Hind

We meet this name, with peculiar emphasis of expression, in the title of the twenty - second Psalm; and whoever reads that psalm, as it is evidently written, prophetically of Christ, will not hesitate to conclude, that he is the hind of the morning, to which the whole psalm refers. Hunted as a hind, or a roe upon the mountains, from the morning of his incarnation to the close of his life on the cross. "Dogs (as he said) compassed him about, the assembly of the wicked enclosed him; they pierced my hands and my feet, " said the meek Redeemer.

And if we consider the quality and character of the hind, we discover strong features of resemblance whereby Jesus might be pictured. The hind is up with the first of the morning, at break of day. So was our Jesus first in the morning councils of eternity, when, at the call of God, he stood forth the Surety for all his people. Moreover, the sweetness of the hind is almost proverbial." Be thou (saith the church to Jesus), "be thou as a roe, or a young hart, upon the mountains of Bether. (Song 2: 17.) And who shall speak of the earnestness of the Lord Jesus to come over the mountains of sin, and hills of corruption, in our nature, when he came to seek and save that which was lost? Who shall describe those numberless anticipations which we find in the Old Testament of Jesus, in appearing sometimes as an angel, and sometimes in an human from? as if to say, how much he longed for the time to come, when he should openly appear, in the substance of our flesh, as the hind of the morning!

And there is another beautiful resemblance in the hind, or roe, to Christ, in the loveliness as well as swiftness of this beautiful creature. Nothing can be more lovely than the young roe, or hart. And what equally so to Christ, who is altogether lovely, and the "fairest among ten thousand?" He is lovely in his form and usefulness; hated indeed, by serpents, but to all the creation of God excellent. His flesh the most delicious food - - "whose flesh is meat indeed, and his blood is drink indeed. Be thou, (said the church, ) like to the roe, or to the "young hart, upon the mountains of spices." (Song 8. 14.)

אילה , Gen 49:21; 2Sa 22:34; Job 39:1; Psa 18:33; Psa 29:9; Pro 5:19; Son 2:7; Son 3:5; Jer 14:5; Hab 3:19; the male or female of the stag. It is a lovely creature, and of an elegant shape. It is noted for its swiftness and the sureness of its step as it jumps among the rocks. David and Habakkuk both allude to this character of the hind. “The Lord maketh my feet like hinds’ feet, and causeth me to stand on the high places,” Psa 18:33; Hab 3:19. The circumstance of their standing on the high places or mountains is applied to these animals by Xenophon. Our translators make Jacob, prophesying of the tribe of Naphtali, say, “Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words.” Gen 49:21. There is a difficulty and incoherence here which the learned Bochart removes by altering a little the punctuation of the original; and it then reads, “Naphtali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches.” This, indeed, renders the simile uniform; but another critic has remarked that “the allusion to a tree seems to be purposely reserved by the venerable patriarch for his son Joseph, who is compared to the boughs of a tree; and the repetition of the idea in reference to Naphtali is every way unlikely. Beside,” he adds, “the word rendered ‘let loose,’ imports an active motion, not like that of the branches of a tree, which, however freely they wave, are yet attached to the parent stock; but an emission, a dismission, or sending forth to a distance: in the present case, a roaming, roaming at liberty. The verb ‘he giveth’ may denote shooting forth. It is used of production, as of the earth, which shoots forth, yields, its increase, Lev 26:4. The word rendered ‘goodly’ signifies noble, grand, majestic; and the noun translated ‘words’ radically signifies divergences, what is spread forth.” For these reasons he proposes to read the passage, “Naphtali is a deer roaming at liberty; he shooteth forth spreading branches,” or “majestic antlers.” Here the distinction of imagery is preserved, and the fecundity of the tribe and the fertility of their lot intimated. In our version of Psa 29:9, we read, “The voice of the Lord maketh the hinds to calve, and discovereth the forests.” Mr. Merrick, in an ingenious note on the place, attempts to justify the rendering; but Bishop Lowth, in his “Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrews,” observes that this agrees very little with the rest of the imagery, either in nature or dignity; and that he does not feel himself persuaded, even by the reasonings of the learned Bochart on this subject: whereas the oak, struck with lightning, admirably agrees with the context. The Syriac seems, for אילות , hinds, to have read אלות , oaks, or rather, perhaps, terebinths. The passage may be thus versified:—

“Hark! his voice in thunder breaks, And the lofty mountain quakes; Mighty trees the tempests tear,

And lay the spreading forests bare!”

Hind (Gen 49:21; 2Sa 22:34; Job 39:1; Psa 18:33, etc.), the female of the hart or stag, doe being the female of the fallow-deer, and roe being sometimes used for that of the roebuck. All the females of the Cervidæ, with the exception of the reindeer, are hornless. It may be remarked that the emendation of Bochart on the version of Gen 49:21, where for ’Naphthali is a hind let loose, he giveth goodly words,’ he, by a small change in the punctuation of the original, proposes to read ’Naphthali is a spreading tree, shooting forth beautiful branches,’ restores the text to a consistent meaning, agreeing with the Sept., the Chaldee paraphrase, and the Arabic version. [HART].

The female of the hart or stag, a species of deer, distinguished for the lightness and elegance of its form. The hind is destitute of horns, like all the females of this class, except the reindeer. In Gen 49:21, Naphtali is compared to a hind roaming at liberty, or quickly growing up into elegance; while the "goodly words" of Naphtali refer to the future orators, prophets, and poets of the tribe. A faithful and affectionate wife is compared to the hind, Pro 5:19, as also are swift and sure-footed heroes, 2Sa 22:34 Hab 3:19 .\par

Hind. The female of the common stag or Cervus elaphus. It is frequently noticed in the poetical parts of Scripture as emblematic of...

activity, Gen 49:21; Psa 18:33,

gentleness, Pro 5:19,

feminine modesty, Son 2:7; Son_ 3:5,

earnest longing, Psa 42:1, and

maternal affection. Jer 14:5.

Its shyness and remoteness from the haunts of men are also alluded to, Job 39:1, and

its timidity, causing it to cast its young at the sound of thunder. Psa 29:9.

(See HART.)

The word ayyalah is supposed to allude to any kind of deer found in Palestine: no particular species can be identified. It is used as a symbol of activity. Gen 49:21; 2Sa 22:34, Psa 18:33; Psa 29:9; Son 2:7; Son 3:5; Hab 3:19. See HART.

HIND.—See Hart.

Emblem in art associated with Saint Giles the Hermit, symbolizing the hind saved from the huntsman by him.

hı̄nd. See DEER.

Gen 49:21 (a) This is a picture of the freedom, liberty and enjoyment which this tribe would have in life. Those whom the Lord sets free are free indeed.

2Sa 22:34 (a) The hind is the female of the red deer. It is noted for its fleetness and its sure-footedness. The Psalmist is using this as a type of the ability which GOD gave him of avoiding King Saul, and other dangerous enemies. It is a picture also of the ability GOD gives His children to travel easily over the rough paths of life, and to feel at home among the difficulties of life. The hind enjoys the rough mountain terrain. She is sure-footed, she does not seek easy paths. (See also Hab 3:19; Psa 18:33). (The "hart" is the male member of the red deer family).

See Deer