St. Augustine exhorts believers to cleanse their hearts, follow Christ's commandments, and shine as lights in the world by embodying divine wisdom and charity.
In this sermon from Confessions Book XIII Chapter XIX, St. Augustine explores the call to holiness through repentance, obedience, and charity. He reflects on Christ’s teaching to the rich man, emphasizing the necessity of surrendering worldly attachments to truly follow Jesus. Augustine encourages believers to become radiant lights in the world by embodying divine wisdom and actively spreading the gospel.
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24. But, first, \"wash yourselves and make you clean; put away iniquity from your souls and from before my eyes\"[595]--so that \"the dry land\" may appear. \"Learn to do well, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow,\"[596] that the earth may bring forth the green herb for food and fruit-bearing trees. \"And come, let us reason together, saith the Lord\"[597]--that there may be lights in the firmament of heaven and that they may shine upon the earth.
There was that rich man who asked of the good Teacher what he should do to attain eternal life. Let the good Teacher (whom the rich man thought a man and nothing more) give him an answer--he is good for he is God. Let him answer him that, if he would enter into life, he must keep the commandments: let him put away from himself the bitterness of malice and wickedness; let him not kill, nor commit adultery, nor steal, nor bear false witness[598]--that \"the dry land\" may appear and bring forth the honoring of fathers and mothers and the love of neighbor. \"All these,\" he replied, \"I have kept.\" Where do so many thorns come from, if the earth is really fruitful? uproot the brier patch of avarice; \"sell what you have, and be filled with fruit by giving to the poor, and you shall have treasure in heaven; and follow\" the Lord if you would be perfect and joined with those in whose midst he speaketh wisdom--who know how to give rightly to the day and to the night--and you will also understand, so that for you also there may be lights in the firmament of heaven--which will not be there, however, unless your heart is there also. And your heart will not be there unless your treasure is there,[599] as you have heard from the good Teacher. But \"the barren earth\"[600] was grieved, and the briers choked the word.[601]
25. But you, O elect people, set in the firmament of the world,[602] who have forsaken all that you may follow the Lord: follow him now, and confound the mighty! Follow him, O beautiful feet,[603] and shine in the firmament, that the heavens may declare his glory, dividing the light of the perfect ones[604]--though not yet so perfect as the angels--from the darkness of the little ones--who are nevertheless not utterly despised. Shine over all the earth, and let the day be lighted by the sun, utter the Word of wisdom to the day (\"day unto day utters speech\"[605]) and let the night, lighted by the moon, display the Word of knowledge to the night. The moon and the stars give light for the night; the night does not put them out, and they illumine in its proper mode. For lo, it is as if God were saying, \"Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven\": and suddenly there came a sound from heaven, as if it were a rushing mighty wind, and there appeared cloven tongues of fire, and they sat on each of them.[606] And then they were made to be lights in the firmament of heaven, having the Word of life. Run to and fro everywhere, you holy fires, you lovely fires, for you are the light of the world and you are not to be hid under a peck measure.[607] He to whom you cleave is raised on high, and he hath raised you on high. Run to and fro; make yourselves known among all the nations!
Sermon Outline
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I. Call to Purity and Righteousness
- Wash yourselves and remove iniquity
- Practice justice for the vulnerable
- Prepare the heart for spiritual fruitfulness
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II. The Rich Man’s Question and Christ’s Answer
- Keep the commandments to enter life
- Recognize the need to give and follow Christ fully
- Understand the danger of avarice and worldly attachment
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III. The Elect as Lights in the World
- Follow the Lord to confound the mighty
- Shine with wisdom and knowledge like celestial lights
- Be active witnesses spreading the Word of life
Key Quotes
“Wash yourselves and make you clean; put away iniquity from your souls and from before my eyes.” — St. Augustine
“Sell what you have, and be filled with fruit by giving to the poor, and you shall have treasure in heaven; and follow the Lord if you would be perfect.” — St. Augustine
“Run to and fro everywhere, you holy fires, you lovely fires, for you are the light of the world and you are not to be hid under a peck measure.” — St. Augustine
Application Points
- Examine your life for sin and seek cleansing through repentance.
- Practice generosity and care for the vulnerable as a sign of true discipleship.
- Commit to shining as a witness of Christ’s love and wisdom in your community.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does Augustine mean by 'wash yourselves'?
He calls believers to spiritual cleansing by repenting of sin and removing iniquity from their lives.
Why does Augustine reference the rich man’s story?
To illustrate the challenge of true discipleship beyond mere obedience to commandments, emphasizing charity and surrender.
What is the significance of being 'lights in the firmament'?
It symbolizes believers shining with divine wisdom and holiness to illuminate the world spiritually.
How should believers respond to this sermon’s call?
By pursuing holiness, practicing justice, and actively witnessing to others with the Word of God.
Does Augustine suggest perfection is required to shine as lights?
No, he acknowledges believers are not yet perfect like angels but still called to shine and glorify God.
