer to a note by Archdeacon Allen in a forthcoming work on the Gospel of Mark. The act. ἄρχω rule only occurs twice in NT, and is too common in Greek to need quotations. It takes dat. in Syll 319 .7 (ii/B.C.) οἷς [ἂν ὁ δῆμος ὁ Μηθυμναίων ] ἄρχῃ , perhaps under Latin influence (cf. impero c. dat.) : the recurrent δόλωι πονηρῶι dolo malo is suggestive in this regard. For the very common use = hold office may be cited P Oxy III. 471 .145 (ii/A.D.) ἄρξας δὲ καὶ τὴν τ [ῶν ἐκεῖ ] ἀρχιδικαστῶν ἀρ [χὴν ἔτη δέ ]κα .

ἄρχω [in LXX for חָלַל, מָשַׁל, etc. ;] __1. to begin. __2. to rule (see DCG, ii, 538b.): with genitive, Mrk.10:42, Rom.15:12. Mid., to begin: before ἀπό, Mat.16:21 20:8, Luk.14:18 23:5 24:27, 47, Jhn.8:9, Act.1:22 8:35 10:37, 1Pe.4:17; with inf., an Aramaic pleonasm, Mrk.1:45 2:23 5:17, Luk.3:8, al. (see M, Pro.14:1-35 f.; Dalman, Words, 27; MM, see word) (AS)