Charles Finney addresses the concept of natural ability and moral character, arguing against the false distinction between natural and moral ability. He emphasizes that moral inability stems from a lack of sufficient light to recognize the greatest apparent good, which is essential for moral obligation. Finney asserts that true holiness consists in willing as the greatest apparent good is, and that moral character is determined by the ultimate intention of one's will. He urges ministers and Christians to align their definitions of entire sanctification with the doctrine of natural ability to avoid confusion and error. The sermon calls for careful consideration of moral character and the nature of sin in relation to God's law.