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St. Augustine

Confessions - Book Viii - Chapter II

St. Augustine illustrates the transformative power of God's grace through the conversion of Victorinus, emphasizing humility and the journey from worldly pride to Christian faith.
In this sermon, St. Augustine recounts the remarkable conversion of Victorinus, a prominent Roman philosopher who embraced Christianity despite societal pressures. Augustine highlights the importance of humility, the power of God's grace, and the contrast between worldly wisdom and divine truth. Through this biographical narrative, listeners are encouraged to trust in God's transformative work and to boldly confess their faith.

Text

3. I went, therefore, to Simplicianus, the spiritual father of Ambrose (then a bishop), whom Ambrose truly loved as a father. I recounted to him all the mazes of my wanderings, but when I mentioned to him that I had read certain books of the Platonists which Victorinus--formerly professor of rhetoric at Rome, who died a Christian, as I had been told--had translated into Latin, Simplicianus congratulated me that I had not fallen upon the writings of other philosophers, which were full of fallacies and deceit, \"after the beggarly elements of this world,\"[240] whereas in the Platonists, at every turn, the pathway led to belief in God and his Word. Then, to encourage me to copy the humility of Christ, which is hidden from the wise and revealed to babes, he told me about Victorinus himself, whom he had known intimately at Rome. And I cannot refrain from repeating what he told me about him. For it contains a glorious proof of thy grace, which ought to be confessed to thee: how that old man, most learned, most skilled in all the liberal arts; who had read, criticized, and explained so many of the writings of the philosophers; the teacher of so many noble senators; one who, as a mark of his distinguished service in office had both merited and obtained a statue in the Roman Forum--which men of this world esteem a great honor--this man who, up to an advanced age, had been a worshiper of idols, a communicant in the sacrilegious rites to which almost all the nobility of Rome were wedded; and who had inspired the people with the love of Osiris and \"The dog Anubis, and a medley crew Of monster gods who `gainst Neptune stand in arms `Gainst Venus and Minerva, steel-clad Mars,\"[241] whom Rome once conquered, and now worshiped; all of which old Victorinus had with thundering eloquence defended for so many years--despite all this, he did not blush to become a child of thy Christ, a babe at thy font, bowing his neck to the yoke of humility and submitting his forehead to the ignominy of the cross. 4. O Lord, Lord, \"who didst bow the heavens and didst descend, who didst touch the mountains and they smoked,\"[242] by what means didst thou find thy way into that breast? He used to read the Holy Scriptures, as Simplicianus said, and thought out and studied all the Christian writings most studiously. He said to Simplicianus--not openly but secretly as a friend--\"You must know that I am a Christian.\" To which Simplicianus replied, \"I shall not believe it, nor shall I count you among the Christians, until I see you in the Church of Christ.\" Victorinus then asked, with mild mockery, \"Is it then the walls that make Christians?\" Thus he often would affirm that he was already a Christian, and as often Simplicianus made the same answer; and just as often his jest about the walls was repeated. He was fearful of offending his friends, proud demon worshipers, from the height of whose Babylonian dignity, as from the tops of the cedars of Lebanon which the Lord had not yet broken down, he feared that a storm of enmity would descend upon him. But he steadily gained strength from reading and inquiry, and came to fear lest he should be denied by Christ before the holy angels if he now was afraid to confess him before men. Thus he came to appear to himself guilty of a great fault, in being ashamed of the sacraments of the humility of thy Word, when he was not ashamed of the sacrilegious rites of those proud demons, whose pride he had imitated and whose rites he had shared. From this he became bold-faced against vanity and shamefaced toward the truth. Thus, suddenly and unexpectedly, he said to Simplicianus--as he himself told me--\"Let us go to the church; I wish to become a Christian.\" Simplicianus went with him, scarcely able to contain himself for joy. He was admitted to the first sacraments of instruction, and not long afterward gave in his name that he might receive the baptism of regeneration. At this Rome marveled and the Church rejoiced. The proud saw and were enraged; they gnashed their teeth and melted away! But the Lord God was thy servant\\

Sermon Outline

  1. I. The Influence of Philosophical Writings
    • Augustine's engagement with Platonist philosophy
    • Simplicianus' guidance on discerning true wisdom
    • The limitations of worldly philosophies compared to Christian truth
  2. II. The Example of Victorinus
    • Victorinus' distinguished worldly status and pagan worship
    • His gradual journey toward Christian faith
    • The courage to confess Christ despite social pressures
  3. III. The Role of Humility in Conversion
    • Christ's humility as a model for believers
    • Victorinus embracing the 'yoke of humility'
    • The transformative power of baptism and sacraments
  4. IV. The Triumph of God's Grace
    • God's work in breaking down pride
    • The joy of the Church at a new convert
    • The defeat of worldly opposition through faith

Key Quotes

“He did not blush to become a child of thy Christ, a babe at thy font, bowing his neck to the yoke of humility and submitting his forehead to the ignominy of the cross.” — St. Augustine
“You must know that I am a Christian. ... Is it then the walls that make Christians?” — St. Augustine
“The proud saw and were enraged; they gnashed their teeth and melted away! But the Lord God was thy servant.” — St. Augustine

Application Points

  • Embrace humility as the foundation for spiritual growth and conversion.
  • Seek God's truth beyond worldly philosophies and wisdom.
  • Be courageous in confessing your faith despite social opposition.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who was Victorinus?
Victorinus was a learned Roman rhetorician and philosopher who converted from paganism to Christianity later in life.
What role did Simplicianus play in Augustine's story?
Simplicianus was a spiritual mentor who guided Augustine and encouraged humility and faith in Christ.
Why is humility emphasized in this sermon?
Humility is shown as essential for true Christian conversion and following Christ's example.
What does the sermon say about worldly wisdom?
Worldly philosophies are often full of fallacies, but Christian truth leads to genuine belief in God.
How does the sermon describe the reaction to Victorinus' conversion?
The Church rejoiced at his baptism, while the proud and worldly were enraged and diminished.

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