Stir up (1326) (diegeiro from dia = through + egeiro = awaken, raise, rouse) in the active voice means to cause to wake up or to awaken (as in Lu 8:24) and in the passive voice to become awake. Figuratively it was used of a of a calm sea become stormy or turbulent, a picture the author would have been quite familiar with. Another figurative use is in reference not to the sea but to mental activity to be roused or stirred up (as in the present verse). Diegeiro is used 7 times in the NT in the NASB... Matthew 1:24 And Joseph arose from his sleep, and did as the angel of the Lord commanded him, and took her as his wife, Mark 4:37 And there arose a fierce gale of wind, and the waves were breaking over the boat so much that the boat was already filling up. 38 And He Himself was in the stern, asleep on the cushion; and they awoke Him and said to Him, "Teacher, do You not care that we are perishing?" 39 And being aroused, He rebuked the wind and said to the sea, "Hush, be still." And the wind died down and it became perfectly calm. Luke 8:24 And they came to Him and woke Him up (diegeiro), saying, "Master, Master, we are perishing!" And being aroused (egeiro), He rebuked the wind and the surging waves, and they stopped, and it became calm. John 6:18 And the sea began to be stirred up because a strong wind was blowing. 2 Peter 1:13 (note) And I consider it right, as long as I am in this earthly dwelling, to stir you up by way of reminder, 2 Peter 3:1 (note) This is now, beloved, the second letter I am writing to you in which I am stirring up your sincere mind by way of reminder, Rienecker says the preposition "dia" in this compound is "perfective" conveying the idea to stir up or wake up thoroughly. Kenneth Wuest agrees writing that "the prefixed preposition (dia) adds the idea of doing a thorough piece of work in arousing their minds". (Wuest, K. S. Wuest's Word Studies from the Greek New Testament: Eerdmans or Logos In sum, diegeiro means to awaken out of literal sleep. Figuratively as used twice by Peter, diegeiro means to arouse or stimulate to mental action. And so it means to stimulate one's thinking or to refresh their memory. Peter knew that our minds have a tendency to get accustomed to truth and then to take it for granted. We forget what we ought to remember and remember what we ought to forget! We are in a spiritual war, stakes are high & we face a deadly deceptive foe. Peter says it is duty (cf Luke 22:32) to continually (present tense) shake his readers out of their lethargy, to agitate them and arouse them fully out of their somnolent state. There is a similar idea in Peter's first epistle... Therefore, gird your minds for action, keep sober in spirit, fix your hope (aorist imperative - do it now!) completely on the grace to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ. (see note 1 Peter 1:13) Be of sober spirit (aorist imperative - do it now!) be on the alert. (aorist imperative - do it now!) Your adversary, the devil, prowls about like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. (see note 1 Peter 5:8) Paul issues similar calls to stir up believers... And this do, knowing the time, that it is already the hour for you to awaken (egeiro) from sleep; for now salvation is nearer to us than when we believed. (see note Romans 13:11). For this reason it says, "Awake (egeiro - present imperative), sleeper, and arise (aorist imperative - do it now!) from the dead, And Christ will shine on you." (see note Ephesians 5:14) BY WAY OF REMINDER: en hupomnesei: (2Pe 1:12) Reminder (5280) (hupomnesis from hupó = under + mimnesko = to remind) is the act of calling something to mind or remembering. It means to think about again (active) or be caused to think about again (passive). Thayer says that hupomnesis refers to a remembrance prompted by another whereas a closely related word anamnesis denotes an unassisted recalling (although he goes on to state these two words are easily interchangeable in Classical Greek). In the active sense (reminding) it represents a definite act of the person's will. In the passive sense it refers to a recollection or reminder. The of word remember comes from the word which means to retain. The word "remind" uses the prefix "hupo" (which means "up under"). Once they were awakened, everything that they had previously learned gets up under them, continues to keep them stirred and continues to keep them stable. It's wonderful how the Holy Spirit will bring to our remembrance what God has already said to us before in His Word (Jn 14:26). Hupomnesis is used 3 times in the NT (none in the Septuagint) and here are the other two uses... 2 Timothy 1:5 (note) For I am mindful of the sincere faith within you, which first dwelt in your grandmother Lois, and your mother Eunice, and I am sure that it is in you as well. 2 Peter 3:1 (note) This is now, beloved, the second letter I am writing to you in which I am stirring up your sincere mind by way of reminder Wuest adds that... "Peter purposed to do this (continually stir up their minds) by reminding them of the things which they had been taught. The phrase is instrumental of means (Ed note = Greek preposition "en" ~ instrumental). He would arouse their minds to action by reminding them of the truth they had learned from the Word of God. The preacher and teacher should be an intense student of the Word, bringing to his hearers fresh, new truth with the dew of heaven upon it. But there is a place for the repetition of the old truths which the saints know well. Much of it has not yet been put into practice and the fact that it is repeated gives the Holy Spirit an opportunity to make it experiential in the life of the believer." (Wuest, K. S. Wuest's Word Studies from the Greek New Testament: Eerdmans or Logos 2 Peter 1:14 knowing that the laying aside of my earthly dwelling is imminent, as also our Lord Jesus Christ has made clear to me. (NASB: Lockman) Greek: eidos (RAPMSN) hoti tachine estin (3SPAI) e apothesis tou skenomatos mou, kathos kai o kurios hemon Iesous Christos edelosen (3SAAI) moi; KJV: Knowing that shortly I must put off this my tabernacle, even as our Lord Jesus Christ hath showed me. NLT: But the Lord Jesus Christ has shown me that my days here on earth are numbered and I am soon to die. (NLT - Tyndale House) Phillips: I know that I shall have to leave this body at very short notice, as our Lord Jesus Christ made clear to me. (Phillips: Touchstone) Wuest: knowing that very soon there is the putting off of my tent, even as also our Lord Jesus Christ gave me to understand. (Eerdmans) Young's Literal: having known that soon is the laying aside of my tabernacle, even as also our Lord Jesus Christ did shew to me, KNOWING THAT THE LAYING ASIDE: eidos (RAPMSN) hoti tachine estin (3SPAI) e apothesis: (Dt 4:21,22, 31:14 Jos 23:14 1Ki 2:2,3 Ac 20:25 2Ti 4:6) Spurgeon writes... In the last chapter of the gospel according to John, it is recorded how Christ prophesied concerning the death of Peter, that when he was old, he should stretch forth his hands, and another should gird him, and carry him whither he would not. The evangelist adds, “This spake he, signifying by what death he should glorify God.” The prospect of crucifixion was thus always before Peter’s mind; and knowing what was to happen to him, he was not alarmed, but was rather quickened to greater diligence in stirring up the saints to make their calling and election sure. Hear thou behind thee, O Christian, the chariot wheels of thy Lord; hear thou behind thee the whizzing of the arrow of death, and let this quicken thy pace! Work while it is called today, for the sun even now touches the horizon, and the night cometh when no man can work. If we knew how short a time we have to live, how much more earnest, how much more diligent should we be! Let us be up and doing. “Let us not sleep, as do others; but let us watch and be sober,” working diligently until the Lord comes, or calls us home to himself. --- The Lord had told Peter how he was to die. He had told him that he would die by crucifixion: “When thou shalt be old, thou shalt stretch forth thy hands, and another shall gird thee, and carry thee whither thou wouldest not.” He knew that the day of his martyrdom was approaching, and so, being divinely warned, he was the more earnest to preach as a dying man to dying men. I have sometimes heard, as a criticism of that expression of Baxter’s about a dying man preaching to dying men, the remark that it would be better, as living men, to preach to living men. It is quite true that we must throw all our life into our preaching; but, as a rule, living men are never more truly alive than when they are under a due sense that they are also dying men. When we realize that eternity is very near us, and we are consciously drawing near to the great judgment-seat of Christ, than all our faculties are fully aroused, and our whole being is bent on doing the Master’s work with the utmost vigor and earnestness. Knowing (1492) (eido) is that quality of knowledge that is intuitive not gained by experience. As discussed below Jesus had given this insight to Peter initially some 40 years prior and now he knew the time was very near. Laying aside (595) (apothesis from apo = away from, indicates separation + tithemi = put) was used of laying off old clothes, as the runners who participated in the Olympic Games. This presents a wonderful picture for us all, for when we have run our last race (cf 2Ti 4:8), we will lay aside our temporal, earthly garment in anticipation of our future glorious apparel. MacDonald notes that The fact that Peter knew he would die does not negate the truth of the imminent Return of Christ for His saints, as is sometimes argued. The true church has always expected that Christ may come at any moment. Only by a special revelation did Peter know that he would not be alive when the Lord returned. (MacDonald, W & Farstad, A. Believer's Bible Commentary: Thomas Nelson or Logos) OF MY EARTHLY DWELLING IS IMMINENT: tachine...tou skenomatos mou: Clearly Peter is presenting the figure of death. Death is described aptly as laying aside one’s dwelling or tent (2Cor 5:1), for tents are well known to be temporary structures.