γῆ, genitive γῆς, ἡ (contracted from γεα, poetic γαῖα), the Sept. very often for ΰΖψΖυ and ΰΒγΘξΘδ, earth; 1. arable land: Mat_13:5; Mat_13:8; Mat_13:23; Mar_4:8; Mar_4:20; Mar_4:26; Mar_4:28; Mar_4:31; Luk_13:7; Luk_14:35 (34); Joh_12:24; Heb_6:7; Jas_5:7; Rev_9:4; of the earthy material out of which a thing is formed, with the implied idea of frailty and weakness: ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός, 1Co_15:47. 2. the ground, the earth as a standing-place (German Boden): Mat_10:29; Mat_15:35; Mat_23:35; Mat_27:51; Mar_8:6; Mar_9:20; Mar_14:35; Luk_22:44 (L brackets WH reject the passage); ; Joh_8:6; Joh_8:8 (i. e. Rec.); Act_9:4; Act_9:8. 3. the main land, opposed to sea or water: Mar_4:1; Mar_6:47; Luk_5:3; Luk_8:27; Joh_6:21; John 21:8 f, 11 ; Rev_12:12. 4. the earth as a whole, the world (Latinterrarumorbis); a. the earth as opposed to the heavens: Mat_5:18; Mat_5:35; Mat_6:10; Mat_16:19; Mat_18:18; Mat_24:35; Mar_13:31; Luk_2:14; Joh_12:32; Act_2:19; Act_4:24; 2Pe_3:5; 2Pe_3:7; 2Pe_3:10; 2Pe_3:13; Rev_21:1; τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς the things and beings that are on the earth, Eph_1:10; Col_1:16 (T WH omit; L Tr brackets τά); involving a suggestion of mutability, frailty, infirmity, alike in thought and in action, Mat_6:19; τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς (equivalent to τά ἐπίγεια, Php_3:19) terrestrial goods, pleasures, honors, Col_3:2 (opposed to τά ἄνω); τά μέλη ὑμῶν τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς the members of your earthly body, as it were the abode and instruments of corrupt desires, Col_3:5; ὁ ὤν ἐκ τῆς γῆς ... λαλεῖ (in contrast with Christ as having come from heaven) he who is of earthly (human) origin, has an earthly nature, and speaks as his earthly origin and nature prompt, Joh_3:31. b. the inhabited earth, the abode of men and animals: Luk_21:35; Act_1:8; Act_10:12; Act_11:6; Act_17:26; Heb_11:13; Rev_3:10; αἴρειν ζωήν τίνος or τινα ἀπό τῆς γῆς, Act_8:33; Act_22:22; κληρονομεῖν τήν γῆν (see κληρονομέω, 2), Mat_5:5 (4); πῦρ βάλλειν ἐπί (Rec. εἰς) τήν γῆν, i. e. among men, Luk_12:49, cf. Luk_12:51 and Mat_10:34; ἐπί τῆς γῆς among men, Luk_18:8; Joh_17:4. 5. a country, land enclosed within fixed boundaries, a tract of land, territory, region; simply, when it is plain from the context what land is meant, as that of the Jews: Luk_4:25; Luk_21:23; Rom_9:28; Jas_5:17; with a gentile noun added (then, as a rule, anarthrous, Winer's Grammar, 121 (114f)): γῆ Ἰσραήλ, Mat_2:20 f; Ιουδα, Mat_2:6; Γεννησαρέτ, Mat_14:34; Mar_6:53; Σοδομων καί Γομόρρων, Mat_10:15; Mat_11:24; Χαλδαίων, Act_7:4; Αἴγυπτος (see Αἴγυπτος); ἡ Ἰουδαία γῆ, Joh_3:22; with the addition of an adjective: ἀλλότρια, Act_7:6; ἐκείνῃ, Mat_9:26; Mat_9:31; with the genitive of person one's country, native land, Act_7:3.

γῆ gē 250x earth, soil, Mat_13:5 ; Mar_4:8 , et al.; the ground, surface of the earth, Mat_10:29 ; Luk_6:49 , et al.; the land, as opposed to the sea or a lake, Luk_5:11 ; Joh_21:8-9 ; Joh_21:11 ; the earth, world, Mat_5:18 ; Mat_5:35 , et al.; by synec. the inhabitants of the earth, Mat_5:13 ; Mat_6:10 ; Mat_10:34 ; a land, region, tract, country, territory, Mat_2:20 ; Mat_14:34 ;by way of eminence, the chosen land, Mat_5:5 ; Mat_24:30 ; Mat_27:45 ; Eph_6:3 ; the inhabitants of a region or country, Mat_10:15 ; Mat_11:24 , et al. earth; ground; land; soil.

γῆ , γῆς , ἡ , [in LXX for H776 , H127 , etc.;] 1. the earth, world: Luk_21:35 , Act_1:8 , Heb_11:13 , Rev_3:10 , al. ; opp . to οὐρινός , Mat_5:18 ; Mat_11:25 , Mar_13:27 , al. 2. land; (a) opp . to sea or water: Mar_4:1 , Luk_5:3 , Joh_6:21 , al. ; (b) as subject to cultivation: Mat_13:5 , Mar_4:8 , Luk_13:7 , Heb_6:7 , al. ; (c) the ground: Mat_10:29 , Mar_8:6 , Luk_24:5 , Joh_8:6 , al. ; (d) a region, country: Luk_4:25 , Rom_9:28 , Jas_5:17 ; γῆ Ἰσραήλ , Mat_2:20-21 ; Χαλδαίων , Act_7:4 ; ἡ Ἰουδαία γῆ , Joh_3:22 ; c . gen . pers ., Act_7:3 .

γῆ [page 125] The rare plural forms of this word which are found in the LXX may be illustrated from the Ptolemaic papyri of ii/B.C., e.g. BGU III. 993 iii. 10 (B.C. 128 7) γῶν τε καὶ οὶκιῶν , P Tor I. 1 ii. 10 (B.C. 116) ἕνεκεν τοῦ καὶ τῶν γῶν μὴ μετεσχηκέναι αὐτήν , P Tebt I. 6 .31 (B.C. 140 39) γᾶς τε καὶ ἕτερα : see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 143. In MGr, beside ἡ γῆ , we have the indeclinable ἡ γῆς , τῆς γῆς , etc. : see Thumb Handbook , p. 57. The familiar Biblical ἐπὶ γῆς appears in P Ryl II. 87 .8 (early iii/A.D.) ὁ αὐτὸς ὁριοδείκτης ἐπέδειξα ἐπι̣̣ γῆς (restored from l. .2 ), I the said surveyor have verified it on the spot : the editors suggest that ἐπὶ γῆς should be read in P Thead 54 .9 and 55 .6 . It may be observed that γῆ in papyri is regularly land in small or moderate quantities, a sense never found in NT, where γῆ is always antithetic to sky or sea, or denotes a district or country. The LXX and papyri, in their use which makes a plural possible, can go back to Ionic of v/B.C. : cf. Syll II .3 γέας καὶ οἰκίας , ib. 154 .40 (a century later) δημόσιοι γέαι . Of course the antithesis of Οὐρανός and Γαῖα is older still, as is that illustrated by the formula κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν .

γῆ "earth" opp. to heaven, or "land" opp. to sea, Hom. , etc.; κατὰ γῆν "on land, by land", Thuc. ; κατὰ γῆς Xen. :— ἐπὶ γῆς on "earth", Soph. ; κατὰ γῆς below "the earth", Trag. :—the gen. with local adverbs, ἵνα γῆς, ποῦ γῆς, "ubi terrarum, where in (in what quarter of) the world, where on earth", Soph. , etc. "earth", as an element, opp. to air, water, fire, Plat. "a land, country", Aesch. , etc.; γῆν πρὸ γῆς "from land to land", id=Aesch. "the earth or ground" as tilled, Soph. , Plat. "a lump of earth", in the phrase γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ διδόναι, in token of submission, Hdt.

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ, [in LXX for אֲדָמָה ,אֶרֶץ, etc. ;] __1. the earth, world: Luk.21:35, Act.1:8, Heb.11:13, Rev.3:10, al.; opposite to οὐρανός, Mat.5:18 11:25, Mrk.13:27, al. __2. land; __(a) opposite to sea or water: Mrk.4:1, Luk.5:3, Jhn.6:21, al.; __(b) as subject to cultivation: Mat.13:5, Mrk.4:8, Luk.13:7, Heb.6:7, al.; __(with) the ground: Mat.10:29, Mrk.8:6, Luk.24:5, Jhn.8:6, al.; __(d) a region, country: Luk.4:25, Rom.9:28, Jas.5:17; γῆ Ἰσραήλ, Mat.2:20, 21; Χαλδαίων, Act.7:4; ἡ Ἰουδαία γῆ, Jhn.3:22; with genitive of person(s), Act.7:3. (AS)