St. Augustine argues against the Manichean heresy by affirming the incorruptibility of God's nature and the purity of the divine Word as the source of salvation for the human soul.
In this sermon, St. Augustine confronts the Manichean heresy by exploring the nature of God’s incorruptibility and the purity of the divine Word. He carefully dismantles the false dualism that threatens to undermine Christian doctrine and affirms the salvation available to the human soul through God’s unchanging nature. Augustine’s reasoning provides a profound defense of orthodox Christian belief and encourages believers to reject heretical teachings with conviction.
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3. But it was not sufficient for me, O Lord, to be able to oppose those deceived deceivers and those dumb orators--dumb because thy Word did not sound forth from them--to oppose them with the answer which, in the old Carthaginian days, Nebridius used to propound, shaking all of us who heard it: \"What could this imaginary people of darkness, which the Manicheans usually set up as an army opposed to thee, have done to thee if thou hadst declined the combat?\" If they replied that it could have hurt thee, they would then have made thee violable and corruptible. If, on the other hand, the dark could have done thee no harm, then there was no cause for any battle at all; there was less cause for a battle in which a part of thee, one of thy members, a child of thy own substance, should be mixed up with opposing powers, not of thy creation; and should be corrupted and deteriorated and changed by them from happiness into misery, so that it could not be delivered and cleansed without thy help. This offspring of thy substance was supposed to be the human soul to which thy Word--free, pure, and entire--could bring help when it was being enslaved, contaminated, and corrupted. But on their hypothesis that Word was itself corruptible because it is one and the same substance as the soul.
And therefore if they admitted that thy nature--whatsoever thou art--is incorruptible, then all these assertions of theirs are false and should be rejected with horror. But if thy substance is corruptible, then this is self-evidently false and should be abhorred at first utterance. This line of argument, then, was enough against those deceivers who ought to be cast forth from a surfeited stomach--for out of this dilemma they could find no way of escape without dreadful sacrilege of mind and tongue, when they think and speak such things about thee.
Sermon Outline
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I
- Introduction to the Manichean challenge
- The dilemma posed by Manichean dualism
- The nature of God’s incorruptibility
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II
- Refutation of the Manichean claim about the corruptibility of the Word
- The relationship between the soul and the divine Word
- The impossibility of God’s Word being corruptible
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III
- The implications of God’s incorruptibility for spiritual warfare
- The assurance of salvation through the divine Word
- Rejecting false doctrines with horror
Key Quotes
“What could this imaginary people of darkness, which the Manicheans usually set up as an army opposed to thee, have done to thee if thou hadst declined the combat?” — St. Augustine
“If they replied that it could have hurt thee, they would then have made thee violable and corruptible.” — St. Augustine
“If, on the other hand, the dark could have done thee no harm, then there was no cause for any battle at all.” — St. Augustine
Application Points
- Trust in the incorruptible nature of God amidst spiritual challenges.
- Reject false teachings that compromise the purity of the divine Word.
- Recognize the soul’s need for divine help and embrace God’s salvation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main heresy Augustine is addressing?
Augustine is addressing the Manichean heresy, which posits a dualistic battle between good and evil forces and claims that even the divine Word could be corruptible.
Why does Augustine argue that God’s Word cannot be corruptible?
Because if God’s Word were corruptible, it would contradict the nature of God as incorruptible and pure, undermining the foundation of salvation.
What role does the human soul play in this argument?
The human soul is described as a child of God’s own substance that can be corrupted but is redeemable through the incorruptible divine Word.
How does Augustine view the Manichean claim about spiritual combat?
He sees it as a false dilemma that either makes God vulnerable or negates the need for spiritual battle, both of which are unacceptable.
