ὑπέρ (cf. English up, over, etc.), Latin super, over, a preposition, which stands before either the genitive or the accusative according as it is used to express the idea of state and rest or of motion over and beyond a place. I. with the genitive; cf. Winer's Grammar, 382f (358f). 1. properly, of place, i. e. of position, situation, extension: over, above, beyond, across. In this sense it does not occur in the N. T.; but there it always, though joined to other classes of words, has a tropical signification derived from its original meaning. 2. equivalent to Latinpro, for, i. e. for one's safety, for one's advantage or benefit (one who does a thing for another, is conceived of as standing or bending 'over' the one whom he would shield or defend (cf. Winer's Grammar, as above)): προσεύχεσθε ὑπέρ τῶν ..., Mat_5:44; Luk_6:28 (T Tr marginal reading WH περί (see 6 below)); Col_1:3 L Tr WH marginal reading (see 6 below); (Jas_5:16 L Tr marginal reading WH text), 9; εὔχομαι, Jas_5:16 (R G T Tr text WH marginal reading); after δέομαι, Act_8:24; and nouns denoting prayer, as δέησις, Rom_10:1; 2Co_1:11; 2Co_9:14; Php_1:4; Eph_6:19; προσευχή, Act_12:5 (here L T Tr WH περί (see 6 below)); Rom_15:30; 1Ti_2:1-2; εἶναι ὑπέρ τίνος (opposed to κατά τίνος), to be for one i. e. to be on one's side, to favor and further one's cause, Mar_9:40; Luk_9:50; Rom_8:31, cf. 2Co_13:8; τό ὑπέρ τίνος that which is for one's advantage, Php_4:10 (but see ἀναθάλλω and φρονέω, at the end); ἐντυγχάνω and ὑπερεντυγχάνω, Rom_8:26 R G, 27,34; Heb_7:25, cf. Heb_9:24; λέγω, Act_26:1 R WH text (see 6 below); μερίμνω, 1Co_12:25; ἀγρύπνω, Heb_13:17; ἀγωνίζομαι ἐν ταῖς προσευχαῖς, Col_4:12, cf. Rom_15:30; πρεσβεύω, Eph_6:20; 2Co_5:20; with a substantive: ζῆλος, 2Co_7:7; (Col_4:13 Rec.); πόνος, Col_4:13 (G L T Tr WH); σπουδή, 2Co_7:12; 2Co_8:16; διάκονος, Col_1:7; to offer offerings for, Act_21:26; to enter the heavenly sanctuary for (used of Christ), Heb_6:20; ἀρχειρεα καθίστασθαι, Heb_5:1; after the ideas of suffering, dying, giving up life, etc.: Rom_9:3; Rom_16:4; 2Co_12:15; after τήν ψυχήν τιθέναι (ὑπέρ τίνος), in order to avert ruin, death, etc., from one, Joh_10:11; Joh_13:37 f; of Christ dying to procure salvation for his own, Joh_10:15; Joh_15:13; 1Jn_3:16; Christ is said τό αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐκχύνειν, passive, Mar_14:24 L T Tr WH (see 6 below); Luk_22:20 (WH reject the passage); ἀπολέσθαι, Joh_18:14 Rec.; ἀποθνῄσκειν, Joh_11:50 ff; ( L T Tr WH); Act_21:13; Rom_5:7; of Christ undergoing death for man's salvation, Rom_5:6; Rom_5:8; Rom_14:15; 1Th_5:10 (here T Tr WH text περί (see 6 below); 1Pe_3:18 L T Tr WH text); γεύεσθαι θανάτου, Heb_2:9; σταυρωθῆναι, 1Co_1:13 (here L text Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading περί (see 6 below)); (of God giving up his Son, Rom_8:32); παραδιδόναι τινα ἑαυτόν, Gal_2:20; Eph_5:2; Eph_5:25; διδόναι ἑαυτόν, Tit_2:14; with a predicate accusative added, ἀντίλυτρον, 1Ti_2:6; τό σῶμα αὐτοῦ διδόναι, passive, Luk_22:19 (WH reject the passage), cf. 1Co_11:24; τυθῆναι (θυθῆναι, see θύω, at the beginning), 1Co_5:7; παθεῖν, 1Pe_2:21; 1Pe_3:18 (R G WH marginal reading; 4:1 R G); ἁγιάζειν ἑαυτόν, Joh_17:19. Since what is done for one's advantage frequently cannot be done without acting in his stead (just as the apostles teach that the death of Christ inures to our salvation because it has the force of an expiatory sacrifice and was suffered in our stead), we easily understand how ὑπέρ, like the Latinpro and our for, comes to signify 3. in the place of, instead of (which is more precisely expressed by ἀντί; hence, the two prepositions are interchanged by Irenaeus, adv. haer. 5, 1, τῷ ἰδίῳ αἵματι λυτρωσαμένου ἡμᾶς τοῦ κυρίου καί δόντος τήν ψυχήν ὑπέρ τῶν ἡμετέρων ψυχῶν καί τήν σάρκα τήν ἑαυτοῦ ἀντί τῶν ἡμετέρων σαρκῶν): ἵνα ὑπέρ σου μοι διακονῇ, Phm_1:13; ὑπέρ τῶν νεκρῶν βαπτίζεσθαι (see βαπτίζω, at the end), 1Co_15:29; (add, Col_1:7 L text Tr text WH text); in expressions concerning the death of Christ: εἷς ὑπέρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν (for the inference is drawn ἄρα οἱ πάντες ἀπέθανον, i. e. all are reckoned as dead), 2Co_5:14(15),15; add, 21; Gal_3:13. (On this debated sense of ὑπέρ, see Meyer and Van Hengel on Rom_5:6; Ellicott on Galatians and Philemon, the passages cited; Wieseler on Gal_1:4; Trench, Synonyms, § lxxxii.; Winer's Grammar, 383 (358) note.) Since anything, whether of an active or passive character which is undertaken on behalf of a person or thing, is undertaken 'on account of' that person or thing, ὑπέρ is used 4. of the impelling or moving cause; on account of, for the sake of, any person or thing: ὑπέρ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ζοης, to procure (true) life for mankind, Joh_6:51; to do or suffer anything ὑπέρ τοῦ ὀνόματος Θεοῦ, Ἰησοῦ, τοῦ κυρίου: Act_5:41; Act_9:16; Act_15:26; Act_21:13; Rom_1:5; 3Jn_1:7; πάσχειν ὑπέρ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, Php_1:29; ὑπέρ τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ, 2Th_1:5; στενοχωριαι ὑπέρ τοῦ Χριστοῦ, 2Co_12:10 (it is better to connect ὑπέρ etc. here with εὐδοκῶ); ἀποθνῄσκειν ὑπέρ Θεοῦ, Ignatius ad Rom_4:1-25 [ET]. examples with a genitive of the thing are, Joh_11:4; Rom_15:8; 2Co_1:6; 2Co_12:19; ὑπέρ τῆς εὐδοκίας, to satisfy (his) good-pleasure, Php_2:13; with a genitive of the person, 2Co_1:6; Eph_3:1; Eph_3:13; Col_1:24; δοξάζειν, εὐχαριστεῖν ὑπέρ τίνος (genitive of the thing), Rom_15:9; 1Co_10:30; ὑπέρ πάντων, for all favors, Eph_5:20; ἐυηξαρίστειν ὑπέρ with a genitive of the person, Rom_1:8 (here L T Tr WH περί (see 6 below)); 2Co_1:11; Eph_1:16; ἀγῶνα ἔχειν ὑπέρ with a genitive of the person Col_2:1 L T Tr WH (see 6 below); ὑπέρ (τῶν) ἁμαρτιῶν (or ἀγνοημάτων), to offer sacrifices, Heb_5:1; Heb_5:3 (here L T Tr WH περί (see 6 below)); ; ἀποθανεῖν, of Christ, 1Co_15:3; ἑαυτόν δοῦναι, Gal_1:4 R WH text (see 6 below). 5. Like the Latinsuper (cf. Klotz, HWB, d. Latin Spr. ii, p. 1497b; (Harpers' Latin Dict. under the word, II. B. 2 b.)), it frequently refers to the object under consideration, concerning, of, as respects, with regard to ((cf. Buttmann, § 147, 21); examples from secular authors are given in Winer's Grammar, 383 (358f)); so after καυχᾶσθαι, καύχημα, καύχησις (R. V. on behalf of): 2Co_5:12; 2Co_7:4; 2Co_7:14; 2Co_8:24; 2Co_9:2; 2Co_12:5; 2Th_1:4 (here L T Tr WH εγ( (or εν() καυχᾶσθαι); φυσιουσθαι, 1Co_4:6 (others refer this to 4 above; see Meyer edition Heinrici (cf. φυσιόω, 2 at the end)); ἐλπίς, 2Co_1:7 (6); ἀγνοεῖν, 8 (here L T Tr WH marginal reading περί (see 6 below)); φρονεῖν, Php_1:7 (2Ma_14:8); ἐρωτᾶν, 2Th_2:1; κράζειν, to proclaim concerning, Rom_9:27; (παρακαλεῖν, 1Th_3:2 G L T Tr WH (see 6 below)); after εἰπεῖν, Joh_1:30 L T Tr WH (see 6 below); (so after verbs of saying, writing, etc., 2Sa_18:5; 2Ch_31:9; Joe_1:3; Jdt_15:4; 1Es_4:49; 2Ma_11:35); εἴτε ὑπέρ Τίτου, whether inquiry be made about Titus, 2Co_8:23; ὑπέρ τούτου, concerning this, 2Co_12:8. 6. In the N. T. manuscripts, as in those of secular authors also, the prepositions ὑπέρ and περί are confounded (cf. Winers Grammar, 383 (358) note; § 50, 3; Buttmann, § 147, 21; Kühner, § 435, I. 2 e.; Meisterhans, § 49, 12; also Wieseler or Ellicott on Galatians, as below; Meyer on 1Co_15:3 (see περί, the passage cited δ.)); this occurs in the following passages: Mar_14:24; (Luk_6:28); Joh_1:30; Act_12:5; Act_26:1; Rom_1:8; 1Co_1:13; 2Co_1:8; Gal_1:4; Col_1:3; Col_2:1; (1Th_3:2; 1Th_5:10); Heb_5:3. (For ὑπέρ ἐκ περισσοῦ or ὑπέρ ἐκπερισσοῦ, see ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ.) II. with the accusative (cf. Winers Grammar, § 49, e.); over, beyond, away over; more than; 1. properly, of the place 'over' or 'beyond' which, as in the Greek writings from Homer down; not thus used in the N. T., where it is always 2. metaphorically, of the measure or degree exceeded (cf. Buttmann, § 147, 21); a. universally: εἶναι ὑπέρ τινα, to be above i. e. superior to one, Mat_10:24; Luk_6:40; τό ὄνομα τό ὑπέρ πᾶν ὄνομα namely, ὄν, the name superior to every (other) name, Php_2:9; κεφαλήν ὑπέρ πάντα namely, οὖσαν, the supreme head or lord (A. V. head over all things), Eph_1:22; ὑπέρ δοῦλον ὄντα, more than a servant, Phm_1:16; more than (R. V. beyond), Phm_1:21; ὑπέρ πάντα, above (i. e. more and greater than) all, Eph_3:20 a; ὑπέρ τήν λαμπρότητα τοῦ ἡλίου, above (i. e. surpassing) the brightness of the sun, Act_26:13; more (to a greater degree) than, φιλεῖν τινα ὑπέρ τινα, Mat_10:37 (examples from secular authors are given by Fritzsche at the passage); beyond, 1Co_4:6; 2Co_12:6; ὑπέρ ὁ δύνασθε, beyond what ye are able, beyond your strength, 1Co_10:13 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 590 (549)); also ὑπέρ δύναμιν, 2Co_1:8; opposed to κατά δύναμιν (as in Homer, Iliad 3, 59 κατ' Αισαν, ὀυδ' ὑπέρ Αισαν, cf. 6, 487; 17, 321. 327), 2Co_8:3 (where L T Tr WH παρά δύναμιν). b. with words implying comparison: προκόπτειν, Gal_1:14; of the measure beyond which one is reduced, ή῾ττασθαι, 2Co_12:13 (Winer's Grammar, § 49 e.), (πλεονάζω, 1Es_8:72; περισσεύω, 1Ma_3:30; ὑπερβάλω, Sir_25:11); after comparatives equivalent to than, Luk_16:8; Heb_4:12 (Jdg_11:25; 1Ki_19:4; Sir_30:17); cf. Winers Grammar, § 35, 2; (Buttmann, § 147, 21). c. ὑπέρ is used adverbially; as, ὑπέρ ἐγώ (L ὑπερεγώ (cf. Winers Grammar, 46 (45)), WH ὑπέρ ἐγώ (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 14, 2 Note)), much more (or in a much greater degree) I, 2Co_11:23; cf. Kypke at the passage; Winer's Grammar, 423 (394). (For ὑπέρ λίαν see ὑπερλίαν.) III. In Composition ὑπέρ denotes 1. over, above, beyond: ὑπεράνω, ὑπερέκεινα, ὑπερεκτείνω. 2. excess of measure, more than: ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ, ὑπερνικάω. 3. aid, for; in defense of: ὑπερεντυγχάνω. Cf. Viger. edition Hermann, p. 668; Fritzsche on Romans, vol. i., p. 351; (Ellicott on Eph_3:20).

ὑπέρ hyper 150x (1) gen., above, over ; met. in behalf of, Mat_5:44 ; Mar_9:40 ; Joh_17:19 ; instead of beneficially, Phm_1:13 ; in maintenance of, Rom_15:8 ; for the furtherance of, Joh_11:4 ; 2Co_1:6 ; 2Co_1:8 ; for the realization of, Php_2:13 ; equivalent to περί , about, concerning, with the furthe r signification of interest or concern in the subject, Act_5:41 ; Rom_9:27 ; 2Co_5:12 ; 2Co_8:23 ; 2Th_2:1 . (2) acc., over, beyond; met. beyond, more than, Mat_10:37 ; 2Co_1:8 ; used after comparative terms, Luk_16:8 ; 2Co_12:13 ; Heb_4:12 . (3) in NT as an adv., in a higher degree, in fuller measure, 2Co_11:23 ὑπερλίαν , Adv. beyond measure, exceeding ly, σ 1184.18 ; οἱ ὑ . ἀπόστολοι the 'super -Apostles', 2Co_11:5 , 2Co_12:11 . ὑπερεκ -περισσοῦ , Adv. superab undantly, Eph_3:20 , 1Th_3:10 ( v.l. ὑπερεκπερισσῶς ).

ὑπέρ (when following subst .\-poλt.\-ὕπερ ; so as adv. , 2Co_11:23 ), prep . c . gen ., acc I. C. gen ., primarily of place (rest or motion), over, above, across, beyond, hence, metaph ., 1. for, on behalf of: of prayer, Mat_5:44 , Act_8:24 , Rom_10:1 , Jas_5:16 , al. ; of laying down life, Joh_10:11 , Rom_9:3 , al. ; esp . of Christ giving his life for man's redemption, Mar_14:24 , Joh_10:15 , Act_21:13 , Rom_5:6-8 , al. ; opp . to κατά , Mar_9:40 , Luk_9:50 , Rom_8:31 . 2. Causal, for, because of, for the sake of: c . gen . pers ., Act_5:41 , Rom_1:5 , Php_1:29 , 2Co_12:10 , al. ; c . gen . rei , Joh_11:4 Rom_15:8 , 2Co_1:6 , al. 3. = ἀντί ( v. M , Pr., 105), for, instead of, in the name of: 1Co_15:29 , 2Co_5:15 ; 2Co_5:21 Gal_3:13 , Col_1:7 , Phm_1:13 ( cf. Field, Notes , 225). 4. In more colourless sense, = περί ( M , Pr., l.c .), for, concerning, with regard to: Rom_9:27 , 2Co_1:6 ; 2Co_8:23 ; 2Co_12:8 , Php_1:7 , 2Th_2:1 , al. II. C . acc , primarily of place, over, beyond, across, hence, metaph ., of measure or degree in excess, above, beyond, over, more than: Mat_10:24 ; Mat_10:37 , Luk_6:40 , Act_26:13 , 1Co_10:13 , 2Co_1:8 , Eph_1:22 ; Eph_3:20 , Phm_1:16 , al. ; after comparatives = than ( Jdg_11:25 , al. ), Luk_16:8 , Heb_4:12 . III. As adv. ( v. supr . ad init.), more: ὕπερ ἐγώ , I more, 2Co_11:23 ; in compounds, see ὑπεράνω , ὑπερλίαν , ὑπερπερισσῶς . IV. In composition: over (ὑπεραίρω ), beyond (ὑπερβάλλω ), more (ὑπερνικάω ), on behalf of (ὑπερεντυγχάνω ). † ὑπερ -εκ -περισσοῦ , comp. adv. ( v. supr .), superabundantly, ex\-ceeding abundantly: 1Th_3:10 ; 1Th_5:13 ; seq . ὑπέρ , Eph_3:20 (not elsewhere).† *† ὑπέρ -εκ -περισσῶς , comp. adv. ( v. supr .), beyond measure, exceedingly: 1Th_5:13 , WH , mg . ( cf. ἐκπερισσῶς ).† *† υπερλίαν ( Rec. ὑπὲρλίαν , v. WM , § 50, 7n; B1., § 4, 1), adv. , exceedingly, pre-eminently: 2Co_11:5 ; 2Co_12:11 .† ὑπερεκ -περισσοῦ , Adv . superabundantly, Eph_3:20 , 1Th_3:10 ( v.l. ὑπερεκπερισσῶς ).

ὑπέρ [page 651] From its original locative meaning over (as in P Par 1 145 (B.C. 117) τὰ μὲν ὑπὲρ [γῆς ], ταῦθ᾽ ὑπὸ γῆς ), ὑπέρ came to be applied in a variety of ways. 1. c. gen. (a) = for, on behalf of, in the place of : P Tebt I. 6 .49 (B.C. 140 139) ἐπιτ ]ελεῖν τὰ νομιζόμενα τοῖς θεοῖς ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν καὶ τῶν τ [έκ ]νων , to pay the customary offerings to the gods on behalf of us and our children (Edd.), P Oxy IV. 743 .35 (B.C. 2) συνπροσγενέσθαι αὐτῶι ὡς ἀνθομολογη (σομένῳ ) ὑπέρ σου οὕτως ὡς ὑπ̣(έρ ) μου , stand by him, as he will agree in everything for you just as for me (Edd.), and BGU I. 246 .13 (ii/iii A.D.) νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας ἐντυνχάνω τῷ θεῷ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν . Cf. also with Mar_9:40 the Christian P Iand I. 16 .8 (v/vi A.D.) τὸ νόμιμον ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐστιν , and with 1Co_15:29 Michel 1001 i. 10 (will of Epicteta c. B.C. 200) τοῦ καὶ κατασκευαξαμένου τὸ μουσεῖον ὑπὲρ τοῦ μεταλλαχότος ἁμῶν υἱοῦ Κρατησιλόχου . From this it is an easy transition to ὑπέρ in a substitutionary sense, as when one man writes a letter for another, seeing that he is unable to write it for himself, e.g. P Tebt I. 104 .39 (B.C. 92) ἔγραψεν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ Διονύσιος Ἑρμαίσκ [ου ὁ προγεγραμμένος διὰ τ ]ὸ αὐτὸν μὴ ἐπίστασθ [αι γρά ]μματα , ib. II. 373 .23 (A.D. 110 1) γέ ]γραφα ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ φάσ [κοντος μὴ εἰδέναι γράμματα . Other exx. will be found s.v. ἀγράμματος , and see A. T. Robertson in Exp VIII. xviii. p. 321 ff., where the bearing of this use of ὑπέρ upon certain theological statements in the NT is discussed. Note also P Oxy IV. 722 .28 (A.D. 91 or 107) οὐκ ἐξόντος τῷ ̕Α̣χ̣[ιλλεῖ οὐδ᾽ ἄλλῳ ὑ ]πὲρ αὐτοῦ ἀπαίτησιν ποιε [ῖσθαι ] . . . τῶν προκει [μ ]ένων λύτρων , where ὑ ]πὲρ αὐτοῦ seems to imply acting in his name or on his behalf (cf. Wenger Stellvertretung , p. 12), and BGU I. 361 ii. 17 (A.D. 184) Φιλώτας ῥήτωρ ὑπὲρ Κασίου εἶπεν . , . : cf. Joh_11:50 , Gal_3:13 , Phm_1:13 . (b) = concerning, about, as to, a somewhat colourless use of ὑπέρ , by which it is equivalent to little more than περί , for which it is often a v.l. in MSS. of the NT (see s.v. περί ) : P Par 45 .2 (B.C. 152) (= UPZ i. p. 329) ἀπόντος μου πεφρόντικα ὑπὲρ σοῦ χρήσιμα τῶν σῶν πραγμάτων , P Tebt I. 6 .41 (B.C. 140 139) καθάπερ οὖν καὶ πρ [ό ]τερο [ν ] προστετάχαμεν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνηκόντων τοῖς ἱερο [ῖς κομ ]ίζεσθαι , in accordance therefore with our previous ordinance concerning the dues which belong to the temples (Edd.), ib. I. 19 .4 (B.C. 114) ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐσήμαινες πέμψαι γεωργῶν ἀπροσδέητοί ἐσμεν , as for the cultivators whom you said you were sending, I do not require them (Edd.), similarly .9 , P Goodsp Cairo 4 .6 (ii/B.C.) ( = Selections , p. 24) ὑπὲρ ὧν ἠβουλόμεθα , ἀ̣πεσ̣τάλ̣καμεν πρὸς σέ Γλαυκίαν , as regards those things we wished, we have sent to you Glaucias, and OGIS 5 .69 (B.C. 311) ὑπὲρ δὴ τούτων καὶ γράψαι μοι ἐδόκει , 90 .31 (Rosetta-stone-B.C. 196) φροντίζων ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνηκόν [των εἰς ] αὐτὰ διὰ παντός . The preposition is common also in connexion with payments, e.g. P Eleph 5 recto .19 (B.C. 284 3) ἐλογισάμην πρὸς Ἑρμαγόραν ὑπὲρ τοῦ οἴνου , P Oxy IV. 745 .2 ( c. A.D. 1) ὑπὲρ ὧν καὶ ἔθου χειρόγραφον , for which (a purchase of wine) you drew me a bond, ib. II. 278 .10 (hire of a mill A.D. 17) ὑπὲ [ρ ] τοῦ σημ [αι ]νομένου μύλου ἑκάστου μ [ηνὸ ]ς ἀργ [υρί ]ου δραχμὰς δύο τριώβολ (ον ), ib. III. 522 .7 (ii/A.D.) ὑπ (ὲρ ) μισθ (οῦ ) ἐργ (ατῶν ) (δραχμαὶ ) ῑᾱ , ib. 514 .3 (A.D. 190 1) ἔσχον παρ᾽ ὑμῶν ὑπὲρ ὀψωνίου ἀργυ (ρίου ) (δραχμὰς ) ῡ , I have received from you as my salary 400 drachmae (Edd.), and P Iand 37 .7 (v/vi A.D.) ὑπὲρ συνηθείας τοῦ ῥιπαρ (ίου ) with the editor s note. For the stronger ἀντί in connexion with the metaphor of purchase, cf. Mar_10:45 ( = Mat_20:28 ) λύτρον ἀντὶ πολλῶν with 1Ti_2:6 ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων : see Proleg. p. 105. 2. c. acc. = over, above, beyond, lit. and metaph. : P Hib I. 38 .7 (B.C. 252 1) τῶν συρίων ὑπὲρ τὴν σκηνὴ [ν ] ο̣ὐσῶν , the Syrian cloths being above the cabin (Edd.), P Petr III. 6 ( a ) .41 (B.C. 236) ὑπὲρ ὀφρὺν δεξιάν , P Tor II. 8 .70 (B.C. 119) ὑπὲρ ἑαυτὸν φρονῶν , P Flor I. 86 .1 (i/A.D.) ἀπὸ Ἑρμοῦ π̣ο̣λ̣[ε ]ως τῆς ὑπὲρ Μέμ̣φι̣ν , P Ryl II. 74 .3 (A.D. 133 5) εἰς τοὺς ὑπὲρ Κόπτον ἀνε <λ >θεῖν̣, to visit the regions beyond Coptos, P Flor I. 57 .62 (A.D. 223 5) ὑπὲρ τὸν ἀ̣ρ̣ι̣θμ [ὸ ]ν [τ ]ῶν ἑβδομήκον̣τ̣α ἐτ̣ω̣ν̣ ἐγε̣ν̣όμην , and P Oxy X. 1298 .7 (iv/A.D.) ἐγὼ μόνος πάνυ ἐμαυτὸν τηρῶν ὑπὲρ τὸν ἀσφαλήν , I have been keeping myself quite alone beyond the point of safety (Edd.). Cf. also ib. XVI. 1849 .1 (vi/vii A.D.) μίαν ὑπὲρ μίαν ( sc. ἡμέραν ), day by day. The gradual weakening of the construction of ὑπέρ c. acc. in late Greek is seen in the fact that in the NT this construction occurs only 19 times, as compared with 126 occurrences of ὑπέρ c. gen. : cf. Proleg. p. 105. For the use of διά (with gen. and with acc.) for ὑπέρ in late Greek, see Bell s note ad P Lond 1917 .7 , where reference is also made to jannaris Gr. §§ 1521, 1534 ( c ). See as usual the monographs on the prepositions by Kuhring, Rossberg, and Regard, as described in Abbreviations I. General.

ὑπέρ "over, above, w. gen, over, beyond, w. acc." Lat. super:—hence are formed comp. and Sup. ὑπέρτερος, -τατος. WITH GENIT., of Place, "over, above": in a state of rest, στέρνον ὑπὲρ μαζοῖο Il. ; ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς στῆναί τινι to stand "over" his head, Hom. : of countries, "above, further inland", οἰκέοντες ὑπὲρ Ἁλικαρνησσοῦ μεσόγαιαν Hdt. in a state of motion, "over, across", ὑπὲρ θαλάσσης καὶ χθονὸς ποτωμένοις Aesch. "over, beyond", ὑπὲρ πόντου Od. metaph., from the notion of "standing over" to protect, "for, for defence of, in behalf of", ἑκατόμβην ῥέξαι ὑπὲρ Δαναῶν Il. ; θύειν ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως Xen. ; ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος ἀμύνειν to fight "for" one's country, etc. "for the sake of" a person or thing, λίσσεσθαι ὑπὲρ τοκέων, ὑ. πατρὸς καὶ μητρός Il. c. inf. "for the purpose of", ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηδένα ἀποθνήσκειν to prevent any one from dying, Xen. "for, instead of, in the name of", ὑπὲρ ἑαυτοῦ Thuc. ; στρατηγῶν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν acting as general "by commission from" you, Dem. like περί, "on, of, concerning", Lat. de, ὑπὲρ σέθεν αἴσχεα ἀκούω Il. ; τὰ λεγόμενα ὑπέρ τινος Hdt. WITH ACC., expressing "that over and beyond which" a thing goes, of Place, "over, beyond", Hom. , Plat. of Measure, "over, above, exceeding, beyond", ὑπὲρ τὸ βέλτιστον Aesch. ; ὑπὲρ ἐλπίδα Soph. , etc. of transgression, "beyond, contrary to", ὑπὲρ αἶσαν, ὑπὲρ μοῖραν, ὑπὲρ ὅρκια Il. of Number, "above, upwards of", ὑπὲρ τεσσεράκοντα Hdt. , Xen. ; ὑπὲρ τὸ ἥμισυ "more than" half, Xen. of Time, "beyond", i. e. "before, earlier than", ὁ ὑπὲρ τὰ Μηδικὰ πόλεμος Thuc. POSITION: ὑπέρ may follow its Subst., but then by anastrophe becomes ὕπερ, Hom. , Trag. AS ADV. "over much, above measure", ὑπὲρ μὲν ἄγαν Eur. ; written ὑπεράγαν, Strab. , etc. IN COMPOS., of Place, "over, beyond", in ὑπερ-βαίνω, ὑπερ-πόντιος. "for, in defence of", in ὑπερ-ασπίζω, ὑπερ-αλγέω. "above measure", in ὑπερ-ήφανος, ὑπερ-φίαλος.

ὑπέρ (when following subst.—poët.—ὕπερ; so as adv., 2Co.11:23), prep. with genitive, accusative __I. C. genitive, primarily of place (rest or motion), over, above, across, beyond, hence, metaphorically, __1. for, on behalf of: of prayer, Mat.5:44, Act.8:24, Rom.10:1, Jas.5:16, al.; of laying down life, Jhn.10:11, Rom.9:3, al.; esp. of Christ giving his life for man's redemption, Mrk.14:24, Jhn.10:15, Act.21:13, Rom.5:6-8, al.; opposite to κατά, Mrk.9:40, Luk.9:50, Rom.8:31. __2. Causal, for, because of, for the sake of: with genitive of person(s), Act.5:41, Rom.1:5, Php.1:29, 2Co.12:10, al.; with genitive of thing(s), Jhn.11:4, Rom.15:8, 2Co.1:6, al. __3. = ἀντί (see M, Pr., 105), for, instead of, in the name of: 1Co.15:29, 2Co.5:15, 21 Gal.3:13, Col.1:7, Phm 13 (cf. Field, Notes, 225). __4. In more colourless sense, = περί (M, Pr., l.with), for, concerning, with regard to: Rom.9:27, 2Co.1:6 8:23 12:8, Php.1:7, 2Th.2:1, al. __II. C. accusative, primarily of place, over, beyond, across, hence, metaphorically, of measure or degree in excess, above, beyond, over, more than: Mat.10:24, 37 Luk.6:40, Act.26:13, 1Co.10:13, 2Co.1:8, Eph.1:22 3:20, Phm 16, al.; after comparatives = than (Jdg.11:25, al.), Luk.16:8, Heb.4:12. __III. As adv. (see supr. ad init.), more: ὕπερ ἐγώ, I more, 2Co.11:23; in compounds, see: ὑπεράνω, ὑπερλίαν, ὑπερπερισσῶς. __IV. In composition: over (ὑπεραίρω), beyond (ὑπερβάλλω), more (ὐπερνικάω), on behalf of (ὐπερεντυγχάνω). (AS)