ἰδιώτης, ἰδιώτου, ὁ (ἴδιος), very common in Greek writings from Herodotus down; properly, a private person, opposed to a magistrate, ruler, king; but the noun has many other meanings also, each one of which is understood from its antithesis, as e. g. a common soldier, as opposed to a military officer; a writer of prose, as opposed to a poet. In the N. T. an unlearned, illiterate, man, opposed to the learned, the educated: Act_4:13; as often in classical Greek, unskilled in any art: in eloquence (Isocrates, p. 43 a.), with the dative of respect, τῷ λόγῳ, 2Co_11:6 (A. V. rude in speech); a Christian who is not a prophet, 1Co_14:24; "destitute of the 'gift of tongues,'" 1Co_14:16; 1Co_14:23. (Cf. Trench, § lxxix.)

ἰδιώτης idiōtēs 5x pr. one in private life, one devoid of special learning or gifts, a plain person, Act_4:13 ; 2Co_11:6 ; ungifted, 1Co_14:16 ; 1Co_14:23-24

ἰδιώτης , -ου , ὁ ( < ἴδιος ), [in LXX : Pro_6:8 (no Heb .) * ;] 1 . a pri\-vate person , as opp . to the State or an official (βασιλεῖς κ . ἰδιῶται , Pr, l.c .; and cf. MM , Exp., xv). 2. one without professional knowledge, unskilled, uneducated, unlearned: 1Co_14:16 ; 1Co_14:23-24 ( R , mg ., without gifts ); ἀγράμματοι κ . ἰ ., Act_4:13 ; c . dat . ( = cl . c . gen . rei ), λόγῳ , 2Co_11:6 .†

ἰδιώτης [page 299] In Syll 847 .16 (Delphi B.C. 185) the witnesses to a manumission are the priest, two representatives of the ἄρχοντες , and five ἰδιῶται , private citizens : cf. ib. 846 .8 (B.C. 197) and OGIS 90 .52 (B.C. 196) where again a distinction is drawn between ἱερεῖς and οἱ ἄλλοι ἰδιῶται . In connexion with the difficult 1Co_14:16 ; 1Co_14:23 , Thieme (p. 32) cites Magn 99 .26 (beg. ii/B.C.) φερόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν [ἰ ]διωτῶ [ν , where the word may have some reference to worship at the founding of a sanctuary in honour of Serapis, but the context is far from clear. In P Fay 19 .12 (ii/A.D.) the Emperor Hadrian refers to his father s having died at the age of forty ἰδιώτης , a private person, and in P Oxy XII. 1409 .14 (A.D. 278) we read of overseers chosen ἐξ ἀρχόντων ἢ καὶ ἰδιωτῶν , from magistrates or private persons : cf. P Ryl II. III ( a ) .17 (censusreturn c. A.D. 161) ἰδιώ (της ) λαογ (ραφούμενος ), a private person paying polltax. The adj. ἰδιωτικός is similarly used with reference to a private bank ἰδιωτικὴ τράπεζα in P Lond 1168 .21 (A.D. 18) (= III. p. 137), and in ib. 932 .8 (A.D. 211) (=III. p. 149) with reference to δάνεια ἤτοι ἰδιωτικὰ ἢ ὃημόσια : cf. the Will, P Tebt II. 381 .18 (A.D. 123) (= Selections , p. 79), where Thaesis bequeaths her property to her daughter on condition that she discharges, her private debts διευλυτώσει ὧν ἐὰν φανῆι ἡ Θαῆσις ὀφίλουσα ἰδιοτικῶν χρεῶν , and BGU V. 121O .196 ( c. A.D. 150) Παστοφόρο̣[ις ] ἐ̣ξὸν ἰδιωτ̣ι̣κ̣ω̣υ̣ ἐ̣φίεσθαι τάξεων , Pastophoren ist es erlaubt, nach Laienstellungen zu streben (Ed.). See further Preisigke Fackwφrter , p. 1011. To the rare use of ἰδιώτης to denote absence of military rank, a private, in P Hib I. 30 .21 (B.C. 300 271) and ib. 89 .7 (B.C. 239), we can now add P Harnb I.26 .11 (B.C. 215). In contrast to rhetoricians and philosophers, Epictetus describes himself as ἰδιώτης (iii. 7. 1, al. ) : cf. 2Co_11:6 , and see Epict. iii. 9. 14 οὐδὲν ἦν ὁ Ἐπίκτητος , ἐσολοίκιζεν , ἐβαρβάριζεν (cited by Heinrici Litt. Char. p. 2).

ἰδιώτης ἰδιώτης, ου, [Etym: ἴδιος] "a private person, an individual", ξυμφέροντα καὶ πόλεσι καὶ ἰδιώταις Thuc. , etc. "one in a private station", opp. to one taking part in public affairs, Hdt. , attic; opp. to στρατηγός, "a private soldier", Xen. "a common man, plebeian", Plut. as adj., ἰδ. βίος "a private" station, "homely" way of life, Plat. "one who has no professional knowledge", as we say "a layman," ἰατρὸς καὶ ἰδιώτης Thuc. ; opp. to ποιητής, "a prose-writer", Plat. ; to a trained soldier, Thuc. ; to a skilled workman, Plat. c. gen. rei, "unpractised, unskilled in" a thing, Lat. expers, rudis, ἰατρικῆς id=Plat. ; also, ἰδ. κατά τι Xen. generally, "a raw hand, an ignorant, ill-informed man", id=Xen. , Dem. ἰδιῶται "one's own countrymen", opp. to ξένοι, Ar.

ἰδιώτης, -ου, ὁ (ἴδιος), [in LXX: Pro.6:8 (no Heb.)* ;] __1. a pri­vate person, as opposite to the State or an official (βασιλεῖς κ. ἰδιῶται, Pr, l.with; and cf. MM, Exp., xv). __2. one without professional knowledge, unskilled, uneducated, unlearned: 1Co.14:16 14:23-24 (R, mg., without gifts); ἀγράμματοι κ. ἰ., Act.4:13; with dative (= cl. with genitive of thing(s)), λόγῳ, 2Co.11:6.† (AS)