2 Samuel 22:43
2 Samuel 22:43 in Multiple Translations
I ground them as the dust of the earth; I crushed and trampled them like mud in the streets.
Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad.
Then did I beat them small as the dust of the earth, I did crush them as the mire of the streets, and did spread them abroad.
Then they were crushed as small as the dust of the earth, stamped down under my feet like the waste of the streets.
I ground them into dust, like the dust of the earth. I crushed them and threw them out like mud in the street.
Then did I beate them as small as the dust of the earth: I did treade them flat as the clay of the streete, and did spread them abroad.
And I beat them as dust of the earth, As mire of the streets I beat them small — I spread them out!
Then I beat them as small as the dust of the earth. I crushed them as the mire of the streets, and spread them abroad.
Then I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I stamped them as the mire of the street, and spread them abroad.
I shall beat them as small as the dust of the earth: I shall crush them and spread them abroad like the mire of the streets.
I crushed them, and as a result they became like [SIM] tiny particles of dust. I trampled them, and they became like [SIM] mud in the streets.
Berean Amplified Bible — 2 Samuel 22:43
BAB
Word Study
Hover over any word to see its amplified meaning. Click a word to explore its full definition and translation comparisons.
Amplified text is generated using scripting to tie together English translations for comparison. Always refer to the core BSB translation and original Hebrew/Greek text for accuracy. Anomalies may occur.
2 Samuel 22:43 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וְ/אֶשְׁחָקֵ֖/ם
כַּ/עֲפַר
אָ֑רֶץ
כְּ/טִיט
חוּצ֥וֹת
אֲדִקֵּ֖/ם
אֶרְקָעֵֽ/ם
וְ/אֶשְׁחָקֵ֖/ם
shâchaq
H7833
to beat
Conj | V-Qal-Imperf-1cs | Suff
כַּ/עֲפַר
ʻâphâr
H6083
dust
Prep | N-ms
אָ֑רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
land
N-cs
כְּ/טִיט
ṭîyṭ
H2916
mud
Prep | N-ms
חוּצ֥וֹת
chûwts
H2351
outside
N-mp
אֲדִקֵּ֖/ם
dâqaq
H1854
to crush
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs | Suff
אֶרְקָעֵֽ/ם
râqaʻ
H7554
to beat
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs | Suff
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 2 Samuel 22:43
וְ/אֶשְׁחָקֵ֖/ם
shâchaq
H7833
"to beat"
Conj | V-Qal-Imperf-1cs | Suff
This verb means to beat or pulverize something into small pieces, like grinding incense into a fine powder. In Isaiah 28:15, it describes God's judgment on his enemies, wearing them down like dust. The word is used about 10 times in the Old Testament.
Definition: 1) to rub away, beat fine, pulverise 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to rub away 1a1a) of incense, stones 1a1b) of enemies (fig)
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: beat, wear. See also: Exodus 30:36; Job 14:19; Psalms 18:43.
כַּ/עֲפַר
ʻâphâr
H6083
"dust"
Prep | N-ms
Aphar means dust or dry earth, and is also used to describe clay, earth, or mortar. It appears in various forms throughout the Bible.
Definition: 1) dry earth, dust, powder, ashes, earth, ground, mortar, rubbish 1a) dry or loose earth 1b) debris 1c) mortar 1d) ore
Usage: Occurs in 103 OT verses. KJV: ashes, dust, earth, ground, morter, powder, rubbish. See also: Genesis 2:7; Job 28:6; Psalms 7:6.
אָ֑רֶץ
ʼerets
H776
"land"
N-cs
The land or earth refers to the soil or ground, and can also mean a country, territory, or region. In the Bible, it is used to describe the earth and its inhabitants, and is often translated as 'land' or 'country'.
Definition: : soil 1) land, earth 1a) earth 1a1) whole earth (as opposed to a part) 1a2) earth (as opposed to heaven) 1a3) earth (inhabitants) 1b) land 1b1) country, territory 1b2) district, region 1b3) tribal territory 1b4) piece of ground 1b5) land of Canaan, Israel 1b6) inhabitants of land 1b7) Sheol, land without return, (under) world 1b8) city (-state) 1c) ground, surface of the earth 1c1) ground 1c2) soil 1d) (in phrases) 1d1) people of the land 1d2) space or distance of country (in measurements of distance) 1d3) level or plain country 1d4) land of the living 1d5) end(s) of the earth 1e) (almost wholly late in usage) 1e1) lands, countries 1e1a) often in contrast to Canaan
Usage: Occurs in 2190 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 18:18; Genesis 42:13.
כְּ/טִיט
ṭîyṭ
H2916
"mud"
Prep | N-ms
This word refers to mud or clay, and is also used figuratively to describe a difficult or calamitous situation. It appears in the Bible as a symbol of chaos or mess.
Definition: 1) mud, clay, mire, damp dirt 1a) mud, mire 1b) clay (poetical) Aramaic equivalent: tin (טִין "common" H2917)
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: clay, dirt, mire. See also: 2 Samuel 22:43; Isaiah 57:20; Psalms 18:43.
חוּצ֥וֹת
chûwts
H2351
"outside"
N-mp
This word means outside or outdoors, referring to something beyond a wall or boundary. It can also mean a street or highway, as seen in various KJV translations, including abroad, field, and without.
Definition: outside, outward, street, the outside
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: abroad, field, forth, highway, more, out(-side, -ward), street, without. See also: Genesis 6:14; 2 Chronicles 24:8; Psalms 18:43.
אֲדִקֵּ֖/ם
dâqaq
H1854
"to crush"
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs | Suff
Means to crush or pulverize something into small pieces, like beating grain into dust or bruising something into tiny fragments.
Definition: 1) to crush, pulverise, thresh 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to crush 1a2) to be fine 1b) (Hiphil) to pulverise, make dust of 1c) (Hophal) to be crushed
Usage: Occurs in 12 OT verses. KJV: beat in pieces (small), bruise, make dust, (into) [idiom] powder, (be, very) small, stamp (small). See also: Exodus 30:36; 2 Chronicles 15:16; Isaiah 28:28.
אֶרְקָעֵֽ/ם
râqaʻ
H7554
"to beat"
V-Qal-Imperf-1cs | Suff
This Hebrew verb means to beat or pound something, like metal, to shape or expand it. It is used to describe the process of making metal plates for the tabernacle in Exodus. The word also implies a sense of passion or strong emotion.
Definition: 1) to beat, stamp, beat out, spread out, stretch 1a) (Qal) 1a1) to stamp, beat out 1a2) one who beats out (participle) 1b) (Piel) to overlay, beat out (for plating) 1c) (Pual) beaten out (participle) 1d) (Hiphil) to make a spreading (of clouds)
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: beat, make broad, spread abroad (forth, over, out, into plates), stamp, stretch. See also: Exodus 39:3; Isaiah 40:19; Psalms 136:6.
Study Notes — 2 Samuel 22:43
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — David’s Song of Deliverance
41You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.
42They looked, but there was no one to save them— to the LORD, but He did not answer.
43I ground them as the dust of the earth; I crushed and trampled them like mud in the streets.
44You have delivered me from the strife of my people; You have preserved me as the head of nations; a people I had not known shall serve me. 45Foreigners cower before me; when they hear me, they obey me.Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Micah 7:10 | Then my enemy will see and will be covered with shame— she who said to me, “Where is the LORD your God?” My eyes will see her; at that time she will be trampled like mud in the streets. |
| 2 | Isaiah 10:6 | I will send him against a godless nation; I will dispatch him against a people destined for My rage, to take spoils and seize plunder, and to trample them down like clay in the streets. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 13:7 | Jehoahaz had no army left, except fifty horsemen, ten chariots, and ten thousand foot soldiers, because the king of Aram had destroyed them and made them like the dust at threshing. |
| 4 | Zechariah 10:5 | They will be like mighty men in battle, trampling the enemy in the mire of the streets. They will fight because the LORD is with them, and they will put the horsemen to shame. |
| 5 | Daniel 2:35 | Then the iron, clay, bronze, silver, and gold were shattered and became like chaff on the threshing floor in summer. The wind carried them away, and not a trace of them could be found. But the stone that had struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the whole earth. |
| 6 | Zechariah 2:6 | “Get up! Get up! Flee from the land of the north,” declares the LORD, “for I have scattered you like the four winds of heaven,” declares the LORD. |
| 7 | Psalms 35:5 | May they be like chaff in the wind, as the angel of the LORD drives them away. |
| 8 | Malachi 4:1 | “For behold, the day is coming, burning like a furnace, when all the arrogant and every evildoer will be stubble; the day is coming when I will set them ablaze,” says the LORD of Hosts. “Not a root or branch will be left to them.” |
| 9 | Deuteronomy 32:26 | I would have said that I would cut them to pieces and blot out their memory from mankind, |
| 10 | Luke 21:24 | They will fall by the edge of the sword and be led captive into all the nations. And Jerusalem will be trodden down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled. |
2 Samuel 22:43 Summary
This verse, 2 Samuel 22:43, means that God completely defeated and humiliated David's enemies, just like dust that is trampled underfoot. This is a declaration of God's power and deliverance, and reminds us that our battles are not against flesh and blood, but against spiritual forces, as seen in Ephesians 6:12. We can trust in God's power to overcome them, just like David did, as seen in Psalm 23:4 and Psalm 28:7. By trusting in God's power, we can have confidence and peace, knowing that He is our deliverer, as seen in Psalm 34:17-20.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean to be 'ground as the dust of the earth'?
This phrase, found in 2 Samuel 22:43, means to be completely defeated and humiliated, much like the dust that is trampled underfoot, as seen in other passages like Psalm 18:42 and Isaiah 10:6, where God uses similar language to describe His judgment on nations.
Is this verse promoting violence or revenge?
No, this verse is not promoting violence or revenge, but rather it is a declaration of God's power and deliverance, as seen in the context of 2 Samuel 22:41-45, where David is giving thanks to God for His salvation and protection, much like in Psalm 138:7-8, where David trusts in God's power to deliver him.
How does this verse relate to our spiritual battles today?
This verse reminds us that our battles are not against flesh and blood, but against spiritual forces, and that God is our deliverer, as seen in Ephesians 6:12 and 2 Corinthians 10:4, where we are encouraged to trust in God's power to overcome them.
What can we learn from David's attitude in this verse?
We can learn from David's attitude of trust and humility, as he acknowledges God's power and deliverance in his life, and gives thanks for His salvation, as seen in 1 Thessalonians 5:18 and Psalm 107:1, where we are encouraged to give thanks to God in all circumstances.
Reflection Questions
- What are some areas in my life where I need to trust in God's power and deliverance, like David did in 2 Samuel 22:43?
- How can I apply the principle of trusting in God's power, rather than my own strength, in my daily life, as seen in Proverbs 3:5-6?
- What are some ways that I can give thanks to God for His salvation and protection in my life, like David did in Psalm 9:1-2?
- How can I balance my desire for justice with the need to trust in God's sovereignty, as seen in Romans 12:19 and Deuteronomy 32:35?
- What can I learn from David's example of humility and trust in God's power, as seen in 2 Samuel 22:43 and Psalm 22:1-5?
Gill's Exposition on 2 Samuel 22:43
Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, [and] did spread them abroad. [See comments on Psalms 18:42].
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on 2 Samuel 22:43
Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad. Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth.
Ellicott's Commentary on 2 Samuel 22:43
(43) Dust of the earth.—Psalms 18 reads, “Dust before the wind,” and in the second clause omits “did spread them abroad.” The psalm thus combines in one compact figure what is here spread out in two clauses. The change is certainly designed, and heightens the poetic effect. Thou hast kept me.—The wording of the psalm, “Thou hast made me,” involves only a slight difference in the original, and is a mere clerical variation.
Cambridge Bible on 2 Samuel 22:43
43. as the dust of the earth] In Psalms 18:42, “as the dust before the wind.” For the metaphor cp. 2 Kings 13:7. I did stamp them, &c.] In Psalms 18:42, “as the mire of the streets did I empty them out:” I flung them away as worthless refuse. Again the variation is due to the confusion of similar words (ΰγχν–ΰψιν).
Sermons on 2 Samuel 22:43
| Sermon | Description | |
|---|---|---|
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Epistle 420 by George Fox | George Fox encourages believers to find life, salvation, and peace in the Lord Jesus Christ, even amidst worldly troubles and captivity. He emphasizes the importance of faith, citi |
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Mid South Conference 1978-09 Zechariah's Visions by Bob Clark | In this sermon, the speaker focuses on the book of Zechariah and its message of encouragement to the people of Jerusalem. The sermon highlights the importance of not getting caught |
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The Jews by Arno Clemens Gaebelein | Arno Clemens Gaebelein preaches about the remarkable revival of Palestine, highlighting the significant increase in the Jewish population, the resurgence of the Hebrew language, th |
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Their Reception-Life From the Dead by Arno Clemens Gaebelein | Arno Clemens Gaebelein delves into the intricate relationship between Israel's fall, the salvation of the Gentiles, and the future blessings awaiting both Israel and the nations. H |
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A Cry Against the Wicked Youth of America by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher talks about a man, a Hebrew, who is running through the streets proclaiming that there are only 40 days left before everyone will die because of their |
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Christless Pentecost - Part 2 by David Wilkerson | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the need for repentance and holiness in the church. He predicts a revival among young people and the downfall of drug abuse, alcoholism, and |
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A Vision of the Latter-Day Glories by C.H. Spurgeon | In this sermon, the preacher emphasizes the unstoppable growth of the church and the gathering of all nations to worship God. He uses the imagery of a dry riverbed gradually fillin |