G2068 ἐσθίω (esthíō)

ἐσθίω and ἔσθω, which see (lengthened forms of ἔδω (cf. Curtius, Das Verbum, ii., p. 429)); imperfect ἤσθιον; 2 aorist ἔφαγον (from ΦΑΓΩ); future φάγομαι (2 person φάγεσαι, Luk_17:8 (references under the word κατακαυχάομαι, at the beginning)), for the classic ἔδομαι, see Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr. ii, p. 185; Kühner, i., p. 824; (Winers Grammar, 89 (85); Buttmann, 58 (51); but especially Veitch, under the word); the Sept. for ΰΘλΗμ; (from Homer down); to eat; Vulg.manduco, (edo, etc.); (of animals, to devour); a. absolutely: Mat_14:20; Mat_15:37-38; Mat_26:26; Mar_6:31; Mar_8:8; Joh_4:31, and often; ἐν τῷ φαγεῖν, in eating (the supper), 1Co_11:21; διδόναι τίνι φαγεῖν, to give one (something) to eat, Mat_14:16; Mat_25:35; Mat_25:42; Mar_5:43; Mar_6:37; Luk_9:13 (and with addition of an accusative of the thing to be eaten, Joh_6:31; Joh_6:52; ἐκ τίνος, Rev_2:7; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 198f (187f))); φέρειν τίνι φαγεῖν, to bring one (something) to eat, Joh_4:33; specifically in opposition to abstinence from certain kinds of food, Rom_14:3; Rom_14:20; ἐσθίειν καί πίνειν (and φαγεῖν καί πιεῖν), to use food and drink to satisfy one's hunger and thirst, 1Co_11:22; contextually, to be supported at the expense of others, 1Co_9:4; not to shun choice food and in a word to be rather a free-liver, opposed to the narrow and scrupulous notions of those who abstain from the use of wine and certain kinds of food, Mat_11:19; Luk_7:34; opposed to fasting (τό νηστεύειν), Luk_5:33; of those who, careless about other and especially graver matters, lead an easy, merry life, Luk_12:19; Luk_17:27; 1Co_15:32 (Isa_22:13); of the jovial use of a sacrificial feast, 1Co_10:7 from Exo_32:6; preceded by a negative, to abstain from all nourishment, Act_23:12; Act_23:21; to use a spare diet, spoken of an ascetic mode of life, Mat_11:18; of fasting, Act_9:9; ἐσθίειν (καί πίνειν) μετά τίνος, to dine, feast (in company) with one, Mat_9:11; Mar_2:16; Luk_5:30; with one (he providing the entertainment), i. e. at his house, Luk_7:36; μετά τῶν μεθυόντων etc., of luxurious revelling, Mat_24:49; Luk_12:45; ἐπί τραπέζης τοῦ Χριστοῦ, the food and drink spread out on Christ's table, i. e. to enjoy the blessings of the salvation procured by Christ (which is likened to a banquet), Luk_22:30; ἐσθίειν τίνι, to one's honor, Rom_14:6. b. construed with an accusative of the thing, to eat (consume) a thing (Winer's Grammar, 198 (187) note): Mat_6:25; Mar_1:6; Joh_4:32; Joh_6:31; Rom_14:2; 1Co_8:13; 1Co_10:25, etc.; ἄρτον, to take food, eat a meal (after the Hebrew μΖηΖν ΰΘλΗμ, Gen_43:25; Exo_2:20; 1Sa_20:24; Pro_23:7), Mat_15:2; Mar_3:20; Luk_14:1; Luk_14:15; τόν ἑαυτοῦ ἄρτον, obtained by his own labor, 2Th_3:12; ἄρτον παρά τίνος (the genitive of person) to be supported by one, 2Th_3:8; τά παρά τίνος, the things supplied by one, Luk_10:7, equivalent to τά παρατιθέμενα in Luk_10:8 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 366 (343)); 1Co_10:27; μή ἐσθίων ἄρτον μήτε πίνων οἶνον, to live frugally, Luk_7:33; τό κυριακόν δεῖπνον φαγεῖν, to celebrate the Lord's supper, 1Co_11:20; τό πάσχα, to eat the paschal lamb, celebrate the paschal supper, Mat_26:17; Mar_14:12; Mar_14:14; Luk_22:8; Luk_22:11; Luk_22:15-16 L T Tr WH; Joh_18:28; τάς θυσίας, to celebrate the sacrificial feasts, said of Jews, 1Co_10:18; of animals, in Luk_15:16 (where ὧν stands by attraction for ἅ, because ἐσθίειν with a simple genitive of thing is nowhere found in the N. T. (Winers Grammar, 198 (187) note)) by a usage hardly to be met with in classical Greek (Winers Grammar, § 28, 1; (Buttmann, 159 (139))), ἐκ τίνος, to (take and) eat of a thing: Luk_22:16 (R G); Joh_6:26; Joh_6:50; 1Co_11:28; on the other hand, ἐκ τοῦ καρποῦ (L T Tr WH τόν καρπόν), ἐκ τοῦ γάλακτος ἐσθίειν, in 1Co_9:7, is to support oneself by the sale of the fruit and the milk (but cf. Buttmann, as above, and Meyer at the passage). ἐκ with the genitive of place: ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, draw their support from the temple, i. e. from the sacrifices and offerings, 1Co_9:13 (but T Tr WH read τά ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ); also ἐκ θυσιαστηρίου, i. e. from the things laid on the altar, Heb_13:10 (Winer's Grammar, 366 (344)). by a Hebraism (ξΔο ΰΘλΗμ), ἀπό τίνος (cf. Winer's Grammar, 199 (187)): Mat_15:27; Mar_7:28. Metaphorically, to devour, consume: τινα, Heb_10:27; τί, Rev_17:16; of rust, Jas_5:3. (Compare: κατεσθίω, συνεσθίω.) STRONGS NT 2068: ἔσθωἔσθω, equivalent to ἐσθίω, a poetic form in use from Homer down, very rare in prose writings; from it are extant in the N. T. the participle ἔσθων in Mar_1:6 T Tr WH; (Luk_10:7 L T Tr WH); Luk_7:33 L Tr WH, (also 34 WH); the present subjunctive 2 person plural ἔσθητε in Luk_22:30 L T Tr WH; (cf. κατεσθίω). It occurs several times in the Sept., as Lev_17:10; Jdg_14:9 (Alex.); Isa_9:20; Sir_20:16; ἔσθετε, Lev_19:26. Cf. (Tdf. Proleg., p. 81); Buttmann, 58 (51).

ἐσθίω, and (poet, and late prose) ἔσθω, [in LXX chiefly for אכל ;] to eat; __(a) absol.: Mat.14:20, 21 Mrk.6:31, Jhn.4:31, al.; ἐν τ. φαγεῖν (on this aor. form, see M, Pr., 111), 1Co.11:21; διδόναι φαγεῖν, with dative of person(s), Mrk.5:43, al.; ἐ. καὶ πίνειν, Mat.6:25, 31 Luk.10:7, al.; of ordinary use of food and drink, 1Co.9:4 11:22; of partaking of food at table, Mrk.2:16, Luk.5:30, al.; opposite to fasting, Mat.11:18, Luk.5:33, al.; of revelling, Mat.24:49, Luk.12:45 . __(b) with accusative of thing(s): Mat.6:25, Mrk.1:6, Jhn.6:31, Rom.14:2, al.; ἄρτον (Heb. אָכַל לֶחֶם), Mat.15:2, Mrk.3:20, al.; τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἄ., 2Th.3:12; ἄ. before παρά, genitive of person(s), 2Th.3:8; τά before id., Luk.10:7; τ. πάσχα, Mat.26:17, Mrk.14:12 al; τ. κυριακὸν δεῖπνον, 1Co.11:20; τ. θυσίας, 1Co.10:18; before ἐκ (= cl. part. genitive), Jhn.6:26, 5o, 51, 1Co.11:28; ἀπό (cf. Heb. אָכַל מִן), Mat.15:27, Mrk.7:28; metaphorically, to devour, consume: Heb.10:27, Jas.5:3, Rev.17:16 (cf. κατ-, συν-εσθίω) . (AS)