This verse lists the inhabitants of the city of Jerusalem during the time of Nehemiah's leadership. It highlights the diverse groups of people who resided in the city, including leaders, priests, Levites, temple servants, and descendants of Solomon's servants. The detailed account reflects the importance of community and organization in the restoration of Jerusalem after the exile. It also signifies the fulfillment of God's promise to bring His people back to their land and rebuild their city, showcasing His faithfulness and provision.