In Nehemiah 10:23, the people of Israel are making a solemn covenant with God to follow His laws and commands. This verse specifically mentions that they will not give their daughters in marriage to the peoples around them or take their daughters for their sons. This commitment reflects their desire to remain faithful to God and avoid the influence of foreign cultures and idolatry. It underscores the importance of maintaining spiritual purity and obedience to God's instructions, even in the area of marriage and relationships.