χράομαι. χρωμαι; imperfect 3 person plural ἐχρῶντο; 1 aorist ἐχρησάμην; perfect κέχρημαι (1Co_9:15 G L T Tr WH); from Homer down; (middle of χράω (thought to be allied by metathesis with χείρ (cf. Curtius, § 189)), 'to grant a loan', 'to lend' (but cf. Liddell and Scott, under the word; they regard the radical sense as 'to furnish what is needful'); hence) 1. properly, to receive a loan; to borrow. 2. to take for one's use; to use: τίνι (Winers Grammar, § 31, 1 i.), to make use of a thing, Act_27:17; 1Co_9:12; 1Co_9:15; 1Ti_1:8; 1Ti_5:23; τῷ κόσμῳ, the good things of this world, 1Co_7:31 R G (see below); μᾶλλον χρῆσαι, namely, the opportunity of becoming free, 1Co_7:21 (where others, less fitly, supply τῷ κληθῆναι δοῦλον (see references under the word εἰ, III. 6 a.)). contrary to the regular usage of classical Greek with an accusative: τόν κόσμον, 1Co_7:31 L T Tr WH; see Meyer at the passage; Buttmann, § 133, 18; Winer's Grammar, as above; (also in Wis_7:14 according to some manuscripts; (Liddell and Scott, give (Pseudo-) Aristotle, oecon. 2, 22, p. 1350{a} , 7)). with the dative of a virtue or vice describing the mode of thinking or acting: τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ (R. V. 'shew fickleness'), 2Co_1:17; πολλή παρρησία, 2Co_3:12 (for numerous examples from Greek writings from Herodotus down, see Passow, ii., p. 2497b; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, II. a.)). with adverbs (see Passow, ii., p. 2497{a} ; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, IV.)): ἀποτόμως, to deal sharply, use sharpness, 2Co_13:10. of the use of persons: τίνι, to bear oneself toward, to deal with, treat, one (often so in Greek writings; see Passow, ii., p. 2496{b} ; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, III. 1 and 2)), Act_27:3.

χράομαι chraomai 11x to use, make use of, employ, Act_27:17 ; 1Co_7:31 ; to take advantage of, 1Co_7:21 ; 1Co_9:12 ; 1Co_9:15 ; to use, to treat, behave towards, Act_27:3 ; 2Co_13:10 use.

χράομαι , χρῶμαι ( < χρή ), [in LXX for H6213 , etc.;] to use, make use of: c . dat . ( cf. M , Pr., 64, 158), Act_27:17 , 1Co_9:12 ; 1Co_9:15 , 1Ti_1:8 ; 1Ti_5:23 ; μᾶλλον χρῆσαι ( i.e . the opportunity; v. M , Pr., 247), 1Co_7:21 ; as some\-times in late writers ( cf. M , Pr., 64; Lft., Notes , 233), c . acc , 1Co_7:31 ; of feelings, etc., to exercise, shew: 2Co_1:17 ; 2Co_3:12 ; c . adv. , ἀποτόμως , to deal sharply, 2Co_13:10 ; c. dat. pers . ( cl .), to treat, deal with , Act_27:3 .†

χράομαι [page 690] χράομαι , from χρή , necessity, = make for myself what is necessary with something, hence c. dat. as in Act. 27:17 al. : cf. P Magd 11 .7 (B.C. 221) πρὸς τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι τοῖς ἱστίοις ἔτι χρᾶσθαι (for form, Mayser Gr. p. 247), P Tebt I. 45 .21 (B.C. 113) οὐδενὶ κόσμωι χρησάμενοι συντρίψαντες τὴν παρόδιον θύραν , throwing off all restraint knocked down the street door (Edd.), P Ryl II. 148 .17 (A.D.). 40) ληστρικῶι τρόπωι χρησάμενοι , P Oxy VIII. 1153 .27 (i/A.D.) ἐντοπίᾳ δὲ πορφύρᾳ χρήσασθ (αι ) μέλλομεν , we are going to use local purple (Ed.), ib. X. 1266 .36 (A.D. 98) μηδ᾽ ἀλλοτρίαις [ἀσφαλ ]ε̣ι̣αις ἢ ὁμωνυμίᾳ κεχρῆ [σθαι , that I have not availed myself of credentials belonging to others or identity of names (Edd.), ib. 1263 .12 (A.D. 128 9) χρήσασθαι τῇ τῶν ἐργ [ατῶν ] ποταμοῦ τέχ [νῃ , to practise the trade of a river-worker, P Giss I. 49 .26 (iii/A.D.) χράσθωσαν τ̣[οῖς ] προκε̣ιμέν̣οις τόποι [ς ἀκωλ ]ύτως , andPSI VIII. 872 .6 (vi/A.D.). For the verb c. dat. pers.= treat, as in Act. 27:3, cf. P Petr III. 42 H(8) f. .8 (iii/B.C.) πικρ [ῶ ]ς σοι ἐχρήσατο , P Oxy IV. 745 .6 ( c. A.D. 1) οὐκ οἶδας γὰρ πῶς μοι ἐχρήσατο ἐν Ὀξυρύγχοις , you don t know how he treated me at Oxyrhynchus (?) (Edd.), and P Flor II. 187 .3 (iii/A.D.) ἀσπουδάστως ἐχρήσω μοι . C H. Dodd ( JTS xxvi. (1924), p. 77 ) draws attention to a useful parallel to the absolute use of χρῆσαι in 1Co. 7:21 from P Oxy XVI. 1865 .4 ff. (vi/vii A.D.) καὶ πολλάκις ἐξῆ [ν γράψαι σοι περὶ τοῦ ] κεφαλαίου τούτου , καὶ προσδοκον ( l. προσδοκῶν ) καθ᾽ ἑκάστην καταλαμβά [νειν ἐκεῖσε ?] τούτου ἕνεκεν οὐκ ἐχρησάμην ἄλλην γράψαι ἄλλοις γράμμα [σι ]ν . . . . . .12 f. καὶ πρὸς τὸ γνῶναι τὸν ἐμὸν δεσπότην ἐχρησάμην παρακαλῶν διὰ τούτον ( l. τούτων ) μου τῶν γραμμάτων , I had many opportunities of writing to you concerning this matter, and, expecting erch day to come thither, for that reason did not avail myself of them to write another letter over again. That my master may know this I took the opportunity of exhorting you by this my writing (Edd.). The late date, as Dodd points out, detracts somewhat from the value of the comparison, but for what it is worth it favours the rendering of the Pauline passage If you actually have before you the possibility of becoming free, avail yourselves of it by preference. The constr. c. acc. in 1Co. 7:31 is difficult, as it seems for the most part to be confined to much later writers, but see Sap 7:14 B and the note in Proleg. p. 245. Lightfoot ( Notes , P. 233) cites an ex. from a Cretan inscr. of iii/ii B.C., CIG II. p. 405. See also Radermacher Gr. 2 , pp. 121, 133.

χράομαι [Etym: Dep.] from the sense of "consulting or using an oracle" (v. χράω3 ) comes the common sense "to use", Lat. uti, Il. , etc.; φρεσὶ κέχρητ᾽ ἀγαθῆισι "he was endowed" with a good heart, Od. : c. dat., χρῆσθαι ἀργυρίωι "to have" money "to use" for a purpose, "use" it thereon, Plat. ; χρ. ναυτιλίηισι, θαλάσσηι Hdt. , Thuc. in various relations, ὀργῆι or θυμῶι χρῆσθαι "to indulge one's" anger, give vent to it, Hdt. of external things, "to experience, suffer, be subject to", νιφετῶι id=Hdt. ; χρ. γαληνείαι "to have" fair weather, Eur. ; ὁμολογίαι χπ. "to come to" an agreement, Hdt. ; ζυγῶι χρ. δουλίωι "to become a slave", Aesch. ; συμφορῆι, συντυχίηι, εὐτυχίηι χρ., Lat. uti fortuna mala, prospera, Hdt. , etc.; νόμοις χρ. "to live under" laws, Eur. ; χρ. ἀνομίαι Xen. , etc.:—in many cases, χρῆσθαι merely paraphrases the Verb cognate to its dat., μόρωι χρ. i. e. to die, Hdt. ; ὠνῆι καὶ πράσει χρ. ῀ ὠνεῖσθαι καὶ πιπράσκειν, to buy and sell, id=Hdt. ; χρ. δρασμῶι ῀ διδράσκειν, Aeschin. ; χρ. φωνῆι ῀ φωνεῖν, διαβολῆι χρ. ῀ διαβάλλεσθαι etc., Plat. χρῆσθαί τινι εἴς τι "to use" for an end or purpose, Hdt. , Xen. , etc.; ἐπί τι or πρός τι Xen. ;—also with neut. adj. as adv., χρ. τινι ὅ τι βούλεταί τις "to make" what "use" one likes "of" him, Hdt. ; ἀπορέων ὅ τι χρήσεται not knowing what "to make of" it, id=Hdt. ; τί χρήσομαι τούτωι; what "use shall I make" of him? Ar. ; οὐκ ἂν ἔχοις ὅ τι χρῶιο σαυτῶι Plat. of persons, χρῆσθαί τινι, with an adv. of manner, "to treat" him so and so, χρῆσθαί τινι ὡς ἀνδρὶ ψεύστηι Hdt. ; χρῆσθαί τινι ὡς φίλωι Thuc. ; also, φιλικῶς χρῆσθαί τινι Xen. ; but ὡς is often omitted, ἔμοιγε χρώμενος διδασκάλωι Aesch. , etc.:—also, χρῆσθαί τινι (without φίλωι) like Lat. uti for "uti familiariter, to be intimate with" a man, Xen. :—absol., οἱ χρώμενοι "friends", id=Xen. χρῆσθαι ἑαυτῶι "to make use of" one's powers, Plat. ; also, παρέχειν ἑαυτόν τινι χρῆσθαι to place oneself at the disposal of another, Xen. absol., or with an adv., οὕτω χρῶνται οἱ Πέρσαι so the Persians "are wont to do", such "is" their "custom", id=Xen. perf. κέχρημαι (in pres. sense), "to be in need or want of, to yearn after", c. gen., Hom. , Soph. , Eur. :—part. κεχρημένος used as an adj., "needy, in need, poor", Od. , Hes. , Eur. the perf. appears as a strengthd. pres., "to have in use", and so "to have, possess", φρεσὶ γὰρ κέχρητ᾽ ἀγαθῆισι Od. aor1 pass. χρησθῆναι, "to be used", αἱ νέες οὐκ ἐχρήσθησαν Hdt. ; ἕως ἂν χρησθῆι so long as "it be in use", Dem. for χρή, v. sub voc.

χράομαι, χρῶμαι (χρή), [in LXX for עָשָׂה, etc. ;] to use, make use of: with dative (cf. M, Pr., 64, 158), Act.27:17, 1Co.9:12 9:15, 1Ti.1:8 5:23; μᾶλλον χρῆσαι (i.e. the opportunity; see M, Pr., 247), 1Co.7:21; as some­times in late writers (cf. M, Pr., 64; Lft., Notes, 233), with accusative, 1Co.7:31; of feelings, etc., to exercise, shew: 2Co.1:17 3:12; with adv., ἀποτόμως, to deal sharply, 2Co.13:10; with dative of person(s) (cl.), to treat, deal with, Act.27:3.† (AS)