This verse lists the descendants of the priests who could not prove their ancestry to show their eligibility for the priesthood. It highlights the importance of genealogy and lineage in the context of serving as priests in the temple. The meticulous record-keeping reflects the attention to detail and adherence to God's laws in maintaining the purity of the priesthood. This emphasis on lineage underscores the significance of heritage and the divine order in the priestly duties during the time of Nehemiah's leadership.