σάββατον, σαββάτου, τό (Hebrew ωΗΡαΘΜϊ), found in the N. T. only in the historical books except twice in Paul's Epistles; sabbath; i. e.: 1. the seventh day of each week, which was a sacred festival on which the Israelites were required to abstain from all work (Exo_20:10; Exo_31:13; Deu_5:14); a. singular σάββατον and τό σάββατον: Mar_6:2; ( L Tr); Mar_16:1; Joh_5:9 f, etc.; equivalent to the institution of the sabbath, the law for keeping holy every seventh day of the week: Mat_12:8; Mar_2:27; Luk_6:5; λύειν, Joh_5:18; τηρεῖν, Joh_9:16; ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ σαββάτου (δΗωΗΜΡαΘΜϊ ιεν, Exo_20:8 and often), the day of the sabbath, sabbath-day, Luk_13:16; Luk_14:5; ὁδός σαββάτου, a sabbath-day's journey, the distance it is lawful to travel on the sabbath-day, i. e. according to the Talmud two thousand cubits or paces, according to Epiphanius (haer. 66, 82) six stadia: Act_1:12, cf. Mat_24:20 (the regulation was derived from Exo_16:29); cf. Winers RWB, under the word Sabbathsweg; Oehler in Herzog xiii., 203f (cf. Leyrer in Herzog edition 2 vol. 9:379); Mangold in Sehenkel v., 127f; (Ginsburg in Alexander's Kitto under the word Sabbath Day's Journey; Lumby on Act_1:12 (in Cambr. Bible for Schools)). as dative of time (Winers Grammar, § 31, 9 b.; Buttmann, § 133, 26): σαββάτῳ, Mat_24:20 (G L T Tr WH); Luk_14:1; τῷ σαββάτῳ, Luk_6:9 L text T Tr WH; Luk_13:14; Luk_14:3; Act_13:44; ἐν σαββάτῳ, Mat_12:2; Joh_5:16; Joh_7:22 (here L WH brackets ἐν),23; ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ, Luk_6:7; Joh_19:31, accusative τό σάββατον during (on) the sabbath (cf. Buttmann, § 131, 11; Winer's Grammar, § 32,6): Luk_23:56; κατά πᾶν σάββατον every sabbath, Act_13:27; Act_15:21; Act_18:4. plural τά σάββατα, of several sabbaths, Act_17:2 (some refer this to 2). b. plural, τά σαββάτων (for the singular) of a single sabbath, sabbath-day (the use of the plural being occasioned either by the plural names of festivals, as τά ἐγκαίνια, ἄζυμα, γενέσια, or by the Chaldaic form ωΗΡαΘΜϊΘΰ (Winers Grammar, 177 (167); Buttmann, 23 (21))): Mat_28:1; Col_2:16 (Exo_20:10; Lev_23:32 etc.; τήν ἑβδόμην σάββατα καλουμεν, Josephus, Antiquities 3, 6, 6; add, 1, 1, 1; (14, 10, 25; Philo de Abrah. § 5; de cherub. § 26; Plutarch, de superstitione 8); τήν τῶν σαββάτων ἑορτήν, Plutarch, symp. 4, 6, 2; hodie tricesima sabbata, Horace sat. 1, 9, 69; nowhere so used by John except in the phrase μία τῶν σαββάτων, on which see 2 below); ἡ ἡμέρα τῶν σαββάτων, Luk_4:16; Act_13:14; Act_16:13 (Exo_20:8; Exo_35:3; Deu_5:12; Jer_17:21 f); τοῖς σάββασιν and ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν (so constantly (except Lachmann in Mat_12:1; Mat_12:12) by metaplasm for σαββάτοις, cf. Winers Grammar, 63 (62); (Buttmann, 23 (21))) on the sabbath-day: Mat_12:1(see above),5, 10-12 (see above); Mar_1:21; Mar_2:23; Mar_3:2; Mar_3:4; Luk_4:31; Luk_6:9 (R G L marginal reading) (1Ma_2:38; the Sept. uses the form σαββάτοις, and Josephus both forms). On the precepts of the Jews with regard to the observance of the sabbath, which were for the most part extremely punctilious and minute, cf. Winers RWB, under the word Sabbath; Oehler in Herzog xiii. 192ff (revised by Orelli in edition 2 vol. xiii. 156ff); Schürer, Zeitgesch. 2te Aufl. § 28 II.; Mangold in Schenkel see, p. 123f; (BB. DD., under the word; Geikie, Life and Words of Christ, chapter xxxviii. vol. ii: p. 95ff; Farrar, Life of Christ, chapter xxxi. vol. i., p. 432f; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, vol. ii., p. 56ff and Appendix, xvii.). 2. seven days, a week: πρώτη σαββάτου, Mar_16:9; δίς τοῦ σαββάτου, twice in the week, Luk_18:12. The plural is used in the same sense in the phrase ἡ μία τῶν σαββάτων, the first day of the week (see εἷς, 5) (Prof. Sophocles regards the genitive (dependent on ἡμέρα) in such examples as those that follow (cf. Mar_16:9 above) as equivalent to μετά with an accusative, the first day after the sabbath; see his Lex., p. 43 par. 6): Mat_28:1; Mar_16:2; Luk_24:1; Joh_20:1; Joh_20:19; Act_20:7; κατά μίαν σαββάτων (L T Tr WH σαββάτου), on the first day of every week, 1Co_16:2.

σάββατον sabbaton 68x pr. cessation from labor, rest; the Jewish sabbath, both in the sg. and pl., Mat_12:2 ; Mat_12:5 ; Mat_12:8 ; Mat_28:1 ; Luk_4:16 ; a week, sg. and pl., Mat_28:1 ; Mar_16:9 ; pl. sabbaths, or times of sacred rest, Col_2:16 sabbath.

† σάββατον , -ου , τό (Aram. ωΡΗαΜΘϊΘΰ , transliterated σάββατα , and this being mistaken for a pl ., the sing. σάββατον was formed from it), and σάββατα , -ων , τά , [in LXX for H7676 , H7677 ;] 1. the seventh day of the week, the sabbath ; (a) the sing. form -ον , τὸ σ .: Mat_12:8 , Mar_2:27 , Luk_6:5 , al. ; ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ σ . (in LXX , Exo_20:8 , al. , usually τῶν σ ., v. infr .), Luk_13:16 ; Luk_14:5 ; ὁδὸς σαββάτου , Act_1:12 ( cf. Mat_24:29 ); dat ., of time (τῷ ) σ ., Luk_6:9 ; Luk_14:1 ; ἐν (τῷ ) σ ., Mat_12:2 , Luk_6:7 , Joh_5:16 , al. ; acc , of duration, τὸ σ ., Luk_23:56 ; κατὰ πᾶν σ ., Act_13:27 ; Act_15:21 ; Act_18:4 ; pl ., σ . τρία , Act_17:2 R , txt . (but v. infr .); (b) as most freq . in LXX ( v. Swete , Mk., 17; Thackeray, Gr. , 35) the pl . form, τὰ σ . ( v. supr . on the Aram. form. There is also an analogy in the names of other festivals, τ . ἐγκαίνια , ἄζυμα , etc.): Mat_28:1 , Col_2:16 ; ἡ ἡμέρα τῶν σ . ( Exo_20:8 , al. ), Luk_4:16 , Act_13:14 ; Act_16:13 ; dat . pl . (in LXX -τοις , but 1Ma_2:38 as in NT) by metaplasmus (El., § 9, 3), σάββασι , Mat_12:1 ; Mat_12:5 ; Mat_12:10-12 Mar_1:21 ; Mar_2:23 ; Mar_3:2 ; Mar_3:4 , Luk_4:31 ; Luk_6:2 . 2. seven days, a week; (a) the sing. form: πρώτη σαββάτσυ , Mar_16:9 ; δὶς τοῦ σ . (Bl., § 35, 4; 36, 13), Luk_18:12 ; κατὰ μίαν σαββάτου , 1Co_16:2 ; pl ., σ . τρία , Act_17:2 R , mg . (but v. supr .); (b) the pl . form: ἡ μία τῶν σ . (where the gen . = μετὰ τά ; Soph., Lex. , 43a), Mat_28:1 , Mar_16:2 , Luk_24:1 , Joh_20:1 ; Joh_20:19 , Act_20:7 .

σάββατον [page 567] σάββατον to denote the Heb. Sabbath is first found in the LXX. In the Pentateuch and elsewhere the plur. τὰ σάββατα is used both for the Sabbath and the sabbaths : see Thackeray Gr . i. p. 35. In the LXX the dat. plur. is usually σαββάτοις , but in the critical text of the NT the form σάββασι occurs frequently : cf. πρόβασι for προβάτοις in P Lond 1171 .38 (B.C. 8) (= III. p. 178), and similar exx. in Psaltes Gr . p. 176. For the significance of the added clause μηδὲ σαββάτῳ in Mat_24:20 see Boll Offenbarung , p. 134. n. .1

σάββατον, -ου, τό (Aram. שַׁבָּתָא, transliterated σάββατα, and this being mistaken for a pl., the sing. σάββατον was formed from it), and σάββατα, -ων, τά [in LXX for שַׁבָּת, שַׁבָּתוֹן ;] __1. the seventh day of the week, the sabbath __(a) the sing. form -ον, τὸ σ.: Mat.12:8, Mrk.2:27, Luk.6:5, al.; ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ σ. (in LXX, Exo.20:8, al., usually τῶν σ., see infr.), Luk.13:16 14:5; ὁδὸς σαββάτου, Act.1:12 (cf. Mat.24:29); dative, of time (τῷ) σ., Luk.6:9 14:1; ἐν (τῷ) σ., Mat.12:2, Luk.6:7, Jhn.5:16, al.; accusative, of duration, τὸ σ., Luk.23:56; κατὰ πᾶν σ., Act.13:27 15:21 18:4; pl., σ. τρία, Act.17:2 R, txt. (but see infr.); __(b) as most frequently in LXX (see Swete, Mk., 17; Thackeray, Gr., 35) the pl. form, τὰ σ. (see supr. on the Aram. form. There is also an analogy in the names of other festivals, τ. ἐγκαίνια, ἄζυμα, etc.): Mat.28:1, Col.2:16; ἡ ἡμέρα τῶν σ. (Exo.20:8, al.), Luk.4:16, Act.13:14 16:13; dative pl. (in LXX -τοις, but 1Ma.2:38 as in NT) by metaplasmus (El., § 9, 3), σάββασι, Mat.12:1, 5 12:10-12 Mrk.1:21 2:23 3:2, 4, Luk.4:31 6:2. __2. seven days, a week; __(a) the sing. form: πρώτη σαββάτσυ, Mrk.16:9; δὶς τοῦ σ. (Bl., § 35, 4; 36, 13), Luk.18:12; κατὰ μίαν σαββάτου, 1Co.16:2; pl., σ. τρία, Act.17:2 R, mg. (but see supr.); __(b) the pl. form: ἡ μία τῶν σ. (where the genitive = μετὰ τά; Soph., Lex., 43a), Mat.28:1, Mrk.16:2, Luk.24:1, Jhn.20:1, 19, Act.20:7 (AS)