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St. Augustine

Confessions - Book Xiii - Chapter Xxi

St. Augustine expounds on the transformative power of God's Word and baptism as the essential entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven, emphasizing faith beyond signs and wonders.
In this exposition from Confessions Book XIII, Chapter XXI, St. Augustine explores the spiritual significance of baptism and the living soul's relationship to God's Word. He contrasts the natural world with the spiritual, illustrating how faith transcends the need for miraculous signs. Augustine emphasizes the role of divine messengers in nurturing faith and bringing souls into the Kingdom of Heaven.

Text

29. And thus, in thy Word, it was not the depth of the sea but \"the earth,\"[611] separated from the brackishness of the water, that brought forth, not \"the creeping and the flying creature that has life,\" but \"the living soul\" itself![612] And now this soul no longer has need of baptism, as the heathen had, or as it did when it was covered with the waters--and there can be no other entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven, since thou hast appointed that baptism should be the entrance. Nor does it seek great, miraculous works by which to buttress faith. For such a soul does not refuse to believe unless it sees signs and marvels, now that \"the faithful earth\" is separated from \"the waters\" of the sea, which have been made bitter by infidelity. Thus, for them, \"tongues are for a sign, not to those who believe but to those who do not believe.\"[613] And the earth which thou hast founded above the waters does not stand in need of those flying creatures which the waters brought forth at thy word. Send forth thy word into it by the agency of thy messengers. For we only tell of their works, but it is thou who dost the works in them, so that they may bring forth \"a living soul\" in the earth. The earth brings forth \"the living soul\" because \"the earth\" is the cause of such things being done by thy messengers, just as the sea was the cause of the production of the creeping creatures having life and the flying fowl under the firmament of heaven. \"The earth\" no longer needs them, although it feeds on the Fish which was taken out of the deep,[614] set out on that table which thou preparest in the presence of those who believe. To this end he was raised from the deep: that he might feed \"the dry land.\" And \"the fowl,\" even though they were bred in the sea, will yet be multiplied on the earth. The preaching of the first evangelists was called forth by reason of man\\

Sermon Outline

  1. I. The Nature of the Living Soul
    • The earth brings forth the living soul distinct from creatures of the sea.
    • The soul no longer requires baptism as the heathen did.
    • Baptism is the appointed entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven.
  2. II. Faith Beyond Signs and Wonders
    • Faith does not depend on miraculous works or signs.
    • Tongues serve as a sign to unbelievers, not believers.
    • The faithful earth is separated from the bitter waters of infidelity.
  3. III. The Role of God's Word and Messengers
    • God’s Word is sent through His messengers to bring forth living souls.
    • The earth is the cause of spiritual life through the agency of messengers.
    • The preaching of evangelists is divinely inspired and purposeful.
  4. IV. The Symbolism of Earth and Sea
    • The sea produces creatures of life, symbolizing the old covenant.
    • The earth represents the new covenant and spiritual nourishment.
    • Christ as the 'Fish' raised from the deep feeds the dry land.

Key Quotes

“Nor does it seek great, miraculous works by which to buttress faith.” — St. Augustine
“For such a soul does not refuse to believe unless it sees signs and marvels.” — St. Augustine
“Send forth thy word into it by the agency of thy messengers.” — St. Augustine

Application Points

  • Trust in the power of baptism as the true entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven.
  • Cultivate faith that does not depend on signs or miracles but rests in God's Word.
  • Recognize and support the work of God's messengers in spreading the gospel.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is baptism important according to Augustine?
Baptism is the appointed entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven and signifies the soul's cleansing and new life in Christ.
What does Augustine say about faith and miracles?
Faith for the believer does not rely on signs and wonders, which are primarily for those who do not believe.
What is the significance of the earth and sea in this sermon?
The sea symbolizes the old covenant and natural life, while the earth represents the new covenant and spiritual life brought forth by God's Word.
How do God's messengers function in this context?
God’s messengers carry His Word to bring forth living souls, acting as instruments of divine work.
What does Augustine mean by 'the faithful earth'?
The faithful earth refers to those who have separated themselves from infidelity and live by faith in God’s Word.

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