Exodus 6:17 lists the descendants of Levi, the son of Jacob, through the lineage of Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. This genealogy is significant as it establishes the priestly line of the Levites, who were chosen by God for sacred duties in the tabernacle. The verse highlights the importance of lineage and heritage in the Old Testament, particularly in relation to the priesthood and service to God. It sets the foundation for the establishment of the Levitical priesthood and their role in the religious practices of the Israelites.