Henry T. Anderson (January 27, 1812 – September 19, 1872) was an American preacher and scholar whose ministry within the Disciples of Christ emphasized biblical teaching and translation over three decades. Born in Caroline County, Virginia, to John Burbage Anderson and Martha Tompkins, a woman noted for her intellect, he was raised in a family with Baptist roots that valued Scripture. Educated informally by his mother in Latin and Greek, he developed a deep love for biblical study, confessing faith at 21 and being baptized in 1833 by his brother Benjamin, a physician and Disciples elder, before pursuing ministry without formal theological training. Anderson’s preaching career began in May 1833, ten months after his conversion, focusing on teaching Scripture rather than traditional pulpit oratory. He served as pastor in Hopkinsville and Louisville, Kentucky, and briefly in Washington, D.C., but excelled as a Bible teacher in churches and classrooms, notably at Bacon College in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, where he was a professor from 1848 to 1861. His most enduring work was translating the New Testament from Greek, published as The New Testament Translated from the Original Greek in 1865, aiming for precision and accessibility. Married to Margaret B. Anderson around 1836, with whom he had at least one child, he passed away at age 60 in Harrodsburg, Kentucky.