1 Chronicles 1:46
1 Chronicles 1:46 in Multiple Translations
When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad, who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, reigned in his place. And the name of his city was Avith.
And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, which smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.
And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead; and the name of his city was Avith.
And at the death of Husham, Hadad, the son of Bedad, who overcame Midian in the field of Moab, became king; his town was named Avith.
When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad, took over as king. He was the one who defeated Midian in the country of Moab. The name of his city was Avith.
And when Hussham was dead, Hadad the sonne of Bedad which smote Midian in the fielde of Moab, reigned in his steade, and the name of his citie was Auith.
and Husham dieth, and reign in his stead doth Hadad, son of Bedad (who smiteth Midian in the field of Moab) and the name of his city [is] Avith;
Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who struck Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his place; and the name of his city was Avith.
And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.
And Husam also died, and Adad the son of Badad reigned in his stead, and he defeated the Madianites in the land of Moab: and the name of his city was Avith.
When Husham died, Hadad, the son of Bedad, became the king. He ruled in Avith city. Hadad’s army defeated the army of the Midian people-group in the Moab region.
Berean Amplified Bible — 1 Chronicles 1:46
BAB
Word Study
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1 Chronicles 1:46 Interlinear (Deep Study)
BIB
HEB
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
חוּשָׁ֑ם
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֨ךְ
תַּחְתָּ֜י/ו
הֲדַ֣ד
בֶּן
בְּדַ֗ד
הַ/מַּכֶּ֤ה
אֶת
מִדְיָן֙
בִּ/שְׂדֵ֣ה
מוֹאָ֔ב
וְ/שֵׁ֥ם
עִיר֖/וֹ
עיות
עֲוִֽית
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
mûwth
H4191
to die
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
חוּשָׁ֑ם
Chûwshâm
H2367
Husham
N-proper
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֨ךְ
mâlak
H4427
to reign
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
תַּחְתָּ֜י/ו
tachath
H8478
underneath
Prep | Suff
הֲדַ֣ד
Hădad
H1908
Hadad
N-proper
בֶּן
bên
H1121
son
N-ms
בְּדַ֗ד
Bᵉdad
H911
Bedad
N-proper
הַ/מַּכֶּ֤ה
nâkâh
H5221
to smite
Art | V-Hiphil
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
Obj.
DirObjM
מִדְיָן֙
Midyân
H4080
Midian
N-proper
בִּ/שְׂדֵ֣ה
sâdeh
H7704
field
Prep | N-ms
מוֹאָ֔ב
Môwʼâb
H4124
Moab
N-proper
וְ/שֵׁ֥ם
shêm
H8034
name
Conj | N-ms
עִיר֖/וֹ
ʻîyr
H5892
excitement
N-fs | Suff
עיות
ʻĂvîyth
H5762
Avith
N-proper
עֲוִֽית
ʻĂvîyth
H5762
Avith
N-proper
Hebrew Word Study
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Hebrew Word Reference — 1 Chronicles 1:46
וַ/יָּ֖מָת
mûwth
H4191
"to die"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to die, either literally or as a punishment, and is used in books like Genesis and Exodus. It can also mean to perish or be killed. This concept is seen in the story of Adam and Eve, where death enters the world as a result of sin.
Definition: 1) to die, kill, have one executed 1a)(Qal) 1a1) to die 1a2) to die (as penalty), be put to death 1a3) to die, perish (of a nation) 1a4) to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct) 1b) (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch 1c) (Hiphil) to kill, put to death 1d) (Hophal) 1d1) to be killed, be put to death 1d1a) to die prematurely
Usage: Occurs in 695 OT verses. KJV: [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise. See also: Genesis 2:17; Exodus 21:18; Numbers 35:21.
חוּשָׁ֑ם
Chûwshâm
H2367
"Husham"
N-proper
Husham was one of the early kings of Edom, mentioned in Genesis 36:34. His name means haste, and he lived during the time of the Patriarchs.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.34 § Husham = "haste" one of the early kings of Edom
Usage: Occurs in 4 OT verses. KJV: Husham. See also: Genesis 36:34; 1 Chronicles 1:45; 1 Chronicles 1:46.
וַ/יִּמְלֹ֨ךְ
mâlak
H4427
"to reign"
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms
To advise or counsel is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can also mean to reign or rule as a king. It is used in the Bible to describe the actions of leaders, like King Solomon, who sought wisdom to rule God's people. This word is found in the book of 1 Kings.
Definition: 1) to be or become king or queen, reign 1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign 1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign 1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
Usage: Occurs in 284 OT verses. KJV: consult, [idiom] indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, [idiom] surely. See also: Genesis 36:31; 2 Kings 8:15; 2 Chronicles 10:17.
תַּחְתָּ֜י/ו
tachath
H8478
"underneath"
Prep | Suff
This Hebrew word means underneath or below, often used to describe physical locations or positions. It appears in various books, including Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to indicate something is under or beneath something else. The word has several related meanings.
Definition: : under/below 1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m 1a) the under part adv accus 1b) beneath prep 1c) under, beneath 1c1) at the foot of (idiom) 1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig) 1c3) of subjection or conquest 1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands 1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun) 1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense) 1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged) conj 1e) instead of, instead of that 1f) in return for that, because that in compounds 1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion) 1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
Usage: Occurs in 450 OT verses. KJV: as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. See also: Genesis 1:7; Deuteronomy 7:24; 1 Kings 20:42.
הֲדַ֣ד
Hădad
H1908
"Hadad"
N-proper
Hadad was the name of an idol and several kings of Edom, including one who married an Egyptian woman and had a son named Genubath. The name means mighty.
Definition: A man of the Egyptians living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.11.14; married to sister_of_Tahpenes (H8472I); father of: Genubath (H1592) Also named: a.dad (אֲדַד "Hadad" H0111) § Hadad = "mighty" 1) son of Ishmael 2) a king of Edom who gained an important victory over the Midianites on the field of Moab 3) another king of Edom, with Pau for his capital 4) a member of the royal house of Edom who escaped the massacre under Joab and fled with a band of followers into Egypt; after David's death, he returned to his own country
Usage: Occurs in 11 OT verses. KJV: Hadad. See also: Genesis 36:35; 1 Kings 11:21; 1 Chronicles 1:51.
בֶּן
bên
H1121
"son"
N-ms
In the Bible, this word means a son or descendant, and can also refer to a grandson, nation, or quality. It appears in 1 Chronicles 24, describing a Levite named Beno. The word is used to show family relationships and inheritance.
Definition: : child/son
Usage: Occurs in 3653 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth. See also: Genesis 3:16; Genesis 23:3; Genesis 34:18.
בְּדַ֗ד
Bᵉdad
H911
"Bedad"
N-proper
Bedad was an Edomite who lived during the time of the Patriarchs, mentioned in Genesis 36:35 as the father of Hadad. His name means solitary. He was a significant figure in the Edomite family tree.
Definition: A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.35; father of: Hadad (H1908) § Bedad = "solitary" the father of an Edomite chief
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Bedad. See also: Genesis 36:35; 1 Chronicles 1:46.
הַ/מַּכֶּ֤ה
nâkâh
H5221
"to smite"
Art | V-Hiphil
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means to strike or hit something, and it's used in many different ways, like in Exodus when God strikes down the Egyptians. It can also mean to punish or destroy, as seen in Isaiah. The word is used to describe God's judgment.
Definition: 1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten 1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten 1c) (Hiphil) 1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust 1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast) 1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage 1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy 1d) (Hophal) to be smitten 1d1) to receive a blow 1d2) to be wounded 1d3) to be beaten 1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain 1d5) to be attacked and captured 1d6) to be smitten (with disease) 1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Usage: Occurs in 461 OT verses. KJV: beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound. See also: Genesis 4:15; Joshua 10:20; 1 Samuel 29:5.
אֶת
ʼêth
H853
"Obj."
DirObjM
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Definition: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
Usage: Occurs in 6782 OT verses. KJV: (as such unrepresented in English). See also: Genesis 1:1; Genesis 10:8; Genesis 19:21.
מִדְיָן֙
Midyân
H4080
"Midian"
N-proper
Refers to Midian, a son of Abraham, his country, and descendants, known for being a tribe that lived in the desert north of the Arabian peninsula.
Definition: § Midian or Midianite = "strife" the tribe descended from Midian inhabitant of the territory of the tribe descended from Midian; located principally in the desert north of the Arabian peninsula; land to which Moses went when he fled from Pharaoh
Usage: Occurs in 55 OT verses. KJV: Midian, Midianite. See also: Genesis 25:2; Judges 7:1; Psalms 83:10.
בִּ/שְׂדֵ֣ה
sâdeh
H7704
"field"
Prep | N-ms
A field or land is what this word represents, often referring to a flat area of land used for cultivation or as a habitat for wild animals, as described in the book of Genesis. It can also mean a plain or a country, as opposed to a mountain or sea. This term is used in the story of Ruth and Boaz.
Definition: 1) field, land 1a) cultivated field 1b) of home of wild beasts 1c) plain (opposed to mountain) 1d) land (opposed to sea)
Usage: Occurs in 309 OT verses. KJV: country, field, ground, land, soil, [idiom] wild. See also: Genesis 2:5; Deuteronomy 28:38; Nehemiah 12:29.
מוֹאָ֔ב
Môwʼâb
H4124
"Moab"
N-proper
Moab refers to the land and descendants of the son of Lot, who was born out of an incestuous relationship. The land of Moab is mentioned in the book of Numbers and the book of Ruth.
Definition: Combined with a.ra.vah (עֲרָבָה " Plains" H6160I) § Moab = "of his father" the land inhabited by the descendants of the son of Lot
Usage: Occurs in 158 OT verses. KJV: Moab. See also: Genesis 19:37; 2 Kings 3:21; Psalms 60:10.
וְ/שֵׁ֥ם
shêm
H8034
"name"
Conj | N-ms
In the Bible, a name represents a person's identity, honor, and character, like God's name symbolizing His power and authority. It appears in Genesis and other books, often referring to God's name or a person's reputation. This concept is central to understanding biblical identity.
Definition: 1) name 1a) name 1b) reputation, fame, glory 1c) the Name (as designation of God) 1d) memorial, monument Aramaic equivalent: shum (שֻׁם "name" H8036)
Usage: Occurs in 771 OT verses. KJV: [phrase] base, (in-) fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report. See also: Genesis 2:11; Exodus 3:15; Deuteronomy 16:6.
עִיר֖/וֹ
ʻîyr
H5892
"excitement"
N-fs | Suff
In the Bible, this word refers to a city or town, often a place with a wall or a watchman. It is used to describe a settlement or encampment, like the city of Ai, which is mentioned in the book of Joshua. The word is used to identify specific locations in the Bible.
Definition: 1) excitement, anguish 1a) of terror
Usage: Occurs in 936 OT verses. KJV: Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. See also: Genesis 4:17; Deuteronomy 3:6; Joshua 14:12.
עיות
ʻĂvîyth
H5762
"Avith"
N-proper
Avith is a place in Palestine, meaning 'ruins', and is associated with King Hadad of Edom. It appears in the Bible as a city in the kingdom of Edom. The name Avith symbolizes a place of destruction.
Definition: § Avith = "ruins" the city of Hadad Ben-Bedad, one of the kings of Edom
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Avith. See also: Genesis 36:35; 1 Chronicles 1:46.
עֲוִֽית
ʻĂvîyth
H5762
"Avith"
N-proper
Avith is a place in Palestine, meaning 'ruins', and is associated with King Hadad of Edom. It appears in the Bible as a city in the kingdom of Edom. The name Avith symbolizes a place of destruction.
Definition: § Avith = "ruins" the city of Hadad Ben-Bedad, one of the kings of Edom
Usage: Occurs in 2 OT verses. KJV: Avith. See also: Genesis 36:35; 1 Chronicles 1:46.
Study Notes — 1 Chronicles 1:46
Show Verse Quote Highlights
Context — The Kings of Edom
44When Bela died, Jobab son of Zerah from Bozrah reigned in his place.
45When Jobab died, Husham from the land of the Temanites reigned in his place.
46When Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad, who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, reigned in his place. And the name of his city was Avith.
47When Hadad died, Samlah from Masrekah reigned in his place. 48When Samlah died, Shaul from Rehoboth on the Euphrates reigned in his place.1 Chronicles 1:46 Summary
This verse, 1 Chronicles 1:46, tells us about a king named Hadad who defeated the Midianites in the country of Moab and then became king in a place called Avith. It shows us how God is in control of all nations and their leaders, just like it says in Proverbs 21:1 and Daniel 2:21. We can learn from Hadad's story that God gives power to whomever He chooses, and we should trust in His sovereignty over our lives and the world. By looking at the example of Hadad and other kings in the Bible, we can understand more about God's character and His plan for humanity, as outlined in Romans 13:1-2 and Psalm 22:28.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Hadad and what was his significance in the Bible?
Hadad, the son of Bedad, was a king who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, as mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1:46, and his accomplishments are also referenced in Numbers 24:17 and 1 Kings 11:14-22, which highlight his victories and God's providence in the lives of nations.
What can we learn from the genealogy of the kings in 1 Chronicles 1?
The genealogy of the kings in 1 Chronicles 1, including 1 Chronicles 1:46, teaches us about God's sovereignty over nations and the rise and fall of kingdoms, as seen in Daniel 2:21 and Psalm 103:19, where God's control over human history is emphasized.
Why is the city of Avith mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1:46?
The city of Avith, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1:46, is significant because it was the city of King Hadad, and its mention provides historical context and helps us understand the geographical setting of the events described, similar to how cities are mentioned in Genesis 10:10-12 and Numbers 13:22 for contextual purposes.
How does 1 Chronicles 1:46 relate to the larger story of the Bible?
1 Chronicles 1:46, in the context of the entire chapter, contributes to the overall narrative of the Bible by highlighting God's dealings with nations and the progression of human history, as seen in Acts 17:26 and Revelation 20:3, where God's plan for humanity is revealed.
Reflection Questions
- What does the story of Hadad's victory over Midian reveal about God's power and sovereignty in human affairs?
- How can we apply the principle of God's control over nations, as seen in 1 Chronicles 1:46, to our own lives and the world around us?
- What can we learn from the rise and fall of kings, like Hadad, in terms of God's judgment and mercy?
- In what ways does the mention of Avith as Hadad's city remind us of the importance of understanding historical and geographical contexts in Scripture?
Gill's Exposition on 1 Chronicles 1:46
[See comments on 1 Chronicles 1:43].
Ellicott's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:46
(46) Hadad.—The name of a Syrian deity, a form of the sun-god. (Comp. the royal titles, Ben-hadad and Hadadezer, 1 Chronicles 18:3, and the Note on 2 Kings 5:18.) Hadad is the same as Dadi, a Syrian title of Rimmon. Perhaps the classical Attis is equivalent to Dadis. The cry of the vintagers (hçdâd) seems to show that Hadad, like Bacchus, was regarded as the giver of the grapes (Isaiah 16:9-10). Which smote Midian.—A glimpse of the restless feuds which prevailed from time immemorial between these tribes and peoples of kindred origin. Like the judges of Israel, the kings of Edom seem to have been raised to their position owing to special emergencies. The field of Moab.—That is, the open country.Avith.—Like Dinhabah, and Pai, and Masretah, unknown beyond this passage. In the Hebrew of Chron. it is spelt, Ayuth; in Genesis 36 Awith. The letters w and y have been transposed in our text.
Adam Clarke's Commentary on 1 Chronicles 1:46
Verse 46. Smote Midian] Nothing is known of this war.
Cambridge Bible on 1 Chronicles 1:46
46. Midian in the field of Moab] Perhaps the words point to a time when Midian and Moab were in alliance; cp. Numbers 22:4; Numbers 22:7.