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Benjamin B. Warfield

Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield (November 5, 1851 – February 16, 1921) was an American preacher, theologian, and educator whose ministry and scholarship solidified him as a leading voice of conservative Presbyterianism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born near Lexington, Kentucky, to William Warfield, a cattle breeder, and Mary Cabell Breckinridge, he grew up in a prominent family—his grandfather Robert a revivalist preacher, his mother linked to Vice President John C. Breckinridge. Educated at home with his brother Ethelbert, he entered Princeton College at 16, graduating in 1871, then briefly studied abroad before attending Princeton Theological Seminary (1873–1876). Licensed to preach in 1875 and ordained in 1879, he briefly pastored in Dayton, Ohio, and Baltimore, Maryland. Warfield’s preaching career took a scholarly turn as he joined Western Theological Seminary in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, in 1878, then returned to Princeton Seminary in 1887 as Professor of Didactic and Polemic Theology, succeeding A.A. Hodge. There, he preached regularly in chapel and local churches, blending rigorous Calvinist doctrine with a defense of biblical inerrancy against rising liberalism, notably in debates over evolution and higher criticism. Editor of The Presbyterian and Reformed Review (1890–1903) and author of works like The Inspiration and Authority of the Bible (1948, posthumous), he penned over 600 articles. Married to Annie Pierce Kinkead in 1876, with no children after her health declined following a storm in Europe, he cared for her until her death in 1915. He died of a heart attack in 1921 in Princeton, New Jersey, buried there after a prolific career.