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Ambrose

Ambrose (340 - 397)

Read freely text sermons and articles by the speaker Ambrose in text and pdf format.Was a bishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century. He was the Roman governor of Liguria and Emilia, headquartered in Milan, before being made bishop of Milan by popular acclamation in 374. Ambrose was a staunch opponent of Arianism, and has been accused of fostering persecutions of Arians, Jews, and pagans.

Traditionally, Ambrose is credited with promoting "antiphonal chant", a style of chanting in which one side of the choir responds alternately to the other, as well as with composing Veni redemptor gentium, an Advent hymn. Ambrose was one of the four original Doctors of the Church, and is the patron saint of Milan. He is notable for his influence on Augustine of Hippo.

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Ambrose of Milan Quotes
      God by nature is uncompounded, joined to nothing, composed of nothing, to whom nothing happens by accident; but only possessing in His own nature that which is divine, enclosing all things, Himself closed out of nothing, penetrating all things, Himself ne ... read more

Biography
      Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397; born probably 340, at Trier, Arles, or Lyons; died 4 April, 397. He was one of the most illustrious Fathers and Doctors of the Church, and fitly chosen, together with St. Augustine, St. John Chrysostom, and St. Athanasius, ... read more

CHAPTER I. The author distinguishes the faith from the errors of Pagans, Jews,
      CHAPTER I. The author distinguishes the faith from the errors of Pagans, Jews, and Heretics, and after explaining the significance of the names "God" and "Lord," shows clearly the difference of Persons in Unity of Essence. In dividing the Essence, the ... read more

CHAPTER II. The Emperor is exhorted to display zeal in the Faith. Christ's
      CHAPTER II. The Emperor is exhorted to display zeal in the Faith. Christ's perfect Godhead is shown from the unity of will and working which He has with the Father. The attributes of Divinity are shown to be proper to Christ, Whose various titles prove H ... read more

CHAPTER III. By evidence gathered from Scripture the unity of Father and Son
      CHAPTER III. By evidence gathered from Scripture the unity of Father and Son is proved, and firstly, a passage, taken from the Book of Isaiah, is compared with others and expounded in such sort as to show that in the Son there is no diversity from the Fat ... read more

CHAPTER IV. The Unity of God is necessarily implied in the order of Nature,
      CHAPTER IV. The Unity of God is necessarily implied in the order of Nature, in the Faith, and in Baptism. The gifts of the Magi declare the Unity of the Godhead; Christ's Godhead and Manhood. The truth of the doctrine o the Trinity in Unity is shown in t ... read more

CHAPTER IX. St. Ambrose questions the heretics and exhibits their answer,
      CHAPTER IX. St. Ambrose questions the heretics and exhibits their answer, which is, that the Son existed, indeed, before all time, yet was not co-eternal with the Father, whereat the Saint shows that they represent the Godhead as changeable, and further, ... read more

CHAPTER V. The various blasphemies uttered by the Arians against Christ are
      CHAPTER V. The various blasphemies uttered by the Arians against Christ are cited. Before these are replied to, the orthodox are admonished to beware of the captious arguments of philosophers, forasmuch as in these especially did the heretics put their tr ... read more

CHAPTER VI. By way of leading up to his proof that Christ is not different
      CHAPTER VI. By way of leading up to his proof that Christ is not different from the Father, St. Ambrose cites the more famous leaders of the Arian party, and explains how little their witness agrees, and shows what de-fence the Scriptures provide against ... read more

CHAPTER VII. The likeness of Christ to the Father is asserted on the authority
      CHAPTER VII. The likeness of Christ to the Father is asserted on the authority of St. Paul, the prophets, and the Gospel, and especially in reliance upon the creation of man in God's image. 48. THE Apostle saith that Christ is the image of the Father- ... read more

CHAPTER VIII. The likeness of the Son to the Father being proved, it is not
      CHAPTER VIII. The likeness of the Son to the Father being proved, it is not hard to prove the Son's eternity, though, indeed, this may be established on the authority of the Prophet Isaiah and St. John the Evangelist, by which authority the heretical lea ... read more

CHAPTER X. Christ's eternity being proved from the Apostle's teaching, St.
      CHAPTER X. Christ's eternity being proved from the Apostle's teaching, St. Ambrose admonishes us that the Divine Generation is not to be thought of alter the fashion of human procreation, nor to be too curiously pried into. With the difficulties thence ... read more

CHAPTER XI. It cannot be proved from Scripture that the Father existed before
      CHAPTER XI. It cannot be proved from Scripture that the Father existed before the Son, nor yet can arguments taken from human reproduction avail to this end, since they bring in absurdities without end. To dare to affirm that Christ began to exist in the ... read more

CHAPTER XII. Further objections to the Godhead of the Son are met by the
      CHAPTER XII. Further objections to the Godhead of the Son are met by the same answer--to wit, that they may equally be urged against the Father also. The Father, then, being in no way confined by time, place, or anything else created, no such limitation i ... read more

CHAPTER XIII. Discussion of the Divine Generation is continued. St.
      CHAPTER XIII. Discussion of the Divine Generation is continued. St. Ambrose illustrates its method by the same example as that employed by the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews. The duty of believing what is revealed is shown by the example of Nebuchad ... read more

CHAPTER XIV. That the Son of God is not a created being is proved by the
      CHAPTER XIV. That the Son of God is not a created being is proved by the following arguments: That He commanded not that the Gospel should be preached to Himself; that a created being is given over unto vanity; that the Son has created all things; that we ... read more

CHAPTER XIX. Arius is charged with the first of the above-mentioned errors,
      CHAPTER XIX. Arius is charged with the first of the above-mentioned errors, and refuted by the testimony of St. John. The miserable death of the Heresiarch is described, and the rest of his blasphemous errors are one by one examined and disproved. 123. ... read more

CHAPTER XV. An explanation of Acts ii. 36 and Proverbs viii. 22, which are
      CHAPTER XV. An explanation of Acts ii. 36 and Proverbs viii. 22, which are shown to refer properly to Christ's manhood alone. 95. To no purpose, then, is the heretics' customary citation of the Scripture, that "God made Him both Lord and Christ." L ... read more

CHAPTER XVI. The Arians blaspheme Christ, if by the words "created" and
      CHAPTER XVI. The Arians blaspheme Christ, if by the words "created" and "begotten" they mean and understand one and the same thing. If, however, they regard the words as distinct in meaning, they must not speak of Him, of Whom they have read that He w ... read more

CHAPTER XVII. That Christ is very God is proved from the fact that He is
      CHAPTER XVII. That Christ is very God is proved from the fact that He is God's own Son, also from His having been begotten and having come forth from God, and further, from the unity of will and operation subsisting in Father and Son. The witness of the ... read more

CHAPTER XVIII. The errors of the Arians are mentioned in the Nicene
      CHAPTER XVIII. The errors of the Arians are mentioned in the Nicene Definition of the Faith, to prevent their deceiving anybody. These errors are recited, together with the anathema pronounced against them, which is said to have been not only pronounced a ... read more

CHAPTER XX. St. Ambrose declares his desire that some angel would fly to
      CHAPTER XX. St. Ambrose declares his desire that some angel would fly to him to purify him, as once the Seraph did to Isaiah--nay more, that Christ Himself would come to him, to the Emperor, and to his readers, and finally prays that Gratian and the rest ... read more

Concerning Repentance (Book I)
      CHAPTER I. St. Ambrose writes in praise of gentleness, pointing out how needful that grace is for the rulers of the Church, and commended to them by the meekness of Christ. As the Novatians have fallen away from this, they cannot be considered disciples o ... read more

Concerning Repentance (Book II)
      CHAPTER I. St. Ambrose gives additional rules concerning repentance, and shows that it must not be delayed. 1. Although in the former book we have written many things which may tend to the more perfect practice of repentance, yet inasmuch as a great de ... read more

Concerning Virginity (Book I)
      CHAPTER I. St. Ambrose, reflecting upon the account he will have to give of his talents, determines to write, and consoles himself with certain examples of God's mercy. Then recognizing his own deficiencies desires that he may be dealt with like the fig- ... read more

Concerning Virginity (Book II)
      CHAPTER I. In this book St. Ambrose purposes to treat of the training of virgins, using examples rather than precepts, and explains why he does so in writing rather than by word of mouth. 1. Is the former book I wished(though I was not able) to set for ... read more

Concerning Virginity (Book III)
      CHAPTER I. St. Ambrose now goes back to the address of Liberius when he gave the veil to Marcellina. Touching on the crowds pressing to the bridal feast of that Spouse Who feeds them all, he passes on to the fitness of her profession on the day on which C ... read more

Concerning Widows
      CHAPTER I After having written about virgins, it seemed needful to say something concerning widows, since the Apostle joins the two classes together, and the latter are as it were teachers of the former, and far superior to those who are married. Elija ... read more

Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book II
      INTRODUCTION. Twelve names of the Son of God are recounted, being distributed into three classes. These names are so many proofs of the eternity not only of the Son, but of the Father also. Furthermore, they are compared with the twelve stones in the H ... read more

Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book III
      CHAPTER I. Statement of the reasons wherefore the matters, treated of shortly in the two former, are dealt with more at length in the three later books. Defence of the employment of fables, which is supported by the example of Holy Writ, wherein are fo ... read more

Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book IV
      CHAPTER I. The marvel is, not that men have failed to know Christ, but that they have not listened to the words of the Scriptures. Christ, indeed, was not known, even of angels, save by revelation, nor again, by His forerunner. Follows a description of Ch ... read more

Exposition of the Christian Faith, Book V
      PROLOGUE. Who is a faithful and wise servant? His reward is pointed out in the case of Peter, as also in the case of Paul. Ambrose, being anxious to follow Paul's guidance, wished this book to be added to the others, for it could not be included in th ... read more

Exposition of the Christian Faith, PROLOGUE.
      PROLOGUE. The author praises Gratian's zeal for instruction in the Faith, and speaks lowly of his own merits. Taught of God Himself, the Emperor stands in no need of human instruction; yet this his devoutness prepares the way to victory. The task appo ... read more

Holy Spirit, River of Grace
      So, then, the Holy Spirit is the River, and the abundant River, which according to the Hebrews flowed from Jesus in the lands, as we have received it prophesied by the mouth of Isaiah.[3] This is the great River which flows always and never fails. And not ... read more

Letter 17
      This Epistle was written when Symmachus sent his memorial to Valentinian II. St. Ambrose presses on the Emperor the consideration that it is his business to defend religion, and not superstition. The memorial was sent without the adhesion of the Christian ... read more

Letter 18
      Reply of St. Ambrose to the Memorial of Symmachus, in which after complimenting Valentinian he deals with three points of the Memorial. He replies to his opponent's personification of Rome in a singularly tilling manner, and proves that the famine spoken ... read more

Letter 20
      St. Ambrose relates to his sister the events at Milan connected with the demand of the Arians for a basilica, and how the people rose up in opposition. Then that on the second day the basilica had been occupied by soldiers, who however fraternized with th ... read more

Letter 21
      St. Ambrose excuses himself for not having gone to the consistory when summoned, on the ground that in matters of faith no one but bishops could rightly judge, and that he was not contumacious because he would not suffer wrong to be done to his own order. ... read more

Letter 22
      St. Ambrose in a letter to his sister gives an account of the finding of the bodies of SS. Gervasius and Protasius, and of his addresses to the people on that occasion. Preaching from Psalm xix., he allegorically expounded the "heavens "to represent the ... read more

Letter 40
      St. Ambrose begs Theodosius to listen to him, as he cannot be silent without great risk to both. He points out that Theodosius though God-fearing may be led astray, and points out that his decision respecting the restoration of the Jewish synagogue is ful ... read more

Letter 41
      St. Ambrose in this letter to his sister continues the account of the matters contained in his letter to Theodosius, and of a sermon which he subsequently delivered before the Emperor, with the result that the Emperor, when St. Ambrose refused to offer th ... read more

Letter 51
      Addressed to the Emperor Theodosius after the massacre at Thessalonica. St. Ambrose begins by stating his reasons for not having met the Emperor on his return to Milan. He then mentions the sentiments of the bishops with regard to the slaughter at Thessal ... read more

Letter 57
      St. Ambrose informs the Emperor Eugenius why he was absent from Milan. He then proceeds to reprove him for his conduct with regard to heathen worship. This was, he says, the reason why he did not write sooner, and he promises that for the future he will t ... read more

Letter 61
      St. Ambrose explains his absence from Milan on the arrival of the Emperor Theodosius after his victory over Eugenius, and after expressing his thankfulness for that success he promises obedience to the Emperor's will, and while commending his piety urges ... read more

Letter 62
      St. Ambrose excuses himself for having omitted an opportunity of writing to the Emperor, but is now sending a letter by the hands of a deacon, requesting forgiveness for some of Eugenius' followers who had sought the protection of the Church, especially ... read more

Letter 63
      Limenius, Bishop of Vercellae, having died, the see remained long vacant owing to domestic factions. St. Ambrose, therefore, as Exarch, writes to the Christians at Vercellae, and commences by reference to the speedy and unanimous election of Eusebius, a f ... read more

On the Death of Satyrus (Book I)
      THE TWO BOOKS OF ST. AMBROSE, BISHOP OF MILAN, ON THE DECEASE OF HIS BROTHER SATYRUS. 1. WE have brought hither, dearest brethren, my sacrifice, a sacrifice undefiled, a sacrifice well pleasing to God, my lord and brother Satyrus. I did not forget that ... read more

On the Death of Satyrus (Book II)
      BOOK II. ON THE BELIEF IN THE RESURRECTION. 1. Is the former book I indulged my longing to some extent, lest too sharp remedies applied to a burning wound might rather increase than assuage the pain. And as at the same time I often addressed my brother ... read more

On the Duties of the Clergy (Book I)
      CHAPTER I. A Bishop's special office is to teach; St. Ambrose himself, however, has to learn in order that he may teach; or rather has to teach what he has not learnt; at any rate learning and teaching with himself must go on together. 1. I THINK I sh ... read more

On the Duties of the Clergy (Book II)
      CHAPTER I. Happiness in life is to be gained by living virtuously, inasmuch as thus a Christian, whilst despising glory and the favour of men, desires to please God alone in what he does. I. Is the first book we spoke of the duties which we thought bef ... read more

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