Judges 10:3
Judges 10:3 in Multiple Translations
Tola was followed by Jair the Gileadite, who judged Israel twenty-two years.
¶ And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite, and judged Israel twenty and two years.
And after him arose Jair, the Gileadite; and he judged Israel twenty and two years.
And after him came Jair the Gileadite, who was judge over Israel for twenty-two years.
After Tola came Jair from Gilead, who led Israel as a judge for twenty-two years.
And after him arose Iair a Gileadite, and iudged Israel two and twenty yeere.
And there riseth after him Jair the Gileadite, and he judgeth Israel twenty and two years,
After him Jair, the Gileadite, arose. He judged Israel twenty-two years.
And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite, and judged Israel twenty and two years.
To him succeeded Jair the Galaadite, who judged Israel for two and twenty years.
After Tola died, Jair, from the Gilead region, became the Israelis’ leader, and he ruled them for 22 years.
Berean Amplified Bible — Judges 10:3
BAB
Word Study
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Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
Judges 10:3 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יָּ֣קָם
אַחֲרָ֔י/ו
יָאִ֖יר
הַ/גִּלְעָדִ֑י
וַ/יִּשְׁפֹּט֙
אֶת
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
עֶשְׂרִ֥ים
וּ/שְׁתַּ֖יִם
שָׁנָֽה
וַ/יָּ֣קָם
qûwm
H6965
-kamai
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
אַחֲרָ֔י/ו
ʼachar
H310
after
Prep | Suff
יָאִ֖יר
Yâʼîyr
H2971
Jair
N-proper
הַ/גִּלְעָדִ֑י
Gilʻâdîy
H1569
Gileadite
Art | Ngmsa
וַ/יִּשְׁפֹּט֙
shâphaṭ
H8199
to judge
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
Israel
N-proper
עֶשְׂרִ֥ים
ʻesrîym
H6242
twenty
Adj
וּ/שְׁתַּ֖יִם
shᵉnayim
H8147
two
Conj | Adj
שָׁנָֽה
shâneh
H8141
year
N-fs
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Judges 10:3
וַ/יָּ֣קָם
qûwm
H6965
"-kamai"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Definition: Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B) § -Kamai = "my adversary" Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
Usage: Occurs in 596 OT verses. KJV: abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising). See also: Genesis 4:8; Numbers 30:13; Ruth 4:10.
אַחֲרָ֔י/ו
ʼachar
H310
"after"
Prep | Suff
Achar means backwards or after, used to describe something that happens later or in the rear. It is used in various senses in the Bible, including in 1 Kings 12:18.
Definition: 1) after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time) 1a) as an adverb 1a1) behind (of place) 1a2) afterwards (of time) 1b) as a preposition 1b1) behind, after (of place) 1b2) after (of time) 1b3) besides 1c) as a conjunction 1c) after that 1d) as a substantive 1d1) hinder part 1e) with other prepositions 1e1) from behind 1e2) from following after
Usage: Occurs in 664 OT verses. KJV: after (that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side), behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from, hereafter, hinder end, [phrase] out (over) live, [phrase] persecute, posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth), when, with. See also: Genesis 5:4; Exodus 18:2; Joshua 8:14.
יָאִ֖יר
Yâʼîyr
H2971
"Jair"
N-proper
Jair, meaning 'he enlightens', is the name of several Israelites, including a judge who led Israel for 22 years and a descendant of Manasseh who conquered many towns. This name symbolizes the light of understanding and guidance. It is found in the books of Esther and Judges.
Definition: A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Est.2.5; son of: Shimei (H8096U); father of: Mordecai (H4782H) § Jair = "he enlightens" 1) a descendant of Manasseh who conquered many towns during the time of the conquest 2) the Gileadite, a judge of Israel for 22 years during the time of the judges; father of 30 sons 3) a Benjamite, son of Kish, and father of Mordecai 4) father of Elhanan, one of David's mighty warriors
Usage: Occurs in 9 OT verses. KJV: Jair. See also: Numbers 32:41; Judges 10:5; Esther 2:5.
הַ/גִּלְעָדִ֑י
Gilʻâdîy
H1569
"Gileadite"
Art | Ngmsa
A Gileadite is someone from Gilead, a descendant of the region or the tribe of Manasseh. They are inhabitants of the 'rocky region' of Gilead.
Definition: Someone from Gilead Group of gil.ad (גִּלְעָד "Gilead" H1568) § Gileadite = "rocky region" 1) an inhabitant of Gilead - 2) a branch of the tribe of Manasseh, descended of Gilead
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Gileadite. See also: Numbers 26:29; 2 Samuel 17:27; Nehemiah 7:63.
וַ/יִּשְׁפֹּט֙
shâphaṭ
H8199
"to judge"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To shaphat means to judge or govern, and can also mean to vindicate or punish. In the Bible, this term is often used to describe God's role as a judge, as well as human judges and rulers.
Definition: 1) to judge, govern, vindicate, punish 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man) 1a1a) to rule, govern, judge 1a2) to decide controversy (of God, man) 1a3) to execute judgment 1a3a) discriminating (of man) 1a3b) vindicating 1a3c) condemning and punishing 1a3d) at theophanic advent for final judgment 1b) (Niphal) 1b1) to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together 1b2) to be judged 1c) (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)
Usage: Occurs in 182 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] avenge, [idiom] that condemn, contend, defend, execute (judgment), (be a) judge(-ment), [idiom] needs, plead, reason, rule. See also: Genesis 16:5; Psalms 9:5; Psalms 2:10.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
Yisrâʼêl
H3478
"Israel"
N-proper
Israel is the symbolic name of Jacob, also referring to his descendants. Jacob, son of Isaac and Rebekah, had 12 sons who became the tribes of Israel, as told in Genesis 25:26. His story is crucial to the Bible's narrative.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A); father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently § Israel = "God prevails" 1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel 2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob 2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split 2b) the name used and given to the northern kingdom consisting of the 10 tribes under Jeroboam; the southern kingdom was known as Judah 2c) the name of the nation after the return from exile
Usage: Occurs in 2231 OT verses. KJV: Israel. See also: Genesis 32:29; Exodus 13:18; Exodus 40:38.
עֶשְׂרִ֥ים
ʻesrîym
H6242
"twenty"
Adj
This word means twenty, and is also used as an ordinal number, like twentieth, as seen in Genesis 31:38. It can refer to a specific age or quantity.
Definition: twenty, twentieth Aramaic equivalent: es.rin (עֶשְׂרִין "twenty" H6243)
Usage: Occurs in 281 OT verses. KJV: (six-) score, twenty(-ieth). See also: Genesis 6:3; 1 Kings 9:14; Ezra 2:19.
וּ/שְׁתַּ֖יִם
shᵉnayim
H8147
"two"
Conj | Adj
The Hebrew word for the number two appears in Genesis and Exodus, describing pairs and dualities. It can also mean double or twice. In the Bible, it is often used to describe things that come in twos, like two witnesses or two tablets.
Definition: 1) two 1a) two (the cardinal number) 1a1) two, both, double, twice 1b) second (the ordinal number) 1c) in combination with other numbers 1d) both (a dual number)
Usage: Occurs in 646 OT verses. KJV: both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two. See also: Genesis 1:16; Exodus 30:4; Numbers 13:23.
שָׁנָֽה
shâneh
H8141
"year"
N-fs
This word also means a year, like when Abraham was 100 years old in Genesis 21. It is used to describe a period of time, age, or a lifetime.
Definition: 1) year 1a) as division of time 1b) as measure of time 1c) as indication of age 1d) a lifetime (of years of life) Aramaic equivalent: she.nah (שְׁנָה "year" H8140)
Usage: Occurs in 647 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] whole age, [idiom] long, [phrase] old, year([idiom] -ly). See also: Genesis 1:14; Genesis 47:28; Numbers 7:35.
Study Notes — Judges 10:3
Show Verse Quote Highlights
- Context
- Cross References
- Judges 10:3 Summary
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Reflection Questions
- Gill's Exposition on Judges 10:3
- Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 10:3
- Matthew Poole's Commentary on Judges 10:3
- Trapp's Commentary on Judges 10:3
- Ellicott's Commentary on Judges 10:3
- Cambridge Bible on Judges 10:3
- Whedon's Commentary on Judges 10:3
- Sermons on Judges 10:3
Context — Jair
1After the time of Abimelech, a man of Issachar, Tola son of Puah, the son of Dodo, rose up to save Israel. He lived in Shamir, in the hill country of Ephraim.
2Tola judged Israel twenty-three years, and when he died, he was buried in Shamir.
3Tola was followed by Jair the Gileadite, who judged Israel twenty-two years.
4He had thirty sons who rode on thirty donkeys. And they had thirty towns in the land of Gilead, which to this day are called Havvoth-jair. 5When Jair died, he was buried in Kamon.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Numbers 32:29 | And Moses said to them, “If the Gadites and Reubenites cross the Jordan with you, with every man armed for battle before the LORD, and the land is subdued before you, then you are to give them the land of Gilead as a possession. |
| 2 | Genesis 31:48 | Then Laban declared, “This mound is a witness between you and me this day.” Therefore the place was called Galeed. |
Judges 10:3 Summary
Judges 10:3 tells us about Jair, a man from Gilead who became a judge of Israel after Tola. He led Israel for twenty-two years, which was a time of peace and stability, similar to what we see in the early days of Israel under Joshua (Joshua 24:31). This verse shows us how God continues to provide leaders for His people, guiding them and keeping them safe, as promised in Psalm 121:3-8. Just like Jair, we can trust in God's sovereignty and provision in our lives, knowing He raises up leaders to guide and protect us, as seen in His promise to never leave or forsake us (Hebrews 13:5-6).
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Jair the Gileadite and what role did he play in Israel's history?
Jair the Gileadite was a judge of Israel, following Tola, and he judged Israel for twenty-two years, as mentioned in Judges 10:3, continuing the pattern of leaders God raised to guide His people, similar to what we see in Judges 2:16-18.
What can we learn from the transition of leadership from Tola to Jair?
The transition from Tola to Jair, as seen in Judges 10:3, shows how God continuously provided leaders for Israel, emphasizing His faithfulness and provision, as also highlighted in Psalm 37:23-24.
How does Jair's role as a judge relate to the broader biblical theme of leadership?
Jair's role, like that of other judges, demonstrates God's sovereign hand in appointing leaders, a theme that echoes throughout the Bible, including in 1 Samuel 12:6 and Romans 13:1-2, emphasizing the importance of leadership and governance under God's authority.
What does Jair's twenty-two year tenure as a judge indicate about his leadership?
Jair's twenty-two year tenure suggests a period of relative stability and peace under his leadership, similar to the peace experienced under other godly leaders, such as in the time of Joshua, as described in Joshua 24:31 and Judges 2:7.
Reflection Questions
- How does the succession of judges, including Jair, reflect God's ongoing care for His people, and what does this teach us about His faithfulness?
- In what ways can we apply the lessons of Jair's leadership to our own roles within the church or community, considering principles from Ephesians 4:11-12 and 1 Corinthians 12:12-31?
- What does the fact that Jair judged Israel for twenty-two years say about the stability and security of God's people under his leadership, and how does this compare to the experiences of other biblical leaders?
- How can we, like Jair, serve as instruments of God's peace and justice in our own contexts, reflecting on the principles outlined in Matthew 5:9 and Romans 12:14-21?
Gill's Exposition on Judges 10:3
And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite,.... Who was of the half tribe of Manasseh, on the other side Jordan, which inhabited the land of Gilead, and who is the first of the judges that was on that
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Judges 10:3
And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite, and judged Israel twenty and two years. Jair, a Gileadite.
Matthew Poole's Commentary on Judges 10:3
A Gileadite; of Gilead beyond Jordan
Trapp's Commentary on Judges 10:3
Judges 10:3 And after him arose Jair, a Gileadite, and judged Israel twenty and two years.Ver. 3. Jair, a Gileadite.] Of whom we may say as one doth of Jesse, the father of David, that he was Vir bonus et probus, sed minus clarus, a good honest man, but there is not much said of him.
Ellicott's Commentary on Judges 10:3
(3) Jair, a Gileadite.—In Numbers 32:41 we are told of a Jair, the son of Manasseh, who “took the small towns” of Gilead, and called them Havoth-jair. This earlier Jair, with Nobah, plays a splendid part in Jewish legend, which is only alluded to in Scripture (see Deuteronomy 3:14). In what relation the Jair of these verses stood to him we cannot, in the uncertain data of the chronology, decide. The Jair of Num 32:41 was descended from Judah on the father’s side, and on the mother’s was a great-grandson of Manasseh.
Cambridge Bible on Judges 10:3
3. Jair, the Gileadite] Called ‘the son of Manasseh’ in Numbers 32:41, Deuteronomy 3:14, cf. Joshua 13:30; in 1 Chronicles 2:21 ff. he is the great-grandson of Machir. Gilead was the name applied generally to the country E. of the Jordan, between the south end of the Sea of Tiberias and the north end of the Dead Sea.
Whedon's Commentary on Judges 10:3
3. Jair, a Gileadite — That is, a native or resident of Gilead, the mountainous country east of the Jordan. On the silence of Scripture respecting the particulars of his life the same may be said as of Tola, in Judges 10:1.
Sermons on Judges 10:3
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
|
Through the Bible - Genesis 29-31 by Chuck Smith | Chuck Smith discusses Jacob's journey to Haran, where he meets Rachel at a well, showcasing God's guidance in his life. Jacob's love for Rachel leads him to work seven years for he |