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St. Augustine

Confessions - Book Iii - Chapter VI

St. Augustine reflects on his spiritual hunger for the true God amidst the empty and deceptive teachings of the Manicheans, emphasizing the pursuit of divine truth beyond mere appearances.
In this reflective sermon, St. Augustine recounts his early spiritual struggles with false teachings and his deep longing for the true God. He contrasts the empty words of the Manicheans and others with the living, unchanging truth of God as the life of all souls. Augustine's honest introspection invites listeners to examine their own spiritual hunger and the sources from which they seek fulfillment.

Text

10. Thus I fell among men, delirious in their pride, carnal and voluble, whose mouths were the snares of the devil--a trap made out of a mixture of the syllables of thy name and the names of our Lord Jesus Christ and of the Paraclete.[65] These names were never out of their mouths, but only as sound and the clatter of tongues, for their heart was empty of truth. Still they cried, \"Truth, Truth,\" and were forever speaking the word to me. But the thing itself was not in them. Indeed, they spoke falsely not only of thee--who truly art the Truth--but also about the basic elements of this world, thy creation. And, indeed, I should have passed by the philosophers themselves even when they were speaking truth concerning thy creatures, for the sake of thy love, O Highest Good, and my Father, O Beauty of all things beautiful. O Truth, Truth, how inwardly even then did the marrow of my soul sigh for thee when, frequently and in manifold ways, in numerous and vast books, [the Manicheans] sounded out thy name though it was only a sound! And in these dishes--while I starved for thee--they served up to me, in thy stead, the sun and moon thy beauteous works--but still only thy works and not thyself; indeed, not even thy first work. For thy spiritual works came before these material creations, celestial and shining though they are. But I was hungering and thirsting, not even after those first works of thine, but after thyself the Truth, \"with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.\"[66] Yet they still served me glowing fantasies in those dishes. And, truly, it would have been better to have loved this very sun--which at least is true to our sight--than those illusions of theirs which deceive the mind through the eye. And yet because I supposed the illusions to be from thee I fed on them--not with avidity, for thou didst not taste in my mouth as thou art, and thou wast not these empty fictions. Neither was I nourished by them, but was instead exhausted. Food in dreams appears like our food awake; yet the sleepers are not nourished by it, for they are asleep. But the fantasies of the Manicheans were not in any way like thee as thou hast spoken to me now. They were simply fantastic and false. In comparison to them the actual bodies which we see with our fleshly sight, both celestial and terrestrial, are far more certain. These true bodies even the beasts and birds perceive as well as we do and they are more certain than the images we form about them. And again, we do with more certainty form our conceptions about them than, from them, we go on by means of them to imagine of other greater and infinite bodies which have no existence. With such empty husks was I then fed, and yet was not fed. But thou, my Love, for whom I longed in order that I might be strong, neither art those bodies that we see in heaven nor art thou those which we do not see there, for thou hast created them all and yet thou reckonest them not among thy greatest works. How far, then, art thou from those fantasies of mine, fantasies of bodies which have no real being at all! The images of those bodies which actually exist are far more certain than these fantasies. The bodies themselves are more certain than the images, yet even these thou art not. Thou art not even the soul, which is the life of bodies; and, clearly, the life of the body is better than the body itself. But thou art the life of souls, life of lives, having life in thyself, and never changing, O Life of my soul.[67] 11. Where, then, wast thou and how far from me? Far, indeed, was I wandering away from thee, being barred even from the husks of those swine whom I fed with husks.[68] For how much better were the fables of the grammarians and poets than these snares [of the Manicheans]! For verses and poems and \"the flying Medea\"[69] are still more profitable truly than these men\\

Sermon Outline

  1. I
    • Augustine's encounter with prideful and deceitful men
    • The emptiness behind their constant invocation of divine names
    • The contrast between their words and the true nature of God
  2. II
    • The allure and failure of Manichean teachings
    • The distinction between God's spiritual works and material creation
    • Augustine's yearning for the true God beyond illusions
  3. III
    • The certainty of physical bodies versus false fantasies
    • God as the life of souls and ultimate unchanging life
    • Augustine's realization of how far he had wandered from God

Key Quotes

“These names were never out of their mouths, but only as sound and the clatter of tongues, for their heart was empty of truth.” — St. Augustine
“I was hungering and thirsting, not even after those first works of thine, but after thyself the Truth, 'with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.'” — St. Augustine
“But thou art the life of souls, life of lives, having life in thyself, and never changing, O Life of my soul.” — St. Augustine

Application Points

  • Discern carefully the teachings you accept, ensuring they lead you closer to the true God rather than empty illusions.
  • Cultivate a deep spiritual hunger for God Himself, not merely His works or words about Him.
  • Recognize that true nourishment for the soul comes from an unchanging relationship with God, the life of all souls.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who were the Manicheans mentioned in the sermon?
The Manicheans were a religious sect whose teachings Augustine found deceptive and illusory, failing to satisfy his spiritual hunger for the true God.
What does Augustine mean by 'truth' in this sermon?
Augustine refers to 'truth' as the unchanging and living God, distinct from mere words, appearances, or material creations.
Why does Augustine reject the teachings of the philosophers and poets?
Although some philosophers spoke truth about creation, Augustine sought God's love and ultimate truth beyond intellectual knowledge or poetic fables.
What is the significance of Augustine's metaphor about food and nourishment?
He compares false teachings to food that appears satisfying but leaves the soul starved, emphasizing the need for true spiritual nourishment from God.

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