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Charles Finney

Charles Grandison Finney (1792–1875). Born on August 29, 1792, in Warren, Connecticut, Charles Finney was an American Presbyterian minister and a leading figure in the Second Great Awakening. Raised in a non-religious family, he studied law in Adams, New York, until a dramatic conversion in 1821, when he experienced a vision of Christ, abandoning law for ministry. Largely self-taught in theology, he was licensed by the Presbyterian Church in 1824 and began preaching in western New York, sparking revivals with his direct, emotional sermons and “new measures” like the anxious bench. His campaigns in cities like Rochester (1830–1831) led to thousands of conversions, influencing social reforms like abolitionism. In 1835, he joined Oberlin College as a theology professor, later serving as its president (1851–1866), promoting Christian perfectionism and co-educational, anti-slavery values. Finney authored Lectures on Revivals of Religion (1835) and Systematic Theology (1846), shaping evangelicalism. Married three times—Lydia Andrews (1824, died 1847), Elizabeth Atkinson (1848, died 1863), and Rebecca Rayl (1865)—he had six children. He died on August 16, 1875, in Oberlin, Ohio, saying, “The moral law of God is the only standard of holiness.”
Sermon Summary
In his sermon 'To Elisha Camp', Charles Finney addresses the legal troubles faced by Elisha Camp, emphasizing the importance of integrity and justice in both personal and professional matters. Finney highlights the need for individuals to be prepared to confront challenges with wisdom and faith, encouraging Camp to stand firm against the accusations he faces. The sermon serves as a reminder of the moral responsibilities that come with leadership and the necessity of relying on God's guidance in difficult situations.
To Elisha Camp
To Elisha Camp 22 January 1821 [MS in the Elisha Camp Papers, Cornell University, Department of Manuscripts and Archives (Accession Number, 696, Box 2)] Elisha Camp (1786-1866) was a prominent citizen in Sackets Harbor, New York, and a land agent. He had settled in the village in 1804, where he had become supervisor of the township of Houndsfield in 1808. Subsequently he was postmaster, captain of an artillery company in the militia, deputy New York state attorney, and a politician. He was also a newspaper owner and editor, a banker, and a substantial landowner with interests in local mills, in Lake Ontario shipping, and in land and water transportation (see Elisha Camp Papers, Department of Manuscripts and Archives, Cornell University; and Franklin B. Hough, A History of Jefferson County in the State of New York [Albany: Joel Munsell, 1854], pp. 171, 174). For some years he had been a lawyer, and was at one time in partnership with someone by the name of Wright &endash; possibly Benjamin Wright (1784-1861), the lawyer in whose office Finney was employed. (See Hamilton Child, Geographical Gazetteer of Jefferson County, N.Y., 1684-1890 [Syracuse, N.Y.: 1890], p. 69) According to Marianne Perciaccante who discovered this letter, "Camp was facing suit from numerous people for a variety of reasons. It is difficult to discern what this case involved." Adams 22nd Jan. 1821 Dr. Sir, It not being convenient for Mr Wright to attend your cause at Rodman, he handed me your letter, & desired me to attend to it. The objection you mentioned is not tenable, as there is a Subsequent Statute in effect repea ling the clause which you referred to. I succeeded however in quashing the suit, on account of the summons' being made retur nable "at my office at S. Harobr" it being a public house. I took an exception to the Jurisdiction of the court, (and whether the objection was tenable or untenable is imma ial) I prevailed as the court decided that he had no Jurisdiction. I could not draw much from the plaintiff in conversation. but his counsel informed me that he was prepa red to prove that you employed Miles. they also expected Waldo from the Harbor as a witness. you will probably be able to learn from him what they can prove by him. They have a letter which they probably think to make use of on trial, (which by the by is no evidence) purporting to be from the Trustees of the corporation of your Village which shows that they considered you responsi ble to Miles for his labor. What they can in reality prove I know not. but his counsel seemed [page 2] to have much confidence in the action and that he had all the necessary proof. The action will probably be commenced de novo. immediately. I give you this information that you may be prepared to meet them and give them "change in their own coin". Yours Respectfully C. G. Finney. Elisha Camp Esq, Nearly twenty years later Finney received a letter from Elisha Camp, dated Sackets Harbor, May 16, 1840, in which he expressed a desire to visit Oberlin and enquiring about the possibility of his second son being educated there.
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Charles Grandison Finney (1792–1875). Born on August 29, 1792, in Warren, Connecticut, Charles Finney was an American Presbyterian minister and a leading figure in the Second Great Awakening. Raised in a non-religious family, he studied law in Adams, New York, until a dramatic conversion in 1821, when he experienced a vision of Christ, abandoning law for ministry. Largely self-taught in theology, he was licensed by the Presbyterian Church in 1824 and began preaching in western New York, sparking revivals with his direct, emotional sermons and “new measures” like the anxious bench. His campaigns in cities like Rochester (1830–1831) led to thousands of conversions, influencing social reforms like abolitionism. In 1835, he joined Oberlin College as a theology professor, later serving as its president (1851–1866), promoting Christian perfectionism and co-educational, anti-slavery values. Finney authored Lectures on Revivals of Religion (1835) and Systematic Theology (1846), shaping evangelicalism. Married three times—Lydia Andrews (1824, died 1847), Elizabeth Atkinson (1848, died 1863), and Rebecca Rayl (1865)—he had six children. He died on August 16, 1875, in Oberlin, Ohio, saying, “The moral law of God is the only standard of holiness.”