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Alexander of Lycopolis (unknown - 448)
Read freely text sermons and articles by the speaker Alexander of Lycopolis in text and pdf format. The writer of a short treatise, in twenty-six chapters, against the Manichæans (P.G., XVIII, 409-448). He must have flourished early in the fourth century, as he says in the second chapter of this work that he derived his knowledge of Manes' teaching apo ton gnorimon (from the man's friend).
Despite its brevity and occasional obscurity, the work is valuable as a specimen of Greek analytical genius in the service of Christian theology, "a calm but vigorous protest of the trained scientific intellect against the vague dogmatism of the Oriental theosophies". It has been questioned whether Alexander was a Christian when he wrote this work, or ever became one afterwards. Photius says (Contra Manichæos, i, 11) that he was Bishop of Lycopolis (in the Egyptian Thebaid), but Bardenhewer opines (Patrologie, 234) that he was a pagan and a platonist.
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showing from 1 to 25 of 25 articles
CHAP XXI.--SOME PORTIONS OF THE VIRTUE HAVE GOOD IN
CHAP XXI.--SOME PORTIONS OF THE VIRTUE HAVE GOOD IN THEM, OTHERS MORE GOOD; IN THE SUN AND THE MOON IT IS INCORRUPT, IN OTHER THINGS DEPRAVED; AN IMPROBABLE OPINION.
But if any one were to apply his mind to what follows, the road would not appear to be ... read more
CHAP. I.--THE EXCELLENCE OF THE CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY
CHAP. I.--THE EXCELLENCE OF THE CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHY; THE ORIGIN OF HERESIES AMONGST CHRISTIANS.
THE philosophy of the Christians is termed simple. But it bestows very great attention to the formation of manners, enigmatically insinuating words of more ... read more
CHAP. II.--THE AGE OF MANICAEUS, OR MANES
CHAP. II.--THE AGE OF MANICAEUS, OR MANES; HIS FIRST DISCIPLES;THE TWO PRINCIPLES; MANICHAEAN MATTER.
So in these matters also, whilst in novelty of opinion each endeavours to show himself first and superior, they brought this philosophy, which is simp ... read more
CHAP. III.--THE FANCIES OF MANICHAEUS CONCERNING MATTER.
CHAP. III.--THE FANCIES OF MANICHAEUS CONCERNING MATTER.
It came to pass on a time that matter conceived a desire to attain to the superior region; and when it had arrived there, it admired the brightness and the light which was with God. And, indeed, ... read more
CHAP. IV.--THE MOON'S INCREASE AND WANE
CHAP. IV.--THE MOON'S INCREASE AND WANE; THE MANICHAEAN TRIFLING RESPECTING IT; THEIR DREAMS ABOUT MAN AND CHRIST; THEIR FOOLISH SYSTEM OF ABSTINENCE.
He ordained this, forsooth, to supply to the Demiurge, or Creator, another power which might attract ... read more
CHAP. IX.--THE RIDICULOUS FANCIES OF THE MANICHAEANS
CHAP. IX.--THE RIDICULOUS FANCIES OF THE MANICHAEANS ABOUT THE MOTION OF MATTER TOWARDS GOD; GOD THE AUTHOR OF THE REBELLION OF MATTER IN THE MANICHAEAN SENSE; THE LONGING OF MATTER FOR LIGHT AND BRIGHTNESS GOOD; DIVINE GOOD NONE THE LESS FOR BEING COMMUN ... read more
CHAP. V.--THE WORSHIP OF THE SUN AND MOON UNDER GOD
CHAP. V.--THE WORSHIP OF THE SUN AND MOON UNDER GOD; SUPPORT SOUGHT FOR THE MANICHAEANS IN THE GRECIAN FABLES; THE AUTHORITY OF THE SCRIPTURES AND FAITH DESPISED BY THE MANICHAEANS.
These things are the principal of what they say and think. And they ho ... read more
CHAP. VI.--THE TWO PRINCIPLES OF THE MANICHAEANS
CHAP. VI.--THE TWO PRINCIPLES OF THE MANICHAEANS; THEMSELVES CONTROVERTED; THE PYTHAGOREAN OPINION RESPECTING FIRST PRINCIPLES; GOOD AND EVIL CONTRARY; THE VICTORY ON THE SIDE OF GOOD.
They lay down two principles, God and Matter. If he (Manes) separat ... read more
CHAP. VII.--MOTION VINDICATED FROM THE CHARGE OF
CHAP. VII.--MOTION VINDICATED FROM THE CHARGE OF IRREGULARITY; CIRCULAR; STRAIGHT; OF GENERATION AND CORRUPTION; OF ALTERATION, AND QUALITY AFFECTING SENSE.
There is added to the discourse an appendix quite foreign to it. For you may reasonably speak o ... read more
CHAP. VIII.--IS MATTER WICKED? OF GOD AND MATTER.
CHAP. VIII.--IS MATTER WICKED? OF GOD AND MATTER.
Is matter, in respect of alteration, an evil cause? It is thus proved that it is not more evil than good. For let the beginning of the, change be from evil. Thus the change is from this to good through ... read more
CHAP. X.--THE MYTHOLOGY RESPECTING THE GODS
CHAP. X.--THE MYTHOLOGY RESPECTING THE GODS; THE DOGMAS OF THE MANCHAEANS RESEMBLE THIS: THE HOMERIC ALLEGORY OF THE BATTLE OF THE GODS; ENVY AND EMULATION EXISTING; IN GOD ACCORDING TO THE MANICHAEAN OPINION,; THESE VICES ARE TO BE FOUND IN NO GOOD MAN, ... read more
CHAP. XI.--THE TRANSMITTED VIRTUE OF 'THE MANICHAENS
CHAP. XI.--THE TRANSMITTED VIRTUE OF 'THE MANICHAENS; THE VIRTUES OF MATTER MIXED WITH EQUAL OR LESS AMOUNT OF EVIL.
To other things, therefore, our discourse has come round about again. For, because they say that God sent virtue into matter, it is wo ... read more
CHAP. XII.--THE DESTRUCTION OF EVIL BY THE IMMISSION OF
CHAP. XII.--THE DESTRUCTION OF EVIL BY THE IMMISSION OF VIRTUE REJECTED; BECAUSE FROM IT ARISES NO DIMINUTION OF EVIL; ZENO'S OPINION DISCARDED, THAT THE WORLD WILL BE BURNT UP BY FIRE FROM THE SUN.
But that God sent virtue into matter is asserted wit ... read more
CHAP. XIV.--NOXIOUS ANIMALS WORSHIPPED BY THE
CHAP. XIV.--NOXIOUS ANIMALS WORSHIPPED BY THE EGYPTIANS; MAN BY ARTS AN EVIL-DOER; LUST AND INJUSTICE CORRECTED BY LAWS AND DISCIPLINE; CONTINGENT AND NECESSARY THINGS IN WHICH THERE IS NO STAIN.
And, as it seems, we have been ignorant that the Egyptia ... read more
CHAP. XIX.--THE SECOND VIRTUE OF THE MANICHAEANS BESET
CHAP. XIX.--THE SECOND VIRTUE OF THE MANICHAEANS BESET WITH THE FORMER, AND WITH NEW ABSURDITIES; VIRTUE, ACTIVE AND PASSIVE, THE FASHIONER OF MATTER, AND CONCRETE WITH IT; BODIES DIVIDED BY MANICHAEUS INTO THREE PARTS.
But if it had been said that div ... read more
CHAP. XV.--THE LUST AND DESIRE OF SENTIENT THINGS
CHAP. XV.--THE LUST AND DESIRE OF SENTIENT THINGS; DEMONS; ANIMALS SENTIENT; SO ALSO THE SUN AND THE MOON AND STARS;THE PLATONIC DOCTRINE, NOT THE CHRISTIAN.
Whence, then, come pleasure and desire? For these are the principal evils that they talk of an ... read more
CHAP. XVI.--BECAUSE SOME ARE WISE, NOTHING PREVENTS
CHAP. XVI.--BECAUSE SOME ARE WISE, NOTHING PREVENTS OTHERS FROM BEING SO; VIRTUE IS TO BE ACQUIRED BY DILIGENCE AND STUDY; BY A SOUNDER PHILOSOPHY MEN ARE TO BE CARRIED ONWARDS TO THE GOOD; THE COMMON STUDY OF VIRTUE HAS BY CHRIST BEEN OPENED UP TO ALL.
... read more
CHAP. XVII.--THE MANICHAEAN IDEA OF VIRTUE IN MATTER
CHAP. XVII.--THE MANICHAEAN IDEA OF VIRTUE IN MATTER SCOUTED; IF ONE VIRTUE HAS BEEN CREATED IMMATERIAL, THE REST ARE ALSO IMMATERIAL; MATERIAL VIRTUE AN EXPLODED NOTION.
Moreover, how do they say, did God send divine virtue into matter? For if it alwa ... read more
CHAP. XVIII.--DISSOLUTION AND INHERENCE ACCORDING TO
CHAP. XVIII.--DISSOLUTION AND INHERENCE ACCORDING TO THE MANICHAEANS; THIS IS WELL PUT, AD HOMINEM, WITH RESPECT TO MANES, WHO IS HIMSELF IN MATTER.
This then is the wise assertion which is made by them--namely, that as we see that the body perishes wh ... read more
CHAP. XX.--THE DIVINE VIRTUE IN THE VIEW OF THE SAME
CHAP. XX.--THE DIVINE VIRTUE IN THE VIEW OF THE SAME MANICHAEUS CORPOREAL AND DIVISIBLE; THE DIVINE VIRTUE ITSELF MATTER WHICH BECOMES EVERYTHING; THIS IS NOT FITTING.
I, indeed, besides all these things, wonder that they do not perceive that they are ... read more
CHAP. XXII.--THE LIGHT OF THE MOON FROM THE SUN
CHAP. XXII.--THE LIGHT OF THE MOON FROM THE SUN; THE INCONVENIENCE OF THE OPINION THAT SOULS ARE RECEIVED IN IT; THE TWO DELUGES OF THE GREEKS.
Now, they say that the sun and the moon having by degrees separated the divine virtue from matter, transmit ... read more
CHAP. XXIII.--THE IMAGE OF MATTER IN THE SUN
CHAP. XXIII.--THE IMAGE OF MATTER IN THE SUN, AFTER WHICH MAN IS FORMED; TRIFLING FANCIES; IT IS A MERE FANCY, TOO, THAT MAN. IS FORMED FROM MATTER; MAN IS EITHER A. COMPOSITE BEING, OR A SOUL, OR MIND AND UNDERSTANDING.
Neither is this to be regarded ... read more
CHAP. XXIV.--CHRIST IS MIND, ACCORDING TO THE
CHAP. XXIV.--CHRIST IS MIND, ACCORDING TO THE MANICHAEANS; WHAT IS HE IN THE VIEW OF THE CHURCH? INCONGRUITY IN THEIR IDEA OF CHRIST; THAT HE SUFFERED ONLY IN APPEARANCE, A DREAM OF THE MANICHAEANS; NOTHING IS ATTRIBUTED TO THE WORD BY WAY OF FICTION.
... read more
CHAP. XXV.--THE MANICHAEAN ABSTINENCE FROM LIVING
CHAP. XXV.--THE MANICHAEAN ABSTINENCE FROM LIVING THINGS RIDICULOUS; THEIR MADNESS IN ABHORRING MARRIAGE; THE MYTHOLOGY OF THE GIANTS; TOO,ALLEGORICAL AN EXPOSITION.
They abstain also from living things. If, indeed, the reason of their abstinence were ... read more
CHAP. XXVI.--THE MUCH-TALKED-OF FIRE OF THE
CHAP. XXVI.--THE MUCH-TALKED-OF FIRE OF THE MANICHAEANS; THAT FIRE MATTER ITSELF.
That fire, endowed indeed with the power of burning, yet possessing no light, which is outside the world, in what region has it place? For if it is in the world, why does ... read more
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