Quick Definition
σίναπι, εως, ἡ n.n. mustard
Strong's Definition
mustard (the plant)
Derivation: perhaps from (to hurt, i.e. sting);
KJV Usage: mustard
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament
noun, n. | -εως
3.20 · Plants · Plants That Are Not Trees
mustard plant mustard plant, a large herb noted for its very small seeds and in some instances growing to a height of three meters (about ten feet) Note that in MAT 13:31 (and in the parallel passage LUK 13:19) σίναπι is actually spoken of as a δένδρον tree, evidently a type of rhetorical hyperbole.
Though the mustard plant may not be known in certain areas of the world, the use of mustard as a condiment is widely known, and therefore it is often possible to speak of ‘a plant that produces mustard’ or ‘the plant used in making mustard.’ In order, however, to make the parable meaningful, it may be necessary to have some explanation of this plant in a footnote or glossary.
UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament © United Bible Societies, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.
Thayer's Greek Lexicon
σίναπι (also σίνηπι [but not in the N. T.], both later for the Attic νάπυ [so accented in late auth., better νᾶπυ], see Lob. ad Phryn. p. 288), [thought to be of Egypt. origin; ef. Vanitek, Fremdworter, s. v. vary], -ews [B. 14 (13)), τό, mustard, the name of a plant which in oriental countries grows from a very small seed and attains to the height of ‘a tree’—ten feet and more; hence a very small quantity of a thing is likened to a κόκκος σινάπεως [A. V. @ grain of mustard seed], Mt. xvii. 20; Lk. xvii. 6; and also a thing which grows to a remarkable size, Mt. xiii. 81 sq.; Mk. iv. 31; Lk. xiii. 19. (Cf. B. D. s. v. Mustard; Zéw, Aram. Pflanzennamen, ὃ 134; Carruthers in the‘ Bible Educator’ vol. i. p.119sq.; Tristram, Nat. Ilist. of the Bible, p. 472 sq.; Z'homson, The Land and the Book, ii. 100 sq.]
Mounce Concise Greek Dictionary
σίναπι sinapi 5x
mustard; in NT probably the shrub, not the herb, Khardal, Salvadora Persica L., the fruit of which possesses the pungency of mustard, Mt. 13:31; 17:20; Mk. 4:31; Lk. 13:19; 17:6*
Abbott-Smith Greek Lexicon
† σίναπι, -εως, τό
(prob. Egyptian), = Attic τὸ νᾶπυ
mustard: Mt 13:31 17:20, Mk 4:31, Lk 13:19 17:6.†
Moulton & Milligan — Vocabulary of the Greek NT
σίναπι, “*mustard ” (Mk 451, a/.): P Tebt I. 913 (B.c. 119) (ἀρτάBas) σινάπεως y, P Fay 1224 (c. A.D. 100) εὖ ποιήσεις μεταβαλόμενος τὸ παρὰ col σίϊν]απι.. τῷ κομίζοντί cor τὸ ἐπιστόλιον, ‘please transfer the mustard that is with you to the bearer of this letter” (Edd.), P Flor I. 2021 (a.p. 127) (= Chrest. I. p. 422) σπορὰν σὺν τῷ φυησομένωι σινάπι, P Oxy VI. 9367 (iii/A.D.) τριχοίνεικον σινάπεως, ‘3 choinices of mustard,” and P Lond 4535 (iv/A.p.) (= 11. P- 319) πλῆσον κεράμιον σινάπις χλωροῦ. For a new adj. σιναπηρός, see P Oxy XVII. 2148" (a.p. 27) ὀψαρίδιν σιναπηρόν, ‘* mustard relish.” The spelling σίνηπι ἰ5 found in P Lips I. 97*=*iit. 4.8 (a.p. 338). Like the Attic νᾶπυ, the word is of Egyptian origin (Boisacq p. 657). MGr σινάπι.
Liddell-Scott-Jones — Greek-English Lexicon
σίναπι (sinapi) — mustard. σῐνᾱπ-ῐ, τό, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; genitive εως [NT+2nd c.BC+]; ιος [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ις [Refs 4th c.AD+]; dative ι [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; also σίνᾱπυ, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; genitive υος [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; σίνηπι, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; genitive εως [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ιος [Refs 2nd c.AD+]; σίνηπυ, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; also σίνηπυς, accusative υν, ὁ, [Refs 2nd c.BC+], and σίνᾱπις, ἡ, Herod.middle in [Refs]:— mustard, Sinapis alba:—in early Attic dialect and Ionic dialect none of these forms appear, but νᾶπυ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. σίνηπι ἄγριον or Περσικόν,= θλάσπι, Ps.-[Refs 1st c.AD+]
III. σ. κηπαῖον, Brassica nigra, [Refs]