The Ecclesiastical History Of Scholasticus

1 Prefatory Note. 2 Introduction. I. Sources and Literature. 3 II. Life of Socrates. 4 III. Socrates' Ecclesiastical History. 5 IV. History of Socrates' Work. 6 Chapter I.--Introduction to the Work. 7 Chapter II.--By what Means the Emperor Constantine became a Christian. 8 Chapter III.--While Constantine favors the Christians, Licinius, his Colleague, persecutes them. 9 Chapter IV.--War arises between Constantine and Licinius on Account of the Christians. 10 Chapter V.--The Dispute of Arius with Alexander, his Bishop. 11 Chapter VI.--Division begins in the Church from this Controversy; and Alexander Bishop of Alexandria excommunicates Arius and his Adherents. 12 Chapter VII.--The Emperor Constantine being grieved at the Disturbance of the Churches, sends Hosius the Spaniard to Alexandria, exhorting the Bishop and Arius to Reconciliation and Unity. 13 Chapter VIII.--Of the Synod which was held at Nicæa in Bithynia, and the Creed there put forth. 14 Chapter IX.--The Letter of the Synod, relative to its Decisions: and the Condemnation of Arius and those who agreed with him. 15 Chapter X.--The Emperor also summons to the Synod Acesius, Bishop of the Novatians. 16 Chapter XI.--Of the Bishop Paphnutius. 17 Chapter XII.--Of Spyridon, Bishop of the Cypriots. 18 Chapter XIII.--Of Eutychian the Monk. 19 Chapter XIV.--Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia, and Theognis Bishop of Nicæa, who had been banished for agreeing in Opinion with Arius, having published their Recantation, and assented to the Creed, are reinstated in their Sees. 20 Chapter XV.--After the Synod, on the Death of Alexander, Athanasius is constituted Bishop of Alexandria. 21 Chapter XVI.--The Emperor Constantine having enlarged the Ancient Byzantium, calls it Constantinople. 22 Chapter XVII.--The Emperor's Mother Helena having come to Jerusalem, searches for and finds the Cross of Christ, and builds a Church. 23 Chapter XVIII.--The Emperor Constantine abolishes Paganism and erects many Churches in Different Places. 24 Chapter XIX. --In what Manner the Nations in the Interior of India were Christianized in the Times of Constantine. 25 Chapter XX.--In what Manner the Iberians were converted to Christianity. 26 Chapter XXI.--Of Anthony the Monk. 27 Chapter XXII.--Manes, the Founder of the Manichæan Heresy, and on his Origin. 28 Chapter XXIII.--Eusebius Bishop of Nicomedia, and Theognis Bishop of Nicæa, having recovered Confidence, endeavor to subvert the Nicene Creed, by plotting against Athanasius. 29 Chapter XXIV.--Of the Synod held at Antioch, which deposed Eustathius, Bishop of Antioch, on whose account a Sedition broke out and almost ruined the City. 30 Chapter XXV.--Of the Presbyter who exerted himself for the Recall of Arius. 31 Chapter XXVI.--Arius, on being recalled, presents a Recantation to the Emperor, and pretends to accept the Nicene Creed. 32 Chapter XXVII.--Arius having returned to Alexandria with the Emperor's Consent, and not being received by Athanasius, the Partisans of Eusebius bring Many Charges against Athanasius before the Emperor. 33 Chapter XXVIII.--On Account of the Charges against Athanasius, the Emperor convokes a Synod of Bishops at Tyre. 34 Chapter XXIX.--Of Arsenius, and his Hand which was said to have been cut off. 35 Chapter XXX.--Athanasius is found Innocent of what he was accused; his Accusers take to Flight. 36 Chapter XXXI.--When the Bishops will not listen to Athanasius' Defense on the Second Charge, he betakes himself to the Emperor. 37 Chapter XXXII.--On the Departure of Athanasius, those who composed the Synod vote his Deposition. 38 Chapter XXXIII.--The Members of the Synod proceed from Tyre to Jerusalem, and having celebrated the Dedication of the New Jerusalem,' receive Arius and his Followers into Communion. 39 Chapter XXXIV.--The Emperor summons the Synod to himself by Letter, in order that the Charges against Athanasius might be carefully examined before him. 40 Chapter XXXV.--The Synod not having come to the Emperor, the Partisans of Eusebius accuse Athanasius of having threatened to divert the Corn supplied to Constantinople from Alexandria: the Emperor being exasperated at this banishes Athanasius into Gaul. 41 Chapter XXXVI.--Of Marcellus Bishop of Ancyra, and Asterius the Sophist. 42 Chapter XXXVII.--After the Banishment of Athanasius, Arius having been sent for by the Emperor, raises a Disturbance against Alexander Bishop of Constantinople. 43 Chapter XXXVIII.--The Death of Arius. 44 Chapter XXXIX.--The Emperor falls sick and dies. 45 Chapter XL.--The Funeral of the Emperor Constantine. 46 Chapter I.--Introduction containing the Reason for the Author's 47 Chapter II.--Eusebius, Bishop of Nicomedia, and his Party, by again endeavoring to introduce the Arian Heresy, create Disturbances in the Churches. 48 Chapter III.--Athanasius, encouraged by the Letter of Constantine the Younger, returns to Alexandria. 49 Chapter IV.--On the Death of Eusebius Pamphilus, Acacius succeeds to the Bishopric of Cæsarea. 50 Chapter V.--The Death of Constantine the Younger. 51 Chapter VI.--Alexander, Bishop of Constantinople, when at the Point of Death proposes the Election either of Paul or of Macedonius as his Successor. 52 Chapter VII.--The Emperor Constantius ejects Paul after his Election to the Bishopric, and sending for Eusebius of Nicomedia, invests him with the Bishopric of Constantinople. 53 Chapter VIII.--Eusebius having convened Another Synod at Antioch in Syria, causes a New Creed to be promulgated. 54 Chapter IX.--Of Eusebius of Emisa. 55 Chapter X.--The Bishops assembled at Antioch, on the Refusal of Eusebius of Emisa to accept the Bishopric of Alexandria, ordain Gregory, and change the Language of the Nicene Creed. 56 Chapter XI.--On the Arrival of Gregory at Alexandria, tended by a Military Escort, Athanasius flees. 57 Chapter XII.--The People of Constantinople restore Paul to his See after the Death of Eusebius, while the Arians elect Macedonius. 58 Chapter XIII.--Paul is again ejected from the Church by Constantius, in consequence of the Slaughter of Hermogenes, his General. 59 Chapter XIV.--The Arians remove Gregory from the See of Alexandria, and appoint George in his Place. 60 Chapter XV.--Athanasius and Paul going to Rome, and having obtained Letters from Bishop Julius, recover their respective Dioceses. 61 Chapter XVI.--The Emperor Constantius, through an Order to Philip the Prætorian Prefect, secures the Exile of Paul, and the Installation of Macedonius in his See. 62 Chapter XVII.--Athanasius, intimidated by the Emperor's Threats, returns to Rome again. 63 Chapter XVIII.--The Emperor of the West requests his Brother to send him Three Persons who could give an Account of the Deposition of Athanasius and Paul. Those who are sent publish Another Form of the Creed. 64 Chapter XIX.--Of the Creed sent by the Eastern Bishops to those in Italy, called the Lengthy Creed. 65 Chapter XX.--Of the Council at Sardica. 66 Chapter XXI.--Defense of Eusebius Pamphilus. 67 Chapter XXII.--The Council of Sardica restores Paul and Athanasius to their Sees; and on the Eastern Emperor's Refusal to admit them, the Emperor of the West threatens him with War. 68 Chapter XXIII.--Constantius, being Afraid of his Brother's Threats, recalls Athanasius by Letter, and sends him to Alexandria. 69 Chapter XXIV.--Athanasius, passing through Jerusalem on his Return to Alexandria, is received into Communion by Maximus: and a Synod of Bishops, convened in that City, confirms the Nicene Creed. 70 Chapter XXV.--Of the Usurpers Magnentius and Vetranio. 71 Chapter XXVI.--After the Death of Constans, the Western Emperor, Paul and Athanasius are again ejected from their Sees: the Former on his Way into Exile is slain; but the Latter escapes by Flight. 72 Chapter XXVII.--Macedonius having possessed himself of the See of Constantinople inflicts much Injury on those who differ from him. 73 Chapter XXVIII.--Athanasius' Account of the Deeds of Violence committed at Alexandria by George the Arian. 74 Chapter XXIX.--Of the Heresiarch Photinus. 75 Chapter XXX.--Creeds published at Sirmium in Presence of the Emperor Constantius. 76 Chapter XXXI.--Of Hosius, Bishop of Cordova. 77 Chapter XXXII.--Overthrow of the Usurper Magnentius. 78 Chapter XXXIII.--Of the Jews inhabiting Dio-Cæsarea in Palestine. 79 Chapter XXXIV.--Of Gallus Cæsar. 80 Chapter XXXV.--Of Aëtius the Syrian, Teacher of Eunomius. 81 Chapter XXXVI.--Of the Synod at Milan. 82 Chapter XXXVII.--Of the Synod at Ariminum, and the Creed there published. 83 Chapter XXXVIII.--Cruelty of Macedonius, and Tumults raised by him. 84 Chapter XXXIX.--Of the Synod at Seleucia, in Isauria. 85 Chapter XL.--Acacius, Bishop of Cæsarea, dictates a new Form of Creed in the Synod at Seleucia. 86 Chapter XLI.--On the Emperor's Return from the West, the Acacians assemble at Constantinople, and confirm the Creed of Ariminum, after making Some Additions to it. 87 Chapter XLII.--On the Deposition of Macedonius, Eudoxius obtains the Bishopric of Constantinople. 88 Chapter XLIII.--Of Eustathius Bishop of Sebastia. 89 Chapter XLIV.--Of Meletius Bishop of Antioch. 90 Chapter XLV.--The Heresy of Macedonius. 91 Chapter XLVI.--Of the Apollinarians, and their Heresy. 92 Chapter XLVII.--Successes of Julian; Death of the Emperor Constantius. 93 Chapter I.--Of Julian; his Lineage and Education; his Elevation to the 94 Chapter II.--Of the Sedition excited at Alexandria, and how George was slain. 95 Chapter III.--The Emperor Indignant at the Murder of George, rebukes the Alexandrians by Letter. 96 Chapter IV.--On the Death of George, Athanasius returns to Alexandria, and takes Possession of his See. 97 Chapter V.--Of Lucifer and Eusebius. 98 Chapter VI.--Lucifer goes to Antioch and consecrates Paulinus. 99 Chapter VII.--By the Co-operation of Eusebius and Athanasius a Synod is held at Alexandria, wherein the Trinity is declared to be Consubstantial. 100 Chapter VIII.--Quotations from Athanasius' Defense of his Flight.' 101 Chapter IX.--After the Synod of Alexandria, Eusebius proceeding to Antioch finds the Catholics at Variance on Account of Paulinus' Consecration; and having exerted himself in vain to reconcile them, he departs; Indignation of Lucifer and Origin of a Sect 102 Chapter X.--Of Hilary Bishop of Poictiers. 103 Chapter XI.--The Emperor Julian extracts Money from the Christians. 104 Chapter XII.--Of Maris Bishop of Chalcedon; Julian forbids Christians from entering Literary Pursuits. 105 Chapter XIII.--Of the Outrages committed by the Pagans against the Christians. 106 Chapter XIV.--Flight of Athanasius. 107 Chapter XV.--Martyrs at Merum in Phrygia, under Julian. 108 Chapter XVI.--Of the Literary Labors of the Two Apollinares and the Emperor's Prohibition of Christians being instructed in Greek Literature. 109 Chapter XVII.--The Emperor preparing an Expedition against the Persians, arrives at Antioch, and being ridiculed by the Inhabitants, he retorts on them by a Satirical Publication entitled Misopogon, or the Beard-Hater.' 110 Chapter XVIII.--The Emperor consulting an Oracle, the Demon gives no Response, being awed by the Nearness of Babylas the Martyr. 111 Chapter XIX.--Wrath of the Emperor, and Firmness of Theodore the Confessor. 112 Chapter XX.--The Jews instigated by the Emperor attempt to rebuild their Temple, and are frustrated in their Attempt by Miraculous Interposition. 113 Chapter XXI.--The Emperor's Invasion of Persia, and Death. 114 Chapter XXII.--Jovian is proclaimed Emperor. 115 Chapter XXIII.--Refutation of what Libanius the Sophist said concerning Julian. 116 Chapter XXIV.--The Bishops flock around Jovian, each attempting to draw him to his own Creed. 117 Chapter XXV.--The Macedonians and Acacians meet at Antioch, and proclaim their Assent to the Nicene Creed. 118 Chapter XXVI.--Death of the Emperor Jovian. 119 Chapter I.--After Jovian's Death, Valentinian is proclaimed Emperor, 120 Chapter II.--Valentinian goes into the West; Valens remains at Constantinople, and grants the Request of the Macedonians to hold a Synod, but persecutes the Adherents of the Homoousion.' 121 Chapter III.--While Valens persecutes the Orthodox Christians in the East, a Usurper arises at Constantinople named Procopius: and at the Same Time an Earthquake and Inundation take Place and injure Several Cities. 122 Chapter IV.--The Macedonians hold a Synod at Lampsacus, during a Period of Both Secular and Ecclesiastical Agitation; and after confirming the Antiochian Creed, and anathematizing that promulgated at Ariminum, they again ratify the Deposition of Acacius a 123 Chapter V.--Engagement between Valens and Procopius near Nacolia in Phrygia; after which the Usurper is betrayed by his Chief Officers, and with them put to Death. 124 Chapter VI.--After the Death of Procopius Valens constrains those who composed the Synod, and All Christians, to profess Arianism. 125 Chapter VII.--Eunomius supersedes Eleusius the Macedonian in the See of Cyzicus, His Origin and Imitation of Aëtius, whose Amanuensis he had been. 126 Chapter VIII.--Of the Oracle found inscribed an a Stone, when the Walls of Chalcedon were demolished by Order of the Emperor Valens. 127 Chapter IX.--Valens persecutes the Novatians, because they accepted the Orthodox Faith. 128 Chapter X.--Birth of Valentinian the Younger. 129 Chapter XI.--Hail of Extraordinary Size; and Earthquakes in Bithynia and the Hellespont. 130 Chapter XII.--The Macedonians, pressed by the Emperor's Violence toward them, send a Deputation to Liberius Bishop of Rome, and subscribe the Nicene Creed. 131 Chapter XIII.--Eunomius separates from Eudoxius; a Disturbance is raised at Alexandria by Eudoxius, and Athanasius flees into Voluntary Exile again, but in Consequence of the Clamors of the People the Emperor recalls and re-establishes him in his See. 132 Chapter XIV.--The Arians ordain Demophilus after the Death of Eudoxius at Constantinople; but the Orthodox Party constitute Evagrius his Successor. 133 Chapter XV.--The Emperor banishes Evagrius and Eustathius. The Arians persecute the Orthodox. 134 Chapter XVI.--Certain Presbyters burnt in a Ship by Order of Valens. Famine in Phrygia. 135 Chapter XVII.--The Emperor Valens, while at Antioch, again persecutes the Adherents of the Homoousion.' 136 Chapter XVIII.--Events at Edessa: Constancy of the Devout Citizens, and Courage of a Pious Woman. 137 Chapter XIX.--Slaughter of Many Persons by Valens an Account of their Names, in Consequence of a Heathen Prediction. 138 Chapter XX.--Death of Athanasius, and Elevation of Peter to His See. 139 Chapter XXI.--The Arians are allowed by the Emperor to imprison Peter and to set Lucius over the See of Alexandria. 140 Chapter XXII.--Silence of Sabinus on the Misdeeds of the Arians; Flight of Peter to Rome; Massacre of the Solitaries at the Instigation of the Arians. 141 Chapter XXIII.--The Deeds of Some Holy Persons who devoted themselves to a Solitary Life. 142 Chapter XXIV.--Assault upon the Monks, and Banishment of their Superiors, who exhibit Miraculous Power. 143 Chapter XXV.--Of Didymus the Blind Man. 144 Chapter XXVI.--Of Basil of Cæsarea, and Gregory of Nazianzus. 145 Chapter XXVII.--Of Gregory Thaumaturgus (the Wonder-Worker). 146 Chapter XXVIII.--Of Novatus and his Followers. The Novatians of Phrygia alter the Time of keeping Easter, following Jewish Usage. 147 Chapter XXIX.--Damasus ordained Bishop of Rome. Sedition and Loss of Life caused by the Rivalry of Ursinus. 148 Chapter XXX.--Dissension about a Successor to Auxentius, Bishop of Milan. Ambrose, Governor of the Province, going to appease the Tumult, is by General Consent and with the Approval of the Emperor Valentinian elected to the Bishopric of that Church. 149 Chapter XXXI.--Death of Valentinian. 150 Chapter XXXII.--The Emperor Valens, appeased by the Oration of Themistius the Philosopher, abates his Persecution of the Christians. 151 Chapter XXXIII.--The Goths, under the Reign of Valens, embrace Christianity. 152 Chapter XXXIV.--Admission of the Fugitive Goths into the Roman Territories, which caused the Emperor's Overthrow, and eventually the Ruin of the Roman Empire. 153 Chapter XXXV.--Abatement of Persecution against the Christians because of the War with the Goths. 154 Chapter XXXVI.--The Saracens, under Mavia their Queen, embrace Christianity; and Moses, a Pious Monk, is consecrated their Bishop. 155 Chapter XXXVII.--After the Departure of Valens from Antioch, the Alexandrians expel Lucius, and restore Peter, who had come with Letters from Damasus Bishop of Rome. 156 Chapter XXXVIII.--The Emperor Valens is ridiculed by the People on Account of the Goths; undertakes an Expedition against them and is slain in an Engagement near Adrianople. 157 Introduction. 158 Chapter I.--After the Death of Valens the Goths again attack Constantinople, and are repulsed by the Citizens, aided by Some Saracen Auxiliaries. 159 Chapter II.--The Emperor Gratian recalls the Orthodox Bishops, and expels the Heretics from the Churches. He takes Theodosius as his Colleague in the Empire. 160 Chapter III.--The Principal Bishops who flourished at that Time. 161 Chapter IV.--The Macedonians, who had subscribed the Homoousian' Doctrine, return to their Former Error. 162 Chapter V.--Events at Antioch in Connection with Paulinus and Meletius. 163 Chapter VI.--Gregory of Nazianzus is transferred to the See of Constantinople. The Emperor Theodosius falling Sick at Thessalonica, after his Victory over the Barbarians, is there baptized by Ascholius the Bishop. 164 Chapter VII.--Gregory, finding Some Dissatisfaction about his Appointment, abdicates the Episcopate of Constantinople. The Emperor orders Demophilus the Arian Bishop either to assent to the Homoousion,' or leave the City. He chooses the Latter. 165 Chapter VIII.--A Synod consisting of One Hundred and Fifty Bishops meets at Constantinople. The Decrees passed. Ordination of Nectarius. 166 Chapter IX.--The Body of Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, is honorably transferred from his Place of Exile. Death of Meletius. 167 Chapter X.--The Emperor orders a Convention composed of All the Various Sects. Arcadius is proclaimed Augustus. The Novatians permitted to hold their Assemblies in the City of Constantinople: Other Heretics driven out. 168 Chapter XI.--The Emperor Gratian is slain by the Treachery of the Usurper Maximus. From Fear of him Justina ceases persecuting Ambrose. 169 Chapter XII.--While the Emperor Theodosius is engaged in Military Preparations against Maximus, his Son Honorius is born. He then proceeds to Milan in Order to encounter the Usurper. 170 Chapter XIII.--The Arians excite a Tumult at Constantinople. 171 Chapter XIV.--Overthrow and Death of the Usurper Maximus. 172 Chapter XV.--Of Flavian Bishop of Antioch. 173 Chapter XVI.--Demolition of the Idolatrous Temples at Alexandria, and the Consequent Conflict between the Pagans and Christians. 174 Chapter XVII.--Of the Hieroglyphics found in the Temple of Serapis. 175 Chapter XVIII.--Reformation of Abuses at Rome by the Emperor Theodosius. 176 Chapter XIX.--Of the Office of Penitentiary Presbyters and its Abolition. 177 Chapter XX.--Divisions among the Arians and Other Heretics. 178 Chapter XXI.--Peculiar Schism among the Novatians. 179 Chapter XXII.--The Author's Views respecting the Celebration of Easter, Baptism, Fasting, Marriage, the Eucharist, and Other Ecclesiastical Rites. 180 Chapter XXIII.--Further Dissensions among the Arians at Constantinople. The Psathyrians. 181 Chapter XXIV.--The Eunomians divide into Several Factions. 182 Chapter XXV.--The Usurper Eugenius compasses the Death of Valentinian the Younger. Theodosius obtains a Victory over him. 183 Chapter XXVI.--Illness and Death of Theodosius the Elder. 184 Introduction. 185 Chapter I.--On the Death of Theodosius his Two Sons divide the Empire. Rufinus is slain at the Feet of Arcadius. 186 Chapter II.--Death of Nectarius and Ordination of John. 187 Chapter III.--Birth and Education of John Bishop of Constantinople. 188 Chapter IV.--Of Serapion the Deacon on whose Account John becomes Odious to his Clergy. 189 Chapter V.--John draws down upon Himself the Displeasure of Many Persons of Rank and Power. Of the Eunuch Eutropius. 190 Chapter VI.--Gaïnas the Goth attempts to usurp the Sovereign Power; after filling Constantinople with Disorder, he is slain. 191 Chapter VII.--Dissension between Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria and the Monks of the Desert. Condemnation of Origen's Books. 192 Chapter VIII.--The Arians and the Supporters of the Homoousion' hold Nocturnal Assemblies and sing Antiphonal Hymns, a Species of Composition ascribed to Ignatius, surnamed Theophorus. Conflict between the Two Parties. 193 Chapter IX.--Dispute between Theophilus and Peter leading to an Attempt on the Part of the Former to depose John Bishop of Constantinople. 194 Chapter X.--Epiphanius Bishop of Cyprus convenes a Synod to condemn the Books of Origen. 195 Chapter XI.--Of Severian and Antiochus: their Disagreement from John. 196 Chapter XII.--Epiphanius, in order to gratify Theophilus, performs Ordinations at Constantinople without John's Permission. 197 Chapter XIII.--The Author's Defence of Origen. 198 Chapter XIV.--Epiphanius is asked to meet John; on refusing he is admonished concerning his Anticanonical Proceedings; alarmed at this he leaves Constantinople. 199 Chapter XV.--John is expelled from his Church by a Synod held at Chalcedon on account of his Dispraise of Women. 200 Chapter XVI.--Sedition on Account of John Chrysostom's Banishment. He is recalled. 201 Chapter XVII.--Conflict between the Constantinopolitans and Alexandrians on Account of Heraclides; Flight of Theophilus and the Bishops of his Party. 202 Chapter XVIII.--Of Eudoxia's Silver Statue. On account of it John is exiled a Second Time. 203 Chapter XIX.--Ordination of Arsacius as John's Successor. Indisposition of Cyrinus Bishop of Chalcedon. 204 Chapter XX.--Death of Arsacius, and Ordination of Atticus. 205 Chapter XXI.--John dies in Exile. 206 Chapter XXII.--Of Sisinnius Bishop of the Novatians. His Readiness at Repartee. 207 Chapter XXIII.--Death of the Emperor Arcadius. 208 Chapter I.--Anthemius the Prætorian Prefect administers the Government 209 Chapter II.--Character and Conduct of Atticus Bishop of Constantinople. 210 Chapter III.--Of Theodosius and Agapetus Bishops of Synada. 211 Chapter IV.--A Paralytic Jew healed by Atticus in Baptism. 212 Chapter V.--The Presbyter Sabbatius, formerly a Jew, separates from the Novatians. 213 Chapter VI.--The Leaders of Arianism at this Time. 214 Chapter VII.--Cyril succeeds Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria. 215 Chapter VIII.--Propagation of Christianity among the Persians by Maruthas Bishop of Mesopotamia. 216 Chapter IX.--The Bishops of Antioch and Rome. 217 Chapter X.--Rome taken and sacked by Alaric. 218 Chapter XI.--The Bishops of Rome. 219 Chapter XII.--Of Chrysanthus Bishop of the Novatians at Constantinople. 220 Chapter XIII.--Conflict between the Christians and Jews at Alexandria: and breach between the Bishop Cyril and the Prefect Orestes. 221 Chapter XIV.--The Monks of Nitria come down and raise a Sedition against the Prefect of Alexandria. 222 Chapter XV.--Of Hypatia the Female Philosopher. 223 Chapter XVI.--The Jews commit Another Outrage upon the Christians and are punished. 224 Chapter XVII.--Miracle performed by Paul Bishop of the Novatians at the Baptism of a Jewish Impostor. 225 Chapter XVIII.--Renewal of Hostilities between the Romans and Persians after the Death of Isdigerdes King of the Persians. 226 Chapter XIX.--Of Palladius the Courier. 227 Chapter XX.--A Second Overthrow of the Persians by the Romans. 228 Chapter XXI.--Kind Treatment of the Persian Captives by Acacius Bishop of Amida. 229 Chapter XXII.--Virtues of the Emperor Theodosius the Younger. 230 Chapter XXIII.--After the Death of the Emperor Honorius John usurps the Sovereignty at Rome. He is destroyed through the Prayers of Theodosius the Younger. 231 Chapter XXIV.--Valentinian a Son of Constantius and Placidia, Aunt of Theodosius, is proclaimed Emperor. 232 Chapter XXV.--Christian Benevolence of Atticus Bishop of Constantinople. He registers John's Name in the Diptychs. His Fore-knowledge of his Own Death. 233 Chapter XXVI.--Sisinnius is chosen to succeed Atticus. 234 Chapter XXVII.--Voluminous Productions of Philip, a Presbyter of Side. 235 Chapter XXVIII.--Proclus ordained Bishop of Cyzicus by Sisinnius, but rejected by the People. 236 Chapter XXIX.--Nestorius of Antioch promoted to the See of Constantinople. His Persecution of the Heretics. 237 Chapter XXX.--The Burgundians embrace Christianity under Theodosius the Younger. 238 Chapter XXXI.--Nestorius harasses the Macedonians. 239 Chapter XXXII.--Of the Presbyter Anastasius, by whom the Faith of Nestorius was perverted. 240 Chapter XXXIII.--Desecration of the Altar of the Great Church by Runaway Slaves. 241 Chapter XXXIV.--Synod at Ephesus against Nestorius. His Deposition. 242 Chapter XXXV.--Maximian elected to the Episcopate of Constantinople, though Some wished Proclus to take that Place. 243 Chapter XXXVI.--The Author's Opinion of the Validity of Translations from One See to Another. 244 Chapter XXXVII.--Miracle performed by Silvanus Bishop of Troas formerly of Philippopolis. 245 Chapter XXXVIII.--Many of the Jews in Crete embrace the Christian Faith. 246 Chapter XXXIX.--Preservation of the Church of the Novatians from Fire. 247 Chapter XL.--Proclus succeeds Maximian Bishop of Constantinople. 248 Chapter XLI.--Excellent Qualities of Proclus. 249 Chapter XLII.--Panegyric of the Emperor Theodosius Younger. 250 Chapter XLIII.--Calamities of the Barbarians who had been the Usurper John's Allies. 251 Chapter XLIV.--Marriage of the Emperor Valentinian with Eudoxia the Daughter of Theodosius. 252 Chapter XLV.--The Body of John Chrysostom transferred to Constantinople, and placed in the Church of the Apostles by the Emperor at the Instigation of Proclus. 253 Chapter XLVI.--Death of Paul Bishop of the Novatians, and Election of Marcian as his Successor. 254 Chapter XLVII.--The Empress Eudocia goes to Jerusalem; sent there by the Emperor Theodosius. 255 Chapter XLVIII.--Thalassius is ordained Bishop of Cæsarea in Cappadocia.