Genesis 36:19
Genesis 36:19 in Multiple Translations
All these are the sons of Esau (that is, Edom), and they were their chiefs.
These are the sons of Esau, who is Edom, and these are their dukes.
These are the sons of Esau, and these are their chiefs: the same is Edom.
These were the sons of Esau (that is, Edom), and these were their chiefs.
All these were the sons of Esau (also called Edom), and they were their tribal leaders.
These are the children of Esau, and these are the Dukes of them: This Esau is Edom.
These [are] sons of Esau (who [is] Edom), and these their chiefs.
These are the sons of Esau (that is, Edom), and these are their chiefs.
These are the sons of Esau (who is Edom) and these are their dukes.
These are the sons of Esau, and these the dukes of them: the same is Edom.
That is the list of the sons of Esau, and the people-groups who were their descendants.
All those sons of Esau, they were the leaders for their clans. And you know, sometimes people called Esau a different name. They called him Edom.
Berean Amplified Bible — Genesis 36:19
BAB
Word Study
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Genesis 36:19 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
אֵ֧לֶּה
בְנֵי
עֵשָׂ֛ו
וְ/אֵ֥לֶּה
אַלּוּפֵי/הֶ֖ם
ה֥וּא
אֱדֽוֹם
אֵ֧לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
these
Pron
בְנֵי
bên
H1121
son
N-mp
עֵשָׂ֛ו
ʻÊsâv
H6215
Esau
N-proper
וְ/אֵ֥לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
these
Conj | Pron
אַלּוּפֵי/הֶ֖ם
ʼallûwph
H441
tame
N-mp | Suff
ה֥וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
he/she/it
Pron
אֱדֽוֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
Edom
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — Genesis 36:19
אֵ֧לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
"these"
Pron
This Hebrew word is used to point out specific people or things, like saying 'these' or 'those'. It appears in the book of Genesis, where God says 'let there be light' and separates the light from the darkness.
Definition: 1) these 1a) used before antecedent 1b) used following antecedent Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Usage: Occurs in 697 OT verses. KJV: an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m). See also: Genesis 2:4; Exodus 35:1; Deuteronomy 1:35.
בְנֵי
bên
H1121
"son"
N-mp
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
עֵשָׂ֛ו
ʻÊsâv
H6215
"Esau"
N-proper
Esau was the son of Isaac and twin brother of Jacob, and his name means 'hairy'. He sold his birthright to Jacob and lost the divine blessing, as told in Genesis 25:29-34, and became the ancestor of the Arab peoples.
Definition: § Esau = "hairy" eldest son of Isaac and Rebecca and twin brother of Jacob; sold the birthright for food when he was hungry and the divine blessing went to Jacob; progenitor of the Arab peoples
Usage: Occurs in 82 OT verses. KJV: Esau. See also: Genesis 25:25; Genesis 33:9; Jeremiah 49:8.
וְ/אֵ֥לֶּה
ʼêl-leh
H428
"these"
Conj | Pron
This Hebrew word is used to point out specific people or things, like saying 'these' or 'those'. It appears in the book of Genesis, where God says 'let there be light' and separates the light from the darkness.
Definition: 1) these 1a) used before antecedent 1b) used following antecedent Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Usage: Occurs in 697 OT verses. KJV: an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m). See also: Genesis 2:4; Exodus 35:1; Deuteronomy 1:35.
אַלּוּפֵי/הֶ֖ם
ʼallûwph
H441
"tame"
N-mp | Suff
A chief or leader is referred to as 'alluwph' in Hebrew. The word can also mean friend or governor. It describes someone in a position of authority or guidance.
Definition: 1) tame, docile 2) friend, intimate
Usage: Occurs in 29 OT verses. KJV: captain, duke, (chief) friend, governor, guide, ox. See also: Genesis 36:15; 1 Chronicles 1:52; Psalms 55:14.
ה֥וּא
hûwʼ
H1931
"he/she/it"
Pron
This word is a pronoun meaning 'he', 'she', or 'it', used to refer to a person or thing. It is used in the Bible to emphasize a subject or make it clear who is being talked about.
Definition: pron 3p s 1) he, she, it 1a) himself (with emphasis) 1b) resuming subj with emphasis 1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate) 1d) (anticipating subj) 1e) (emphasising predicate) 1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron 2) that (with article)
Usage: Occurs in 1693 OT verses. KJV: he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who. See also: Genesis 2:11; Genesis 32:19; Exodus 21:3.
אֱדֽוֹם
ʼĔdôm
H123
"Edom"
N-proper
Edom was the twin brother of Jacob and the region where he lived. He was the son of Isaac and Rebekah, and his story is told in Genesis 25. Edom is also another name for Esau.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.25; son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259); brother of: Israel (H3478); married to Oholibamah (H0173), Judith (H3067), Adah (H5711H) and Mahalath (H4258); father of: Eliphaz (H0464), Reuel (H7467), Jeush (H3266), Jalam (H3281) and Korah (H7141); also called Edom at Gen.25.30; 36.1,8,19,21; 1x,54; Another name of e.sav (עֵשָׂו "Esau" H6215G) § Edom = "red" 1) Edom 2) Edomite, Idumean-descendants of Esau 3) land of Edom, Idumea-land south and south east of Palestine
Usage: Occurs in 93 OT verses. KJV: Edom, Edomites, Idumea. See also: Genesis 25:30; 1 Chronicles 1:54; Psalms 60:2.
Study Notes — Genesis 36:19
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — The Descendants of Esau
17These are the sons of Esau’s son Reuel: Chiefs Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. They are the chiefs descended from Reuel in the land of Edom, and they are the grandsons of Esau’s wife Basemath.
18These are the sons of Esau’s wife Oholibamah: Chiefs Jeush, Jalam, and Korah. They are the chiefs descended from Esau’s wife Oholibamah, the daughter of Anah.
19All these are the sons of Esau (that is, Edom), and they were their chiefs.
20These are the sons of Seir the Horite, who were living in the land: Lotan, Shobal, Zibeon, Anah, 21Dishon, Ezer, and Dishan. They are the chiefs of the Horites, the descendants of Seir in the land of Edom.Genesis 36:19 Summary
[Genesis 36:19 is a summary verse that tells us about the sons of Esau, who is also known as Edom. These sons were leaders or 'chiefs' among their people, and they are listed in the preceding verses, Genesis 36:17-18. This verse helps us understand the family lines and relationships of the people in the biblical world, which is important for grasping the larger story of the Bible, as seen in Genesis 12:1-3 and Romans 9:10-13. By reading about Esau and his descendants, we can learn more about God's plan and purposes for all nations and families.]
Frequently Asked Questions
Who are the sons of Esau mentioned in Genesis 36:19?
The sons of Esau mentioned in this verse are the collective sons of Esau, also known as Edom, which include the sons of his wives Basemath and Oholibamah, as mentioned in the preceding verses, Genesis 36:17-18.
What does the term 'chiefs' mean in this context?
The term 'chiefs' in Genesis 36:19 refers to the leaders or heads of the various clans and families descended from Esau, similar to the concept of leaders among the Israelites, as seen in Exodus 18:21-22.
Is there a significance to the mention of Esau's name along with Edom in this verse?
Yes, the mention of Esau and Edom together in Genesis 36:19 highlights the fact that Esau is also known as Edom, as mentioned in Genesis 25:30, and this dual naming emphasizes the connection between the person and the nation that descended from him.
How does this verse fit into the larger narrative of the Bible?
Genesis 36:19 is part of the genealogical records of Esau and his descendants, which is important for understanding the history and relationships between nations in the biblical world, as seen in Genesis 36:1-43, and has implications for later biblical events and prophecies, such as those found in Ezekiel 35:1-15.
Reflection Questions
- What can we learn from the way the Bible records the genealogies and family lines of various individuals, including Esau?
- How does the concept of leadership and 'chiefs' in this verse relate to our own understanding of leadership and authority in our lives and communities?
- In what ways can we see God's sovereignty and providence at work in the lives of Esau and his descendants, despite their complexities and challenges?
- What does this verse teach us about the importance of family, heritage, and legacy in the biblical worldview?
Gill's Exposition on Genesis 36:19
These [are] the sons of Esua,.... [See comments on Genesis 36:15].
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Genesis 36:19
And these are the sons of Reuel Esau's son; duke Nahath, duke Zerah, duke Shammah, duke Mizzah: these are the dukes that came of Reuel in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife.
Whedon's Commentary on Genesis 36:19
THE DUKES OF ESAU, Genesis 36:15-19. Here the chief tribe-fathers of the Edomites are named again, under the title of dukes, Hebrews, alluphim, (ΰμετιν,) phylarchs, chiefs, or princes.